Revision as of 05:45, 16 February 2012

1 Process to Identify Possible Acquisition Targets
2 M&A Due Diligence Process
3 Phase 1: Landscape overview
4 Urinary Problems in men and women
5 Market Analysis
6 Like this report?
7 Phase 2: Deeper Dive
8 Phase 3: Post-acquisition integration
- 8.1 Deadlines
- 8.2 Documents and Ownership
9 Ureteral stents regulatory issues
- 9.1 Pre-Market Notification
- 9.2 Timeline Sheet
10 Like this report?
11 Contact Dolcera
12 Addition
13 Key Artifacts
14 Removed Sections

Process to Identify Possible Acquisition Targets

Before identifying the possible acquisition targets, first companies needs to identify the objective of the merger and acquisition.

Advantage of Mergers and Acquisitions

The most common motives and advantages of mergers and acquisitions are:-

Accelerating a company's growth, particularly when its internal growth is constrained due to paucity of resources. Internal growth requires that a company should develop its operating facilities- manufacturing, research, marketing, etc. But, lack or inadequacy of resources and time needed for internal development may constrain a company's pace of growth. Hence, a company can acquire production facilities as well as other resources from outside through mergers and acquisitions. Specially, for entering in new products/markets, the company may lack technical skills and may require special marketing skills and a wide distribution network to access different segments of markets. The company can acquire existing company or companies with requisite infrastructure and skills and grow quickly.

Enhancing profitability because a combination of two or more companies may result in more than average profitability due to cost reduction and efficient utilization of resources. This may happen because of:-
- Economies of scale:- arise when increase in the volume of production leads to a reduction in the cost of production per unit. This is because, with merger, fixed costs are distributed over a large volume of production causing the unit cost of production to decline. Economies of scale may also arise from other indivisibilities such as production facilities, management functions and management resources and systems. This is because a given function, facility or resource is utilized for a large scale of operations by the combined firm.
- Operating economies:- arise because, a combination of two or more firms may result in cost reduction due to operating economies. In other words, a combined firm may avoid or reduce over-lapping functions and consolidate its management functions such as manufacturing, marketing, R&D and thus reduce operating costs. For example, a combined firm may eliminate duplicate channels of distribution, or crate a centralized training center, or introduce an integrated planning and control system.
- Synergy:- implies a situation where the combined firm is more valuable than the sum of the individual combining firms. It refers to benefits other than those related to economies of scale. Operating economies are one form of synergy benefits. But apart from operating economies, synergy may also arise from enhanced managerial capabilities, creativity, innovativeness, R&D and market coverage capacity due to the complementarity of resources and skills and a widened horizon of opportunities.

Diversifying the risks of the company, particularly when it acquires those businesses whose income streams are not correlated. Diversification implies growth through the combination of firms in unrelated businesses. It results in reduction of total risks through substantial reduction of cyclicality of operations. The combination of management and other systems strengthen the capacity of the combined firm to withstand the severity of the unforeseen economic factors which could otherwise endanger the survival of the individual companies.

A merger may result in financial synergy and benefits for the firm in many ways:-
- By eliminating financial constraints
- By enhancing debt capacity. This is because a merger of two companies can bring stability of cash flows which in turn reduces the risk of insolvency and enhances the capacity of the new entity to service a larger amount of debt
- By lowering the financial costs. This is because due to financial stability, the merged firm is able to borrow at a lower rate of interest.

Limiting the severity of competition by increasing the company's market power. A merger can increase the market share of the merged firm. This improves the profitability of the firm due to economies of scale. The bargaining power of the firm vis-à-vis labour, suppliers and buyers is also enhanced. The merged firm can exploit technological breakthroughs against obsolescence and price wars.

Note: In this research report, researcher considered two following objective of merger and acquisition:

To Enter in emerging markets
To improve product portfolio

Methodology

Step 1: First, list all the players present in Ureteral Stent Market were identified.(The list of companies was retrieved from the FDA site from Registration & Listing database)
- Number of companies that were identified in this step: 20

Step 2: The second step involved identifying and eliminating companies that are large, and established players or the subsidiaries of the big players in the industry.
- Number of companies eliminated in this step: 14
- Number of (small) companies of interest left: 6

Step 3: Once the large, and established players were eliminated, companies were compared based on various parameters and rated on the scale of 5 to identify the best target. Please check the following table and dashboard:
- Number of potential target companies: 6

Company	Headquartered	Stent Details	Company Type	2010 Revenue (Mn)	No of Employees	Geographical Revenue Share	R&D investment (Mn)	No. of Patent	Technology Focus
Applied Medical Resources Corp.	USA	Mesh ureteral stent C-flex ureteral stent Silicone ureteral stent Tethered ureteral stent C-flex ureteral stent Ureteral stent Silhouette pediatric stent	Manufacturer	$282	1900	USA: 62% Asia: 32% Rest of World: 6%	$38.3 (13%)	212	High
Bioteque Corp.	Taiwan	Bioteque Double Pigta	Contract Manufacturer; Contract Sterilizer; Manufacturer	$27.85	350	Taiwan: 100%	$1.4 (5%)	16	Medium
Hobbs Medical, Inc.	USA	HM Ureteral Double Pigtail Stent	Manufacturer	$2.30	22	USA: 97.2% Japan: 2.3% Others: 0.5%	$0.06 (2.87%)	1	Low
Lake Region Medical Limited	Ireland	M-Wires	Contract Manufacturer	$84.86	611	Europe: 68% USA: 21% Others: 11%	$8.48 (3.85%)	8	Medium
Martech Medical Products	USA	Ureteral Stent	Contract Manufacturer	$23.00	180	USA: 78.3% Europe: 12.7% Others: 9%	$1.1 (4.79%)	0	Low
Allium Medical	Israel	URS - Ureteral Stent TPS - Triangular Prostatic Stent BUS - Bulbar Urethral Stent RPS - Round Posterior Urethral Stent BIS - Biliary Stent	Manufaturer	$2.04	20	Domestic: 88.6% International: 11.4%	$0.082 (4%)	2	Low

Step 4: Finally, after an in-depth analysis of the potential target companies’ on various parameters, following companies identified to be best possible target companies.
- To improve Product Portfolio : Applied Medical Resources Corp.
- To enter in Emerging Markets : Bioteque Corp.

Company Profile

Applied Medical Resources Corp.

APPLIED MEDICAL RESOURCES CORP.
Revenues	2010: $280 million
Net profit (2010)	$20.89 million
R&D Investment	2010: $ 38.3 million (13% of revenues)
Number of employees	1900
Year Established	1987
Headquarters	USA
Key People	CEO: Said S. Hilal
Products & Technology	Specialty Areas:Cardiac/Vascular, Colorectal, GYN, Urology New Products:Epix (Laparoscopic Intrumentation), GelPOINT (Advanced Access Platform), Kii Fios (First EntrySystem)
Products in Ureteral Stent	C-flex ureteral stent, Silicone ureteral stent, Tethered ureteral stent, C-flex ureteral stent, Ureteral stent Silhouette pediatric stent
Geographical revenue breakdown (2010)	USA: $182.70 million (65%) Others: $99.47 million (35%)
Company Overview	Applied Medical Resources Corporation is a new generation medical device company founded in 1987 and headquartered in Southern California. It is involved in developing, manufacturing and marketing of innovative products for Minimally Invasive Surgery, Cardiac, Vascular, Urological, Colorectal, Bariatric, Obstetric, Gynecologic and General Surgery. The product portfolio covers 25 technologies and more than 700 products. The company has spread its business globally across 75 countries including Africa, Middle East,Americas, Caribbean, Asia, Australia and Europe through its network of international distributors.

Bioteque Corp.

Bioteque Corp.
Revenues	2010: $27.85 million
Net profit (2010)	$20.89 million
R&D Investment	2010: $38.3 million (13% of revenues)
Number of employees	350
Year Established	1991
Headquarters	Taiwan
Key People
Products & Technology	NEPHROLOGY, UROLOGY, RADIOLOGY, CARDIOLOGY, RESPIRATORY CARE CRITICAL CARE, IV ADMINISTRATION THERAPY, MOLDING PARTS
Products in Ureteral Stent	C-flex ureteral stent, Silicone ureteral stent, Tethered ureteral stent, C-flex ureteral stent, Ureteral stent Silhouette pediatric stent
Geographical revenue breakdown (2010)	NA
Company Overview	Bioteque Corporation manufactures and sells medical devices in Taiwan. It offers medical disposables for use in hemodialysis access, endovascular treatment, and other fields. It offers blood tubing lines, AVF needles, transducer protectors, and on line HDF with check valves or without check valves; IV infusion bags, precision IV infusion sets, drainage bags, insufflation tubing sets/filters, and various surgical drainage tubes; a range of medical components, which comprise blood tubing line components, percutaneous drainage components, infusion bag components, AVF needle components, precision IV infusion set components, and IV infusion bag components; a range of thermoplastic polyurethane catheters, including pigtail drainage catheter sets, double pigtail ureteral stent sets, biliary drainage catheters, percutaneous nephrostomy kits, and dialysis catheters; and other medical disposable products, such as closed suction catheters and artificial nose. The company also provides endovascular products, which consist of percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty, percutaneous transluminal angioplasty, angiography catheters, guiding catheters, sheath introducers, MRI/CT/angiography syringes, micro catheters, and hydrophilic coated guidewires. Bioteque Corporation was founded in 1991 and is based in Taipei, Taiwan.

M&A Due Diligence Process

Phase 1: Landscape overview

Ureteral Stent: Concept

An antimicrobial ureteral stent, which inhibits encrustation and bacterial colonization while maintaining patient comfort.

Ureteral stent: resists migration, resists fragmentation, is kink resistant and radiopaque.
Bacterial colonization: antimicrobial activity for up to two weeks.
Patient Comfort: stent has a low coefficient of fiiction (value) for ease of insertion and will soften on implant at body temperature to maintain patient comfort.

Background

Ureteral stents are used in urological surgery to maintain patency of the ureter to allow urine drainage from the renal pelvis to the bladder. These devices can be placed by a number of different endourological techniques. They are typically inserted through a cystoscope and may also be inserted intraoperatively. Indwelling ureteral stents help to reduce complications and morbidity subsequent to urological and surgical procedures. Frequently, ureteral stents are used to facilitate drainage in conjunction with Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy (ESWL) and after endoscopic procedures. They are also used to internally support anastomoses and prevent urine leakage after surgery. Ureteral stenting may almost eliminate the urological complications of renal transplantation.

The advent of ESWL and the more recent barrage of endourological techniques have increased the indications for ureteral stents (Candela and Bellman 1997). Indications for use include:

Treatment of ureteral or kidney stones
Ureteral trauma or stricture
Genitourinary reconstructive surgery
Hydronephrosis during pregnancy
Obstruction due to malignancy
Retroperitoneal fibrosis

The need for ureteral stents range from a few days to several months. For patients with serious urological problems, ureteral stent maintenance may become a life-long necessity. Unfortunately, there are many problems associated with using ureteral stents.

Ureteric stenting difficulties

Double-J and Pigtail ureteral stents

Common	Rare
Trigonal irritation Haematuria Fever Infection Tissue inflammation Encrustation Biofilm formation	Obstruction Kinking Ureteric rupture Ureteric perforation Stent misplacement Stent migration Stent misfit Stent forgotten Tissue hyperplasia

Today, elastomeric materials, such as silicones, polyurethanes and hydrogel-coated polyolefins are used, with no clear winner, which can withstand the urinary environment.

Although silicone has better long-term stability than other stent materials, its extreme flexibility makes it difficult to pass over guidewires and through narrow or tortuous ureters.
Polyethylene is stiffer and easier to use for patients with strictures; however, it has been known to become brittle with time leading to breakage and is no longer commercially available. * Polyurethane has properties that fall in between polyethylene and silicone; however, stent fracture also has been an issue with polyurethanes.

Attempts have been made to develop polymers with a combination of the best of all properties. The key players are C-Flex (Concept Polymer Technologies), Silitek and Percuflex (Boston Scientific).

C-Flex is proprietary silicone oil and mineral oil interpenetrated into a styrenelolefin block copolymer with the hope of reduced encrustation.
Silitek (Medical Engineering Corporation) is another silicone-based copolymer.
Percuflex is a proprietary olefinic block copolymer.

Metallic stents have been used recently to treat extrinsic ureteric obstructions. The effect of synthetic polymers on the urothelium of the urinary tract seems to be dependent on the bulk chemical composition of the polymer, the chemical composition of its surface, coatings on the device surface, smoothness of the surface and coefficient of friction.

Typically, most ureteral stents are made of relatively smooth catheters. Koleski et al., (2000) tested a longitudinally grooved ureteral stent made by Circon in the pig ureter. The results indicated that the grooved stent led to better drainage than a conventional stent. Their opinion is that the ureter wall has a better chance of collapsing over a smooth surface than a grooved surface, especially when debris is present. Stoller (2000) had the same experience with the SpiraStent(Urosurge Corp.). This helical stent was superior at passing stones than a conventional smooth stent.

There are a variety of ureteral stent configurations with different anchoring systems. Most stents today have a double pigtail anchoring system. (Tolley, 2000), Dunn et al, (2000) conducted a randomized, single-blind study comparing a Tail stent (proximal pigtail with a shaft which tapers to a lumenless straight tail) to a double pigtail stent. The Tail stent was found to be better tolerated than the double-pigtail concerning lower urinary tract irritative symptoms. A double-J ureteral stent and a flexible ureteropyeloscope are shown in the first diagram. The other two diagrams show a pigtail ureteral stent in place; the end of the pigtail is facing away fiom the ureteral opening in the second of these two diagrams.

Early adverse effects of ureteral stenting include lower abdominal pain, dysuria, fever, urinary frequency, nocturia and hematuria. Patient discomfort and microscopic hematuria happen often. Major late complications include stent migration, stent fragmentation or more serious hydronephrosis with flank pain and infections.

Late complications occurred in one third of the patients in a prospective study using both silicone and polyurethane double pigtail stents (110 stents) in 90 patients. Stent removal was necessary in these patients. Others also have found this percentage of late complications. Device-related urinary tract infection and encrustation can lead to significant morbidity and even death and are the primary factors limiting long-term use of indwelling devices in the urinary tract. Microbial biofilm and encrustation may lead to stone formation. This is typically not a problem when stents are used for short-term indications. Problems of biofilm formation, encrustation and stent fracture occur in patients with long-term indwelling stents.

Typically, manufacturers advise periodic stent evaluation. Cook polyurethane stent removal is recommend at 6 months and 12 months for silicone (Cook product literature). However, stents that are intended for long-term use are usually changed at regular intervals, as frequently as every 3 months.

Forgotten stents are a problem. Monga et al., 1995 found that 68% of stents forgotten more than 6 months were calcified and 10% were fragmented. Multiple urologic procedures were necessary to remove the stones. Long-term effects of these forgotten stents may lead to voiding dysfunction and renal insufficiency. Schlick, et al., 1998 are developing a biodegradable stent that will preclude the need for stent removal.

Encrustation

The urinary system presents a challenge because of its chemically unstable environment. Long-term biocompatibility and biodurability of devices have been problems due to the supersaturation of uromucoids and crystalloids at the interface between urine and the device. Encrustation of ureteral stents is a well-known problem, which can be treated easily if recognized early. However, severe encrustation leads to renal failure and is difficult to manage (Mohan-Pillai et al., 1999). All biomaterials currently used become encrusted to some extent when exposed to urine.

The encrusted deposits can harbor bacterial biofilms. In addition, they can render the biomaterial brittle which causes fracture in-situ, a serious problem especially associated with the use of polyethylene and polyurethane ureteral stents (although silicone stents have also been reported to fracture). Stent fragments can migrate to the bladder or renal pelvis with serious repercussions.

Surface science techniques were used to study three stent types after use in patients. The stent type, duration of insertion and age or sex of the patient did not correlate significantly with the amount of encrustation (Wollin et al., 1998). However, it has been suggested that factors which affect the amount of encrustation include the composition or the urine, the type of invading and colonizing bacteria and the structure and surface properties of the biomaterial used (Gorman 1995). A low surface energy surface seems to resist encrustation compared with a high surface energy surface (Denstedt et al., 1998).

Many different types of stone can form in the urinary tract. Calcium oxalate, calcium phosphate, uric acid and cystine stones are metabolic stones because they form as a result of metabolic dysfunction. They usually are excreted from the urinary tract. Struvite (magnesium ammonium phosphate) and hydroxyapatite (calcium phosphate) are associated with infection (infection stones). These account for 1520% of urinary calculi. ESWL is used to break up the larger infection stones because they don't pass; recurrence of the problem occurs with incomplete removal. Infection stones can manifest as poorly mineralized matrix stones, highly mineralized staghorn calculi or as bladder stones which often form in the presence of ureteral stents. Urea-splitting bacteria colonize the surface and cause alkalinization of the urine, which lowers the solubility of struvite and hydroxyapatite, and they deposit on the surface. Bacterial biofilm associated with encrustation is a common clinical occurrence. (Gorman and Tunney, 1997). It has been suggested that prevention of bacterial colonization would prevent encrustation because of their ultimate responsibility for its formation (Bibby et al., 1995).

An in vitro model was developed that produces encrustation similar to those seen in vivo (Tunney et al., 1996a). An experiment was conducted to compare the encrustation potential of various ureteral stent materials. The long-term struvite and hydroxyapatite encrustation of silicone, polyurethane, hydrogel-coated polyurethane, Silitek and Percuflex were compared. All of the materials developed encrustation, however, it was found by image analysis that the rates of encrustation varied on the different materials. Silicone had less encrustation (69% at 10 weeks) compared to the other materials (1 00%) at the same time point (Tunney et al., 1996b). Continuous flow models have also been developed which are more representative of conditions in the upper urinary tract. They are discussed by Gorman and Tunney, (1 997). Efforts to reduce encrustation using new materials, smoother surfaces and hydrogel coatings have been attempted.

A hydrogel-coated C-flex stent (Hydroplus, Boston Scientific) was shown to have less epithelial cell damage and encrustation than other biomaterials and was recommended by the investigators for long-term use (Cormio, 1995). In addition, a poly(ethy1ene oxide)/polyurethane composite hydrogel (Aquavenem, J & J) resisted intraluminal blockage in a urine flow model compared with silicone and polyurethane (Gorman et al., 1997a). Another advantage with Aquavene is that it is rigid in the dry state, which facilitates insertion past obstructions in the ureter and becomes soft on hydration providing comfort (Gorman and Tunney, 1997). Gorman et al. (1997b) concluded that the chance of stent fracture would be reduced if the ureteral stent side holes were eliminated. Urinary tract infection is another common major problem with the usage of ureteral stents. Initially, a conditioning film is deposited on the ureteral stent surface. The film is made up of proteins, electrolyte materials and other unidentified materials that obscure the surface properties of the stent material. Electrostatic interactions, the ionic strength and pH of the urine and differences in fluid surface tensions affect bacterial adhesion to the conditioning film. Subsequently, a microbial biofilm forms over time. The biofilm is composed of bacterial cells embedded in a hydrated, predominantly anionic mixture of bacterial exopolysaccharides and trapped host extracellular macromolecules.

Obstruction

Obstruction of urine flow and urinary tract sepsis can result in continued growth of the biofilm. Colonization of devices implanted in the urinary tract can lead to dysfunction, tissue intolerance, pain, subclinical or overt infection and even urosepsis. Device related infections are difficult to treat and device removal is usually necessary. The biofilm has been found to impede the diffusion of antibiotics; in addition, the bacteria in the biofilm have a decreased metabolic rate , which also protects them against the effects of antibiotics (Wollin et al., 1998). Riedl, et al. (1 999) found 100% ureteral stent colonization rates in permanent and 69.3% in temporary stents. Antibiotic prophylaxis did not prevent bacterial colonization and it was recommended that it not be used. On the other hand, Tieszer, et al. (1 998) believe that fluoroquinolones can prevent infection. They also have found that some stents have denser encrustation than others, however, the stent material did not change the elements of the "conditioning film" adsorbed or alter its receptivity to bacterial biofilms.

Infection

The predictive value of urine cultures in the assessment of stent colonization was examined in 65 patients with indwelling ureteral stents. It was found that a sterile urine culture did not rule out the stent itself being colonized (Lifshitz, et al., 1999). Patients with sterile urine culture may benefit from prophylactic antibiotics; however, the authors contended that the antibiotics must work against gram-negative uropathogens and gram-positive bacteria including enterococci. It is obvious that there is controversy in the literature whether prophylactic systemic antibiotics are useful with ureteral stent implant. However, antibiotics do not seem to prevent stent colonization. Denstedt et al. (1998) have found that ciprofloxacin, with a 3 day burst every 2 weeks, actually is adsorbed onto the stent which makes longer term treatment possible with reduced risk of bacterial resistance. There has been research targeted at coating or impregnating urinary catheters with antimicrobials and products are on the market, however, there are no antimicrobial ureteral stents approved by the FDA.

The market need

It is clear that there is a need for a new material that will be able to resist encrustation and infection in the urinary tract. According to Merrill Lynch, ureteral stents represent an $80 MM US market. Boston Scientific is in the lead with ~50% of the market followed by Maxxim (Circon), Cook and Bard is a smaller player. There are a number of other small contenders.

The use of ureteral stents is increasing; the indications for ureteral stenting have broadened from temporary or permanent relief or ureteric obstruction to include temporary urinary diversion following surgical procedures such as endopyelotomy and ureteroscopy and facilitation of stone clearance after ESWL (Tolley, 2000).

The use of ureteral stents for patients having ESWL for renal calculi is however controversial and seems to be related to the size of the stones and invasiveness of the procedure. According to survey results reported by Hollowell, et al. (2000), there is a significant difference in opinion concerning the use of stents with ESWL.

The number of ureteral stents used in patients with stones 2 cm or less treated with ESWL is significant in spite of the lack scientific evidence in support of this practice. Of 1,029 urologists returning surveys, for patients with renal pelvic stones 10, 15 or 20 rnm treated with ESWL, routine stent placement was preferred by 25.3%, 57.1 % and 87.1 %, respectively. Urologists recommend using ureteroscopy rather than ESWL for distal ureteral calculi 5-1 0 mm.

Intellectual property

Search strategy

Databases searched: US-G, US-A, EP-A, EP-B, WO, JP, DE, GB, FR
Search scope: Title, Abstract or Claims
Years: 1981-July 2008
Search query: (ureter* OR urether* OR ureth* OR uretr*) AND (stent*) AND (*microb* OR *bacter*)
Results: 177 patents (82 unique patent families)

Sample patents

Patent	Assignee	Title	Abstract
US6468649 B1	SCIMED LIFE SYSTEMS INC	Antimicrobial adhesion surface	The present invention provides an implantable medical device having a substrate with a hydrophilic coating composition to limit in vivo colonization of bacteria and fungi. The hydrophilic coating composition includes a hydrophilic polymer with a molecular weight in the range from about 100, 000 to about 15 million selected from copolymers acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, isocrotonic acid and combinations thereof.
US5554147 A	CApHCO, Inc.	Compositions and devices for controlled release of active ingredients	A method for the controlled release of a biologically active agent wherein the agent is released from a hydrophobic, pH-sensitive polymer matrix is disclosed and claimed. The polymer matrix swells when the environment reaches pH 8.5, releasing the active agent. A polymer of hydrophobic and weakly acidic comonomers is disclosed for use in the controlled release system. Further disclosed is a specific embodiment in which the controlled release system may be used. The pH-sensitive polymer is coated onto a latex catheter used in ureteral catheterization. A common problem with catheterized patients is the infection of the urinary tract with urease-producing bacteria. In addition to the irritation caused by the presence of the bacteria, urease produced by these bacteria degrade urea in the urine, forming carbon dioxide and ammonia. The ammonia causes an increase in the pH of the urine. Minerals in the urine begin to precipitate at this high pH, forming encrustations which complicate the functioning of the catheter. A ureteral catheter coated with a pH-sensitive polymer having an antibiotic or urease inhibitor trapped within its matrix will release the active agent when exposed to the high pH urine as the polymer gel swells. Such release can be made slow enough so that the drug remains at significant levels for a clinically useful period of time.
US20030153983 A1	SCIMED LIFE SYSTEMS INC	Implantable or insertable medical device resistant to microbial growth and biofilm formation	Disclosed are implantable or insertable medical devices that provide resistance to microbial growth on and in the environment of the device and resistance to microbial adhesion and biofilm formation on the device. In particular, the invention discloses implantable or insertable medical devices that comprise at least one biocompatible matrix polymer region, an antimicrobial agent for providing resistance to microbial growth and a microbial adhesion/biofilm synthesis inhibitor for inhibiting the attachment of microbes and the synthesis and accumulation of biofilm on the surface of the medical device. Also disclosed are methods of manufacturing such devices under conditions that substantially prevent preferential partitioning of any of said bioactive agents to a surface of the biocompatible matrix polymer and substantially prevent chemical modification of said bioactive agents

Urinary Problems in men and women

Both men and women have an increased risk for urinary incontinence as they get older, with men's rates rising steadily and women's rates peaking during menopause.
The prevalence of incontinence in men of all ages is certainly lower than that for women.
Women over 70, however, are twice as likely to have urinary incontinence as men of the same age.

Source: Urinary prevalence men Vs women

Market Analysis

We determined market data to have an idea about the market potential for ureteral stents.
We have done this modeling for female population in US as women has the higher prevalence rate for urinary incontinence than men in all age groups.
Prevalence increased with age, from 28% for 30- to 39-year-old women to 55% for 80- to 90-year-old women.
18% of respondents reported severe UI.
The prevalence of severe UI also increased notably with age, from 8% for 30- to 39-year-old women to 33% for 80- to 90-year-old women.
Among all, 9% reported slight UI, 15% reported moderate UI, 18% reported severe UI, and 58% reported no UI.

Methodology

Prevalence rate in US (women)

Prevalence of Urinary Incontinence in US (women)
Age (in yrs)	Population with Urinary incontinence (in %)
30-39	28%
40-49	41%
50-59	48%
60-69	51%
70-79	55%
80-90	54%

Source: Archives of internal medicine

Urinary incontinence severity among different age groups in US women

Source: Archives of internal medicine

Market potential for ureteral stent in US (women)

Market potential for ureteral stents in US women, 2009
1. Age groups	2. Female population (from US census data)	3. Prevalence rate in female (%)	4. Market potential (total prevalence) (2*3)	5. Catherization rate (%)	6. Stent market based on catherization rate (4*5)
30-39	20128402	28%	5635953	0.043%	2423
40-49	22074384	41%	9050497	0.123%	11132
50-59	20929761	48%	10046285	0.124%	12457
60-69	14605565	51%	7448838	0.160%	11918
70-79	9046207	55%	4975414	0.172%	8558
≥ 80	7216598	54%	3896963	0.044%	1715
Total			41053950		48203

Prevalence rate in US women is growing at a CAGR of 1.19%
Ureteral stent market is growing at a CAGR of 1.47%

Ureteral stent market forecast in US (women)

Detailed model workbook

Ureteral stent companies

Various companies offering ureteral stents are:

Ureteral stents of various companies

Boston Scientific

Contour VL Variable Length Percuflex Stents

Inward spiral design of Nautilus Coil minimizes tissue contact for enhanced comfort. Dual variable length coil geometry permits balanced stent positioning to minimize the risk of migration. HydroPlus Coating provides unequalled surface lubricity which reduces friction to minimize risk of buckling during introduction and placement and to reduce risk of trauma and encrustation.

Source: www.bostonscientific.com

Percuflex Stents

High coil strength pigtail shape prevent stent migration
Thin wall promotes drainage and patency
Multiple, large side ports promote drainage
Attached suture for positioning and subsequent removal without the need for repeat cystoscopy

Source: www.bostonscientific.com

Polaris Ultra Ureteral Stent

Ultra Ureteral Stent provides the ease of placement benefits of a firm stent graduated into a soft bladder coil
Co-extrusion combines a firm durometer Percuflex Plus Material and a soft durometer Percuflex Material in the same stent
Nautilus bladder coil potentially reduce bladder irritation, and a relaxed renal coil facilitate ease of removal

Source: www.bostonscientific.com

Cook Group

Bander Ureteral Diversion Stent Set

It is used for intraoperative placement to stent the ureter during ureteroileal conduit construction and continent urinary diversions. Set includes: 2 stents, 2 catheter retainers and wire guide.

Source: www.cookmedical.com

C-Flex Double Pigtail Ureteral Stent Set

It is used for temporary internal drainage from the ureteropelvic junction to the bladder. Set includes stent, wire guide, stent positioner and catheter.

Source: www.cookmedical.com

Towers Peripheral Ureteral Stent Set

It is also used for temporary internal drainage from the ureteropelvic junction to the bladder. The stent configuration allows peripheral as well as luminal drainage. Set Includes: Stent, Wire Guide, Catheter, and Stent Positioner.

Source: www.cookmedical.com

Applied medicals

7-10 endopyelotomy stent

It is used by urologists for endopyelotomy and endoureterotomy. The dual diameter promotes optimal healing while minimizing the discomfort often associated with larger diameter stents.

Source: www.appliedmed.com

Redi-Tech Medical Products

Ureteral stents set

Attached suture for positioning and subsequent removal without the need for repeat cystoscopy
Multiple, large side ports promote drainage
Radiopaque stent markings aid in placement and sizing

Source: www.redi-tech.com

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Clinical Trials

New trials

Title	Conditions	Intervention	Sponsors and Collaborators
Assessment of Drug-Eluting Ureteral Stent on Bacterial Adherence and Biofilm Formation	Renal Calculi, Ureteral Obstruction	Device: Ureteral Stent	Lawson Health Research Institute, Boston Scientific Corporation
Memokath® 044TW Stent for Treatment of Urethral Stricture	Urethral Stricture	Device: Memokath stenting	Engineers & Doctors Wallsten Medical Group
Study to Determine if There Are Specific Clinical Factors to Determine Stent Encrustation	Kidney Stones	N\A	University of California, Irvine
Ureteral Stent Length and Patient Symptoms	Kidney Stones	Device: Ureteral Stent	Emory University
Drainage of Malignant Extrinsic Ureteral Obstruction Using the Memokath Ureteral Stent	Ureteral Obstruction	Device: Memokath 051 Ureteral Stent	Mayo Clinic Engineers & Doctors Wallsten Medical Group
A Prospective Comparison Between Ureteral Stent and Nephrostomy Tube for an Urgent Drainage of Obstructed Kidney (JJVsPCN08)	Kidney Disease	Device: nephrostomy tube and ureteral stent	Rabin Medical Center

Concluded trials

Title	Abstract	Enrollment	Disorder	Conclusion
Long-term outcome of permanent urethral stents in the treatment of detrusor-sphincter dyssynergia	To evaluate the long-term efficacy of a permanently implanted urethral stent in the treatment of spinally injured patients with detrusor-sphincter dyssynergia.	13	Detrusor-sphincter dyssynergia	Stenting is an effective alternative to sphincterotomy in the long-term, although secondary bladder neck obstruction is a frequent problem.
Nephrostomy Tube or 'JJ' Ureteric Stent in Ureteric Obstruction: Assessment of Patient Perspectives Using Quality-of-Life Survey and Utility Analysis	Upper urinary tract obstruction is often relieved by either a percutaneous nephrostomy tube (PCN) or a ureteric stent. Both can cause considerable morbidity and reduce patient's health-related quality of life (QoL). We have compared the QoL in these 2 groups.	34	Upper urinary tract obstruction	Patients with 'JJ' stents have significantly more irritative urinary symptoms and a high chance of local discomfort than patients with nephrostomy tubes (PCN). However, based on the EuroQol analysis, there is no significant difference in the gross impact on the health-related QoL or the utility between these groups indicating no patient preference for either modality of treatment.
Impact of stents on urological complications and health care expenditure in renal transplant recipients: results of a prospective, randomized clinical trial.	A randomized, prospective trial to compare the incidence of early urological complications and health care expenditures in renal transplant recipients with or without ureteral stenting.	201	Renal transplant recipient	Using a ureteral stent at renal transplantation significantly decreases the early urinary complications of urine leakage and obstruction. However, there is a significant increase in urinary tract infections, primarily beyond 30 days after transplantation. Stent removal within 4 weeks of insertion appears advisable.

Adverse Events

S. No.	Brand Name	Adverse Event	Date FDA Received
1	Cook Urologicals Cook Urological Stent	Stent broke into pieces while removing it from the patients body.	12/14/2005
2	Boston Scoientific Boston Scientific Ureteral stent System	Fractured stent seen under Fluroscopy	10/17/2007
3	Boston Scoientific Boston Scientific Ureteral Stent System Kit 8 FR X 24 CM	During insertion of ureteral stent, the stent broke into multiple parts which were retained in the patient.	10/14/2005
4	Boston Scientific Corp Boston Scientific 8 FR X 28 CM Ureteral Stent System Kit	Breakage of the upper loop of the ureteral stent while trying to insert it.	1/5/2005
5	Boston Scientific Bostoon Scientific Micro Vasive Contour VL Ureteral Stent	Broken stent observed during x-ray procedure.	12/12/2003

Review Articles
Non Patent Analysis

Products

Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc.	Cook Urological Incorporated	OptiMed Global Care
Polaris™ Ultra Ureteral Stent	Firlit-Kluge Urethral Stent	Opti-J Ureteral Stent System
Polaris™ Loop Ureteral Stent	Koyle Diaper Stent	Ureteral Stent Sets, ureterorenoscope
Stretch™ VL Variable Length Flexima® Stents	Silicone Universal Drainage Stent	Extra Strong Stent Sets (-Tumor)
	Tarkington Urethral Stent Set	Steerable Ureteral Stent Sets
	Zaontz Urethral Stent	Multilength
	Pediatric Urethral C-Stent

Startup activity

AbbeyMoor Medical Inc., a med-tech firm that’s developed devices for treating urological disorders, has raised $2.7 million in bridge financing.

Phase 2: Deeper Dive

Scenario

Client wishes to acquire a ureteral stent company.

Deal analysis for a target company

Deal implications

Design History File Review: Review components

Review	Verification	Tasks	Expertise
Design Input	Design input documents for sufficiency	Access electronic data room. Check what documents are provided. Compare document list with standard client document list. Check whether each specified document has appropriate content.	Quality systems
Design Input	Design input documents linked to the product performance specifications	Compare product specifications to design inputs Check whether appropriate verifications and validations are performed Establish if all specifications are linked to design inputs	Quality systems
Product Performance Specifications (PPS)	Design inputs correlate adequately to the specifications; DV&V (design verification and validation) criteria are based on risk management documentation or if the criteria are based on sound statistical sampling plans	Compare product specifications to design inputs Check whether appropriate verifications and validations are performed Establish if all specifications are linked to design inputs	Quality systems, CAD
	Appropriate design verification and validations (DV&V) are performed	Show DV&V criteria are based on risk management requirements
	Product performance specifications correspond to appropriate design output documents	Correlate design drawings with the specifications Check whether maximum dimensions, sizes etc. (with tolerances) are within the specified range
Risk Management Documents	Risk Analysis, Design Failure Modes and Effects Analysis (DFMEA), Process FMEA, other risk management documentation	Check whether documentation is available Check whether it adheres to appropriate ISO 14971 standards Check whether it adheres to appropriate client standards	Quality systems
	DFMEA links appropriately to the PPS	Verify whether DFMEA and product specifications are correlated
	Appropriate DV&V reports and design output documents are referenced correctly as risk mitigation activities in the DFMEA	Validate the process and correlate with design inputs Validate that sizes used are within range of risk mitigation criteria
	PFMEA links appropriately to the process validation protocol acceptance criteria; In-process inspection procedures and/or manufacturing procedures are recorded as appropriate risk mitigation activities in the PFMEA	Validate the process protocol Validate the inspection procedures used
Design Output Documents	Completeness of drawings	Check if the CAD diagrams overlay and "fit" perfectly Check tolerance stackups	Quality systems, CAD
Design Output Documents	Correlate First Article Inspection data to the dimensions on the drawings	Obtain First Article Inspection data Check if this data correlates with the completeness of drawings	Quality systems, CAD
Manufacturing Documents	Manufacturing procedures, component specifications, raw material specifications, incoming and in-process inspection procedures for completeness	Verify the Bill of Materials corresponds to raw materials and manufacturing procedures Correlate incoming and in-process inspection procedures with the process specifications	Material science, manufacturing engineering, quality systems
	Linkage between component and raw material specifications and appropriate incoming inspection procedures	Identify any missing documentation for inspection procedures
	Inspection procedures have adequate sampling plans based on PFMEA risk mitigation levels – this includes packaging and labeling materials	Review supplier audit reports for compliance
	Calibration records and preventive maintenance records; in-process / incoming inspection test methods and related test method validations	Check the entire equipment-related lifecycle Check if machine operational qualification was performed Check if the measurement equipment was validated
Validation Report	DV&V reports, Shelf-life reports, Biocompatibility test reports, Sterilization reports, Packaging Validation reports, Process Validation Reports	Ensure all reports are available and linked together appropriately Identify all inconsistencies across different reports	Quality systems
Validation Report	Design test methods and related test method validations	Compare test methods used to those in client and ISO standards Identify inconsistencies across test methods	Quality systems

Sample report

Performance/Functional Characteristics

Design Input				Design Output	Design Verification Report #	Status (P/F/R)	Design Validation Report #	Status (P/F/R)
User Needs	User Need Rationale	Engineering Specification	Engineering Specification Rationale	Design Output	Design Verification Report #	Status (P/F/R)	Design Validation Report #	Status (P/F/R)
Provide antimicrobial resistance for up to 2 weeks	Ureteral Stent User Survey (Document #XXXXX)	Stent must have chlorohexadine surface concentration of 10-20 mg/cm2 for 3 weeks	Document #XXXXX	Test Document #XXXXX	Report 01-005-06-007	P	Report 01-005-06-007	P

Potential DHF Review Outcomes

Based on a review of the above DHF documents a potential outcome for the uretral stent acquisition project could involve the following:

Better explanation of existing design input documents and also better linkage between the design inputs and product specifications.
Creation of some new test methods for design, incoming and in-process inspections and also include recommendations for the test method validations. Creation of any new DV&V data would be highly unlikely as it could potentially trigger a new submission or a note-to-file to the regulatory agencies.
Change in raw materials to better grade materials e.g. Switching resin to a USP Class VI biocompatible resin. This would eliminate some on-going testing but require additional upfront one time biocompatibility testing.
Updating drawings based on results from the FAI data.
Converting existing Company Y documents into Company X format and identifying potential gaps and streamlining linkage between raw material specifications and inspection procedures.
Identifying installation, operational and process qualification requirements with the assumption that no additional design verification and validation activities are required based on the fact that the device is currently approved for sale in the US and ROW.
Recommend activities necessary for completing packaging, labeling, ship testing and shelf-life testing. Stress should be on being able to leverage existing data for shelf-life without changing the regulatory status of the device.
Company X may want to perform additional biocompatibility testing to create an internal baseline and also update their biocompatibility files.
Help streamline suppliers for components when switching over from Company Y to Company X. Search for existing Company X suppliers that can supply off the shelf items that Company Y may be sourcing from other vendors / suppliers.
Identify process improvements that can be rolled into the manufacturing transfer without changing the design and impacting the existing regulatory status for the device e.g. instead of hand mixing pigment to resin use a pre-mixer to control quality of mixing and resulting extrusion or perform the molding and over-molding steps in 1 machine instead of 2 separate molding machines.

Phase 3: Post-acquisition integration

Deadlines

Goal: Switch production transparently to new facilities transparently to the distribution system

Stage	Tasks	Milestone payment	Date
Design center integration plan	Gap analysis completion (acquiree) Gap analysis completion (acquirer)		September 15, 2008
Design to manufacturing transfer			December 15, 2008
Equipment transfer		Milestone I payment	Jan 7, 2009
Shut production at acquiree facility	Negotiation for contract extension	Milestone II payment	Feb 15, 2009
Start production in acquirer facility			Feb 7, 2009
Switch to new SKU			Feb 15, 2009
End development of new generation product/s in old facility			Feb 7, 2009
Restart development of new generation product/s post-acquisition		Final milestone payment	Mar 1, 2009

Documents and Ownership

Document	Owner	Last update date
Product performance specifications	Paul Swain	07/27/2008 08:15:35 PST
Component specifications	Kevin Teller	06/12/2008 12:22:07 PST
Preclinical test results	Joanne Krannert	07/03/2008 14:17:00 PST
Clinical tests	Joanne Krannert	08/01/2008 08:00:55 PST

Ureteral stents regulatory issues

The FDA classifies a ureteric stent as follows:

TITLE 21 - FOOD AND DRUGS
CHAPTER I - FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES
SUBCHAPTER H - MEDICAL DEVICES
PART 876 - GASTROENTEROLOGY-UROLOGY DEVICES
Subpart E - Surgical Devices
Sec. 876.4620 - Ureteral stent.
Classification - class II device Code of Federal Regulations

Pre-Market Notification

Section 510(k) of the Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act requires device manufacturers who must register, to notify FDA of their intent to market a medical device at least 90 days in advance, also known as Premarket Notification. This premarket submission demonstrates to the FDA that the device to be marketed is atleast as safe and effective, that is, substantially equivalent, to a legally marketed device. Parties required to submit a 510(k) to the FDA include domestic or foreign manufacturers introducing a device to the U.S. market, as well as specification developers and repackers/relabelers.

A 510(k) is required when:

Introducing a device into commercial distribution (marketing) for the first time.
Proposed different intended use for a device already in commercial distribution.
Change or modification of a legally marketed device.

510(k) “Substantial Equivalence” Decision Making Process

Some of the companies active in the field of ureteral stents have been represented in the table below. (This is not an exhaustive list and is just a sample)

Sr. No.	Company	Device	Approval	Date of Approval	Material	Technology	Indwelling time (days)	Image
1	Bard Urological	InLay Optima	FDA 510(k)	Dec 2004	Silicone	Double pigtail with monofilament suture loop	365	InLay Optima
2	Boston Scientific	Polaris Loop	FDA 510(k)	Mar 2003	Dual Durometer Percuflex with HydroPlus Coating	Bladder loop design	365	Polaris Loop
3	Cook Medical	Resonance	FDA 510(k)	May 2007	Metal	Temporary stenting	365	Resonance
4	Fossa Medical	Stone Sweeper	FDA 510(k)	Aug 2002	Polyurethane	Spiral radially expanding stent	13	Stone Sweeper
4	Fossa Medical	Stone Sweeper	CE Mark	Sep 2005	Polyurethane	Spiral radially expanding stent	13	Stone Sweeper
5	Pnn Medical A/S	Memokath 051	CE Mark	1995	Nickel-titanium shape memory alloy	Double fluted ended spiral stent	240	Memokath 051

Timeline Sheet

Ureteral Stent Timeline

References

1- http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Demographics_of_the_United_States

2- http://www.wrongdiagnosis.com/c/catheter_infection/stats.htm?ktrack=kcplink

3- http://www.fda.gov/downloads/ScienceResearch/SpecialTopics/WomensHealthResearch/UCM247851.pdf

4- http://www.managementparadise.com/forums/principles-management-p-o-m/208329-swot-analysis-boston-scientific-corporation.html

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Patent Categorization: Interactive mind map linked to Dolcera Dashboard

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Screenshot for the product to patent mapping(Bard and Boston)

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Mapped Patent vs Not Mapped Patents

C R Bard

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Key Artifacts

Removed Sections

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-This report presents a brief introduction to wind energy and technologies available for horizontal wind turbines. A detailed taxonomy for horizontal axis wind turbines is presented covering parts of the turbine, control systems, applications among others. A detailed landscape analysis of patent and non-patent literature is done with a focus on Doubly-fed Induction Generators (DFIG) used in the horizontal axis wind turbines for efficient power generation. The product information of major players in the market is also captured for Doubly-fed Induction Generators. The final section of the report covers the existing and future market predictions for wind energy-based power generation.
+[[Wiki section]]
-[[Image:Wind_Flowchart.PNG|right|580px|thumb|Process Flow]]
-<br>
+==Process to Identify Possible Acquisition Targets==
-=Introduction=
-* We have been using wind power at least since 5000 BC to propel sailboats and sailing ships, and architects have used wind-driven natural ventilation in buildings since similarly ancient times. The use of wind to provide mechanical power came later.
-* Harnessing renewable alternative energy is the ideal way to tackle the energy crisis, with due consideration given to environmental pollution, that looms large over the world.
-* Renewable energy is also called "clean energy" or "green power" because it doesn’t pollute the air or the water. Wind energy is one such renewable energy source that harnesses natural wind power.<br>
+Before identifying the possible acquisition targets, first companies needs to identify the objective of the merger and acquisition.
-== Read More? ==
-Click on '''[[Wind Energy Background]]''' to read more about wind energy.
-In order to overcome the problems associated with fixed speed wind turbine system and to maximize the wind energy capture, many new wind farms are employing variable speed wind energy conversion systems (WECS) with doubly-fed induction generator (DFIG). It is the most popular and widely used scheme for the wind generators due to its advantages.
+===Advantage of Mergers and Acquisitions===
-For variable-speed systems with limited variable-speed range, e.g. ±30% of synchronous speed, the doubly-fed induction generator(DFIG) can be an interesting solution. This is mainly due to the fact that the power electronic converter only has to handle a fraction (20-30%) of the total power as the converters are connected to the rotor and not to the stator. Therefore, the losses in the power electronic converter can be reduced, compared to a system where the converter has to handle the total power. The overall structure of wind power generation through DFIG as shown in the figure below.
+The most common motives and advantages of mergers and acquisitions are:-
-=Market Research=
+*Accelerating a company's growth, particularly when its internal growth is constrained due to paucity of resources. Internal growth requires that a company should develop its operating facilities- manufacturing, research, marketing, etc. But, lack or inadequacy of resources and time needed for internal development may constrain a company's pace of growth. Hence, a company can acquire production facilities as well as other resources from outside through mergers and acquisitions. Specially, for entering in new products/markets, the company may lack technical skills and may require special marketing skills and a wide distribution network to access different segments of markets. The company can acquire existing company or companies with requisite infrastructure and skills and grow quickly.
-==The History of Wind Energy==
-To read about '''the History of Wind Energy''', '''[http://dolcera.com/wiki/index.php?title=The_History_of_Wind_Energy click here]'''
+*Enhancing profitability because a combination of two or more companies may result in more than average profitability due to cost reduction and efficient utilization of resources. This may happen because of:-
+**Economies of scale:- arise when increase in the volume of production leads to a reduction in the cost of production per unit. This is because, with merger, fixed costs are distributed over a large volume of production causing the unit cost of production to decline. Economies of scale may also arise from other indivisibilities such as production facilities, management functions and management resources and systems. This is because a given function, facility or resource is utilized for a large scale of operations by the combined firm.
+**Operating economies:- arise because, a combination of two or more firms may result in cost reduction due to operating economies. In other words, a combined firm may avoid or reduce over-lapping functions and consolidate its management functions such as manufacturing, marketing, R&D and thus reduce operating costs. For example, a combined firm may eliminate duplicate channels of distribution, or crate a centralized training center, or introduce an integrated planning and control system.
+**Synergy:- implies a situation where the combined firm is more valuable than the sum of the individual combining firms. It refers to benefits other than those related to economies of scale. Operating economies are one form of synergy benefits. But apart from operating economies, synergy may also arise from enhanced managerial capabilities, creativity, innovativeness, R&D and market coverage capacity due to the complementarity of resources and skills and a widened horizon of opportunities.
-==Global Wind Energy Market==
+*Diversifying the risks of the company, particularly when it acquires those businesses whose income streams are not correlated. Diversification implies growth through the combination of firms in unrelated businesses. It results in reduction of total risks through substantial reduction of cyclicality of operations. The combination of management and other systems strengthen the capacity of the combined firm to withstand the severity of the unforeseen economic factors which could otherwise endanger the survival of the individual companies.
-===Market Overview===
-* In the year 2010, the wind capacity reached worldwide '''196’630 Megawatt''', after '''159’050 MW''' in 2009, '''120’903 MW''' in 2008, and '''93’930 MW''' in 2007.
-[[Image:World_Installed1.PNG|center|600px|thumb|Source: [http://www.wwindea.org/home/images/stories/pdfs/worldwindenergyreport2010_s.pdf World Wind Energy Report, 2010]]]
-* Wind power showed a growth rate of '''23.6 %''', the lowest growth since 2004 and the second lowest growth of the past decade.
-* For the first time in more than two decades, the market for new wind turbines was smaller than in the previous year and reached an overall size of '''37’642 MW''', after 38'312 MW in 2009.
-[[Image:New.PNG|center|600px|thumb|Source: [http://www.wwindea.org/home/images/stories/pdfs/worldwindenergyreport2010_s.pdf World Wind Energy Report, 2010]]]
-* All wind turbines installed by the end of 2010 worldwide can generate '''430 Tera watt hours per annum''', more than the total electricity demand of the United Kingdom, the sixth largest economy of the world, and equaling 2.5 % of the global electricity consumption.
-* In the year 2010, altogether '''83 countries''', one more than in 2009, used wind energy for electricity generation. 52 countries increased their total installed capacity, after 49 in the previous year.
-* The turnover of the wind sector worldwide reached '''40 billion Euros (55 billion US$) in 2010''', after 50 billion Euros (70 billion US$) in the year 2009. The decrease is due to lower prices for wind turbines and a shift towards China.
-* China became number one in total installed capacity and the center of the international wind industry, and added '''18’928 Megawatt''' within one year, accounting for more than 50 % of the world market for new wind turbines.
-* The wind sector in 2010 employed '''670’000 persons''' worldwide.
-* Nuclear disaster in Japan and oil spill in Gulf of Mexico will have long-term impact on the prospects of wind energy. Governments need to urgently reinforce their wind energy policies.
-* WWEA sees a global capacity of '''600’000 Megawatt''' as possible by the year 2015 and more than '''1’500’000 Megawatt''' by the year 2020.
-Source: [http://www.wwindea.org/home/images/stories/pdfs/worldwindenergyreport2010_s.pdf World Wind Energy Report, 2010]
+*A merger may result in financial synergy and benefits for the firm in many ways:-
+**By eliminating financial constraints
+**By enhancing debt capacity. This is because a merger of two companies can bring stability of cash flows which in turn reduces the risk of insolvency and enhances the capacity of the new entity to service a larger amount of debt
+**By lowering the financial costs. This is because due to financial stability, the merged firm is able to borrow at a lower rate of interest.
-===Global Market Forecast===
+*Limiting the severity of competition by increasing the company's market power. A merger can increase the market share of the merged firm. This improves the profitability of the firm due to economies of scale. The bargaining power of the firm vis-à-vis labour, suppliers and buyers is also enhanced. The merged firm can exploit technological breakthroughs against obsolescence and price wars.
-* Global Wind Energy Outlook 2010, provides forecast under  [http://dolcera.com/wiki/index.php?title=Forecast_Scenarios three different scenarios] - Reference, Moderate and Advanced.
-* The Global Cumulative Wind Power Capacity is estimated to reach 572,733 MW by the year 2030, under the Reference Scenario
-* The Global Cumulative Wind Power Capacity is estimated to reach 1,777,550 MW by the year 2030, under the Moderate Scenario
-* The Global Cumulative Wind Power Capacity is estimated to reach 2,341,984 MW by the year 2030, under the Advanced Scenario
-* The following chart shows the Global Cumulative Wind Power Capacity Forecast,under the different scenarios:
-[[Image:Global_Forecast.PNG|center|618*363px|thumb|Global Cumulative Wind Power Capacity Forecast, Source: [http://www.gwec.net/fileadmin/documents/Publications/GWEO%202010%20final.pdf Global Wind Energy Outlook 2010]]]
+'''Note:''' In this research report, researcher considered two following objective of merger and acquisition:
+#To Enter in emerging markets
+#To improve product portfolio
-Source: [http://www.gwec.net/fileadmin/documents/Publications/GWEO%202010%20final.pdf Global Wind Energy Outlook 2010]
+===Methodology===
-===Market Growth Rates===
+* '''Step 1''': First, list all the players present in Ureteral Stent Market were identified.(The list of companies was retrieved from the FDA site from Registration & Listing database)
-* The growth rate is the relation between the new installed wind power capacity and the installed capacity of the previous year.
+** Number of companies that were identified in this step: 20
-* With '''23.6 %''', the year 2010 showed the second lowest growth rate of the last decade.
-[[Image:World_Market_Growth Rates.PNG|center|600px|thumb|World Market Growth Rates, Source: [http://www.wwindea.org/home/images/stories/pdfs/worldwindenergyreport2010_s.pdf World Wind Energy Report, 2010]]]
+* '''Step 2''': The second step involved identifying and eliminating companies that are large, and established players or the subsidiaries of the big players in the industry.
+**Number of companies eliminated in this step: 14
+**Number of (small) companies of interest left: 6
-* Before 2010, the annual growth rate had continued to increase since the year 2004, '''peaking in 2009 at 31.7%''', the highest rate since 2001.
+* '''Step 3''': Once the large, and established players were eliminated, companies were compared based on various parameters and rated on the scale of 5 to identify the best target. Please check the following table and dashboard:
-* The highest growth rates of the year 2010 by country can be found in '''Romania''', which increased its capacity by 40 times.
+**Number of potential target companies: 6
-* The second country with a growth rate of more than 100 % was '''Bulgaria (112%)'''.
-* In the year 2009, four major wind markets had more than doubled their wind capacity: '''China, Mexico, Turkey, and Morocco'''.
-* Next to China, strong growth could be found mainly in '''Eastern European and South Eastern European''' countries: Romania, Bulgaria, Turkey, Lithuania, Poland, Hungary, Croatia and Cyprus, and Belgium.
-* Africa (with the exception of Egypt and Morocco) and Latin America (with the exception of Brazil), are again lagging behind the rest of the world in the commercial use of wind power.
-* The Top 10 countries by Growth Rate are shown in the figure listed below (only markets bigger than 200 MW have been considered):
-[[Image:Top_Growth_Countries.PNG|center|600px|thumb|Top Countries by Market Growth Rates, Source: [http://www.wwindea.org/home/images/stories/pdfs/worldwindenergyreport2010_s.pdf World Wind Energy Report, 2010]]]
+<br/>
-==Geographical Market Distribution==
+{|border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" width="100%" align="center"
-* China became number one in total installed capacity and the center of the international wind industry, and added '''18'928 Megawatt''' within one year, accounting for more than 50 % of the world market for new wind turbines.
+|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''Company'''</font>
-* Major decrease in new installations can be observed in North America and the '''USA lost its number one position''' in total capacity to China.
+|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''Headquartered'''</font>
-* Many Western European countries are showing stagnation, whereas there is strong growth in a number of Eastern European countries.
+|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''Stent Details'''</font>
-* '''Germany''' keeps its number one position in Europe with '''27'215 Megawatt''', followed by Spain with 20'676 Megawatt.
+|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''Company Type'''</font>
-* The highest shares of wind power can be found in three European countries: '''Denmark (21.0%), Portugal (18.0 %) and Spain (16.0%)'''.
+|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''2010 Revenue (Mn)'''</font>
-* '''Asia''' accounted for the largest share of new installations '''(54.6%)''', followed by '''Europe (27.0%)''' and '''North America (16.7 %)'''.
+|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''No of Employees'''</font>
-* '''Latin America (1.2%)''' and '''Africa (0.4%)''' still played only a marginal role in new installations.
+|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''Geographical Revenue Share'''</font>
-* Africa: North Africa represents still lion share of installed capacity, wind energy plays hardly a role yet in Sub-Sahara Africa.
+|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''R&D investment  (Mn)'''</font>
-* Nuclear disaster in Japan and oil spill in Gulf of Mexico will have long-term impact on the prospects of wind energy. Governments need to urgently reinforce their wind energy policies.
+|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''No. of Patent'''</font>
+|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''Technology Focus'''</font>
+|-
+|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Applied Medical Resources Corp.
+|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|USA
+|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Mesh ureteral stent<br>C-flex ureteral stent<br>Silicone ureteral stent<br>Tethered ureteral stent<br>C-flex ureteral stent<br>Ureteral stent<br>Silhouette pediatric stent
+|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Manufacturer
+|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|$282
+|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|1900
+|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|USA: 62%<br>Asia: 32%<br>Rest of World: 6%
+|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|$38.3 (13%)
+|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|212
+|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|High
+|-
+|Bioteque Corp.
+|Taiwan
+|Bioteque Double Pigta
+|Contract Manufacturer; Contract Sterilizer; Manufacturer
+|align = "center"|$27.85
+|align = "center"|350
+|Taiwan: 100%
+|$1.4 (5%)
+|align = "center"|16
+|Medium
+|-
+|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Hobbs Medical, Inc.
+|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|USA
+|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|HM Ureteral Double Pigtail Stent
+|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Manufacturer
+|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|$2.30
+|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|22
+|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|USA: 97.2%<br>Japan: 2.3%<br>Others: 0.5%
+|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|$0.06 (2.87%)
+|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|1
+|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Low
+|-
+|Lake Region Medical Limited
+|Ireland
+|M-Wires
+|Contract Manufacturer
+|align = "center"|$84.86
+|align = "center"|611
+|Europe: 68%<br>USA: 21%<br>Others: 11%
+|$8.48 (3.85%)
+|align = "center"|8
+|Medium
+|-
+|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Martech Medical Products
+|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|USA
+|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Ureteral Stent
+|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Contract Manufacturer
+|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|$23.00
+|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|180
+|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|USA: 78.3%<br>Europe: 12.7%<br>Others: 9%
+|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|$1.1 (4.79%)
+|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|0
+|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Low
+|-
+|Allium Medical
+|Israel
+|URS - Ureteral Stent<br>TPS - Triangular Prostatic Stent<br>BUS - Bulbar Urethral Stent<br>RPS - Round Posterior Urethral Stent<br>BIS - Biliary Stent
+|Manufaturer
+|align = "center"|$2.04
+|align = "center"|20
+|Domestic: 88.6%<br>International: 11.4%
+|$0.082 (4%)
+|align = "center"|2
+|Low
+|-
+|}<br clear="all">
-Source: [http://www.wwindea.org/home/images/stories/pdfs/worldwindenergyreport2010_s.pdf World Wind Energy Report, 2010]
-The regional breakdowns for the period 2009-2030 has been provided for the following three scenarios:
-;# [[Regional Breakdown: Reference scenario (GWEO 2010)]]
-;# [[Regional Breakdown: Moderate scenario (GWEO 2010)]]
-;# [[Regional Breakdown: Advanced scenario (GWEO 2010)]]
-''Note: To know more about the '''Forecast Scenarios''' [http://dolcera.com/wiki/index.php?title=Forecast_Scenarios click here]''
+{|align="center"
+|<gflash>1000 750 http://dolcera.com/upload/files/ranking1.swf</gflash>
-==Country-wise Market Distribution==
+|-
+|}
-* In 2010, the Chinese wind market represented more than half of the world market for new wind turbines adding '''18.9 GW''', which equals a market share of '''50.3%'''.
+<br/>
-* A sharp decrease in new capacity happened in the USA whose share in new wind turbines fell down to '''14.9% (5.6 GW)''', after 25.9% or 9.9 GW in
-the year 2009.
-* '''Nine further countries''' could be seen as major markets, with turbine sales in a range '''between 0.5 and 1.5 GW''': Germany, Spain, India, United
-Kingdom, France, Italy, Canada, Sweden and the Eastern European newcomer Romania.
-* Further, '''12 markets''' for new turbines had a medium size '''between 100 and 500 MW''': Turkey, Poland, Portugal, Belgium, Brazil, Denmark, Japan, Bulgaria, Greece, Egypt, Ireland, and Mexico.
-* By end of 2010, '''20 countries''' had installations of '''more than 1 000 MW''', compared with 17 countries by end of 2009 and 11 countries byend of 2005.
-* Worldwide, '''39 countries''' had wind farms with '''a capacity of 100 Megawatt''' or more installed, compared with 35 countries one year ago, and 24 countries five years ago.
-* The top five countries (USA, China, Germany, Spain and India) represented '''74.2%''' of the worldwide wind capacity, significantly more than 72.9 % in the year.
-* The '''USA and China''' together represented '''43.2%''' of the global wind capacity (up from 38.4 % in 2009).
-* The newcomer on the list of countries using wind power commercially is a Mediterranean country, '''Cyprus''', which for the first time installed a larger grid-connected wind farm, with 82 MW.
-Source: [http://www.wwindea.org/home/images/stories/pdfs/worldwindenergyreport2010_s.pdf World Wind Energy Report, 2010]
-The top 10 countries by Total Installed Capacity for the year 2010, is illustrated in the chart below:
-[[Image:Top_Installed_Countries.PNG|center|600px|thumb|Top Countries by Market Growth Rates, Source: [http://www.wwindea.org/home/images/stories/pdfs/worldwindenergyreport2010_s.pdf World Wind Energy Report, 2010]]]
-To view the Top 10 countries by different other parameters for the year 2010, click on the links below:
+* '''Step 4''': Finally, after an in-depth analysis of the potential target companies’ on various parameters, following companies identified to be best possible target companies.
-;# [[Top 10 countries by Total New Installed Capacity]]
+**To improve Product Portfolio : '''Applied Medical Resources Corp.'''
-;# [[Top 10 countries by Capacity per Capita (kW/cap)]]
+**To enter in Emerging Markets : '''Bioteque Corp.'''
-;# [[Top 10 countries by Capacity per Land Area (kW/sq. km)]]
-;# [[Top 10 countries by Capacity per GDP (kW/ million USD)]]
-To view the '''[[Country-wise Installed Wind Power Capacity]]''' (MW) 2002-2010 (Source: World Wind Energy Association), '''[http://dolcera.com/wiki/index.php?title=Country-wise_Installed_Wind_Power_Capacity click here]'''
+===Company Profile===
+====Applied Medical Resources Corp.====
-==Country Profiles==
+{|border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" width="60%" align="center"
-===China===
+|bgcolor = "#376091" colspan = "2"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''APPLIED MEDICAL RESOURCES CORP.'''</font>
-<br>'''Wind Energy Outlook for China - 2011 & Beyond'''
-<br>Despite its rapid and seemingly unhampered expansion, the
-Chinese wind power sector continues to face significant
-challenges, including issues surrounding grid access and
-integration, reliability of turbines and a coherent strategy for
-developing China’s offshore wind resource. These issues will
-be prominent during discussions around the twelfth Five-Year
-Plan, which will be passed in March 2011. According to the
-draft plan, this is expected to reflect the Chinese
-government’s continuous and reinforced commitment to
-wind power development, with national wind energy targets
-of 90 GW for 2015 and 200 GW for 2020.
-For a detailed country profile of China please visit this [[China Wind Energy Profile Link]]
-===India===
-<br>'''Wind Energy Main market developments in 2010'''
-<br>Today the Indian market is emerging as one of the major
-manufacturing hubs for wind turbines in Asia. Currently,
-seventeen manufacturers have an annual production capacity
-of 7,500 MW. According to the WISE, the annual wind turbine
-manufacturing capacity in India is likely to exceed
-,000 MW by 2013.
-<br>The Indian market is expanding with the leading wind
-companies like Suzlon, Vestas, Enercon, RRB Energy and GE
-now being joined by new entrants like Gamesa, Siemens, and
-WinWinD, all vying for a greater market share. Suzlon, however,
-is still the market leader with a market share of over 50%.
-<br>The Indian wind industry has not been significantly affected
-by the financial and economic crises. Even in the face of a
-global slowdown, the Indian annual wind power market has
-grown by almost 68%. However, it needs to be pointed out
-that the strong growth in 2010 might have been stimulated
-by developers taking advantage of the accelerated
-depreciation before this option is phased out.
-For a detailed country profile of India please visit this [[India Wind Energy Profile Link]]
-==Market Share Analysis==
-===Global Market Share===
-* Vestas leads the Global Market in the 2010 with a 12% market share according to Make Consulting, while BTM Consulting reports it to have a 14.8% market share.
-* According to Make Consulting, the global market share of Vestas has decreased from 19% in 2008, to 14.5% in 2009, to 12% in 2010.
-* According to BTM Consulting, the global market share of Vestas has changed from 19% in 2008, to 12% in 2009, to 14.8% in 2010.
-* According to Make Consulting, the global market share of GE Energy has decreased from 18% in 2008, to 12.5% in 2009, to 10% in 2010.
-* The market share of world no. 2 Sinovel, has been constantly increasing, from 5% in 2008 , to 9.3% in 2009, to 11% in 2010
-* The top 5 companies have been occupying more than half of the Global Market Share from 2008 to 2010
-Source: [http://www.make-consulting.com Make Consulting], [http://www.btmgcs.com/ BTM Global Consulting]
-The chart given below illustrates the Global Market Share Comparison of Major Wind Energy Companies for the period 2008-2010, as provided by two different agencies, Make Consulting and BTM Consulting:
-[[Image:Market_Share_Comparison.JPG|center|1171*459px|thumb|Global Market Share Comparison of Major Companies for the period 2008-2010
-, Source: [http://www.make-consulting.com Make Consulting], [http://www.btmgcs.com/ BTM Global Consulting]]]
-===Market Share - Top 10 Markets===
-* While Vestas is the Global Leader, it is the leader in only one of Top 10 markets, which is 10<sup>th</sup> placed Sweden
-* But, Vestas is ranked 2<sup>nd</sup> in 5 of Top 10 markets
-* Sinovel, ranked 2<sup>nd</sup> globally, features only once in the Top 3 Companies list in the Top 10 markets, but scores globally because it leads the largest market China
-* The table given below illustrates the Top 3 players in Top 10 Wind Energy Markets of the world:
-{|border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" width="50%" align="center"
-|bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''Market'''</font>
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''MW'''</font>
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''No. 1'''</font>
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''No. 2'''</font>
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''No. 3'''</font>
 |-
-|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|'''China'''
+|bgcolor = "#C5D9F1"|'''Revenues'''
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|18928
+|bgcolor = "#C5D9F1"|2010:  $280 million
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Sinovel
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Goldwind
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Dongfang
 |-
-|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|'''USA'''
+|'''Net profit (2010)'''
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|5115
+|$20.89 million
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|GE Energy
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Vestas
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Siemens
 |-
-|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|'''India'''
+|bgcolor = "#C5D9F1"|'''R&D Investment'''
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|2139
+|bgcolor = "#C5D9F1"|2010: $ 38.3 million  (13% of revenues)
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Suzlon
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Enercon
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Vestas
 |-
-|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|'''Germany'''
+|'''Number of employees'''
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|1551
+|1900
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Enercon
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Vestas
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Suzlon
 |-
-|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|'''UK'''
+|bgcolor = "#C5D9F1"|'''Year Established'''
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|1522
+|bgcolor = "#C5D9F1"|1987
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Siemens
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Vestas
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Gamesa
 |-
-|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|'''Spain'''
+|'''Headquarters'''
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|1516
+|USA
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Gamesa
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Vestas
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|GE Energy
 |-
-|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|'''France'''
+|bgcolor = "#C5D9F1"|'''Key People'''
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|1186
+|bgcolor = "#C5D9F1"|CEO: Said S. Hilal
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Enercon
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Suzlon
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Vestas
 |-
-|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|'''Italy'''
+|'''Products & Technology'''
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|948
+|Specialty Areas:Cardiac/Vascular, Colorectal, GYN, Urology <br>New Products:Epix (Laparoscopic Intrumentation), GelPOINT (Advanced Access Platform), Kii Fios (First EntrySystem)
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Gamesa
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Vestas
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Suzlon
 |-
-|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|'''Canada'''
+|bgcolor = "#C5D9F1"|'''Products in Ureteral Stent'''
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|690
+|bgcolor = "#C5D9F1"|C-flex ureteral stent, Silicone ureteral stent, Tethered ureteral stent, C-flex ureteral stent, Ureteral stent<br>Silhouette pediatric stent
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Siemens
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|GE Energy
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Enercon
 |-
-|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|'''Sweeden'''
+|'''Geographical revenue breakdown (2010)'''
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|604
+|USA: $182.70 million (65%)<br>Others:  $99.47 million (35%)
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Vestas
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Enercon
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Siemens
 |-
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1" colspan = "5"|''Source: BTM Consult - part of Navigant Consulting - March 2011''
+|bgcolor = "#C5D9F1"|'''Company Overview'''
+|bgcolor = "#C5D9F1"|Applied Medical Resources Corporation is a new generation medical device company founded in 1987 and headquartered in Southern California. It is involved in developing, manufacturing and marketing of innovative products for Minimally Invasive Surgery, Cardiac, Vascular, Urological, Colorectal, Bariatric, Obstetric, Gynecologic and General Surgery. The product portfolio covers 25 technologies and more than 700 products. The company has spread its business globally across 75 countries including Africa, Middle East,Americas, Caribbean, Asia, Australia and Europe through its network of international distributors.
 |-
-|}<br clear="all">
+|}
-Source: [http://www.btm.dk/reports/world+market+update+2010 BTM Consult]
-==Company Profiles==
-# '''[[Vestas Wind Systems A/S]]'''
+====Bioteque Corp.====
-# '''[[Suzlon Energy]]'''
-==Major Wind Turbine Suppliers==
+{|border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" width="60%" align="center"
-{|border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" width="50%" align="center"
+|bgcolor = "#376091" colspan = "2"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''Bioteque Corp.'''</font>
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''Turbine maker'''</font>
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''Rotor blades'''</font>
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''Gear boxes'''</font>
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''Generators'''</font>
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''Towers'''</font>
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''Controllers'''</font>
 |-
-|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Vestas
+|bgcolor = "#C5D9F1"|'''Revenues'''
-|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Vestas, LM
+|bgcolor = "#C5D9F1"|2010:  $27.85 million
-|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Bosch Rexroth, Hansen, Wingery, Moventas
-|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"| Weier, Elin, ABB, LeroySomer
-|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"| Vestas, NEG, DMI
-|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Cotas (Vestas),<br>NEG (Dancontrol)
 |-
-|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|GE energy
+|'''Net profit (2010)'''
-|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|LM, Tecsis
+|$20.89 million
-|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Wingery, Bosch, Rexroth, Eickhoff, GE
-|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Loher, GE
-|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|DMI, Omnical, SIAG
-|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|GE
 |-
-|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Gamesa
+|bgcolor = "#C5D9F1"|'''R&D Investment'''
-|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Gamesa, LM
+|bgcolor = "#C5D9F1"|2010:  $38.3 million (13% of revenues)
-|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"| Echesa (Gamesa), Winergy, Hansen
-|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Indar (Gamesa), Cantarey
-|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Gamesa
-|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"| Ingelectric (Gamesa)
 |-
-|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Enercon
+|'''Number of employees'''
-|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Enercon
+|350
-|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Direct drive
-|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Enercon
-|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|KGW, SAM
-|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Enercon
 |-
-|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"| Siemens<br>wind
+|bgcolor = "#C5D9F1"|'''Year Established'''
-|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Siemens, LM
+|bgcolor = "#C5D9F1"|1991
-|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Winergy
-|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|ABB
-|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Roug, KGW
-|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"| Siemens, KK Electronic
 |-
-|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Suzlon
+|'''Headquarters'''
-|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Suzlon
+|Taiwan
-|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Hansen, Winergy
-|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"| Suzlon,<br>Siemens
-|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Suzlon
-|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"| Suzlon, Mita Teknik
 |-
-|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Repower
+|bgcolor = "#C5D9F1"|'''Key People'''
-|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|LM
+|bgcolor = "#C5D9F1"|
-|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"| Winergy, Renk, Eickhoff
-|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|N/A
-|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|N/A
-|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"| Mita Teknik, ReGuard
 |-
-|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Nordex
+|'''Products & Technology'''
-|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Nordex
+|<br> NEPHROLOGY, UROLOGY, RADIOLOGY, CARDIOLOGY, RESPIRATORY CARE<br> CRITICAL CARE, IV ADMINISTRATION THERAPY, MOLDING PARTS
-|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"| Winergy, Eickhoff, Maag
-|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Loher
-|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"| Nordex, Omnical
-|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"| Nordex, Mita Teknik
 |-
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1" colspan = "6"|''Source: BTM Consult''
+|bgcolor = "#C5D9F1"|'''Products in Ureteral Stent'''
+|bgcolor = "#C5D9F1"|C-flex ureteral stent, Silicone ureteral stent, Tethered ureteral stent, C-flex ureteral stent, Ureteral stent<br>Silhouette pediatric stent
 |-
-|}<br clear="all">
+|'''Geographical revenue breakdown (2010)'''
-==Products of Top Companies==
-{|border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" width="100%"
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD" width=”42”|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''S.No.'''</font>
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''Company'''</font>
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''Product'''</font>
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''Specifications'''</font>
-|-valign="top"
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|1
-|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://www.vestas.com/en/wind-power-plants/procurement/turbine-overview/v80-2.0-mw.aspx#/vestas-univers Vestas]</u></font>
-|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|V80
-|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|'''Rated Power: '''2.0 MW,  '''Frequency:''' 50 Hz/60 Hz, '''Number of Poles:''' 4-pole, '''Operating Temperature: -'''30°C to 40°
-|- valign="top"
-|align = "center"|2
-|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://www.vestas.com/en/wind-power-plants/procurement/turbine-overview/v80-2.0-mw.aspx#/vestas-univers Vestas]</u></font>
-|V90
-|'''Rated Power:''' 1.8/2.0 MW, '''Frequency :''' 50 Hz/60 Hz, '''Number of Poles :''' 4-pole(50 Hz)/6-pole(60 Hz), '''Operating Temperature: -'''30°C to 40°
-|- valign="top"
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|3
-|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://www.vestas.com/en/wind-power-plants/procurement/turbine-overview/v80-2.0-mw.aspx#/vestas-univers Vestas]</u></font>
-|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|V90 Offshore
-|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|'''Rated Power:''' 3.0 MW, '''Frequency:''' 50 Hz/60 Hz, '''Number of Poles:''' 4-pole, '''Operating Temperature: '''-30°C to 40°
-|- valign="top"
-|align = "center"|4
-|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://www.china-windturbine.com/news/doubly_wind_turbines.htm North Heavy Company]</u></font>
-|2 MW DFIG
-|'''Rated Power:''' 2.0 MW, '''Rated Voltage:''' 690V, '''Rated Current:''' 1670A, '''Frequency:''' 50Hz, '''Number of Poles :''' 4-pole,  '''Rotor Rated Voltage:''' 1840V, '''Rotor Rated Current''' 670A, '''Rated Speed:''' 1660rpm;''' Power Speed Range: '''520-1950 rpm, '''Insulation Class:''' H, '''Protection Class:''' IP54,  '''Motor Temperature Rise''' =<nowiki><</nowiki>95K
-|- valign="top"
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|5
-|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://docs.google.com/viewer?a=v&q=cache:X9KReq0YEigJ:www.iberdrolarenewables.us/bluecreek/docs/primary/03-Appendices/_Q-Brochure-of-G-90-Turbine/Brochure-G-90-Turbine.pdf+gamesa+g90&hl=en&pid=bl&srcid=ADGEESgldaLogi1i5Pg71zE-FO_AMqbeKL5wJiA8LVklgq5ev2in Gamesa]</u></font>
-|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|G90
-|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|'''Rated Voltage:''' 690 V,  '''Frequency:''' 50 Hz,  '''Number of Poles:''' 4,  '''Rotational Speed:''' 900:1,900 rpm (rated 1,680 rpm) (50Hz); '''Rated Stator Current: '''1,500 A @ 690 V, '''Protection Class:''' IP 54, '''Power Factor(standard):'''  0.98 CAP - 0.96 IND at partial loads and 1 at nominal power, '''Power Factor(Optional):''' 0.95 CAP - 0.95 IND throughout the power range
-|- valign="top"
-|align = "center"|6
-|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://www.nordex-online.com/en/products-services/wind-turbines/n100-25-mw Nordex]</u></font>
-| N80
-|'''Rated Power:''' 2.5 MW, '''Rated Voltage:''' 690V, '''Frequency:''' 50/60Hz, '''Cooling Systems:''' liquid/air
-|- valign="top"
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|7
-|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://www.nordex-online.com/en/products-services/wind-turbines/n100-25-mw Nordex]</u></font>
-|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"| N90
-|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|'''Rated Power:''' 2.5 MW, '''Rated Voltage: '''690V,''' Frequency: '''50/60Hz,''' Cooling Systems: '''liquid/air
-|- valign="top"
-|align = "center"|8
-|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://www.nordex-online.com/en/products-services/wind-turbines/n100-25-mw Nordex]</u></font>
-|N100
-|'''Rated Power:''' 2.4 MW, '''Rated Voltage: '''690V, '''Frequency: '''50/60Hz, '''Cooling Systems: '''liquid/air
-|- valign="top"
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|9
-|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://www.nordex-online.com/en/products-services/wind-turbines/n100-25-mw Nordex]</u></font>
-|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"| N117
-|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|'''Rated Power:''' 2.5 MW, '''Rated Voltage: '''690V, '''Frequency: '''50/60Hz, '''Cooling Systems: '''liquid/air
-|- valign="top"
-|align = "center"|10
-|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://www.converteam.com/majic/pageServer/1704040148/en/index.html Converteam]</u></font>
-|DFIG
 |NA
-|- valign="top"
+|-
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|11
+|bgcolor = "#C5D9F1"|'''Company Overview'''
-|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://geoho.en.alibaba.com/product/252321923-0/1_5MW_doubly_fed_asynchronous_generator.html Xian Geoho Energy Technology]</u></font>
+|bgcolor = "#C5D9F1"|Bioteque Corporation manufactures and sells medical devices in Taiwan. It offers medical disposables for use in hemodialysis access, endovascular treatment, and other fields. It offers blood tubing lines, AVF needles, transducer protectors, and on line HDF with check valves or without check valves; IV infusion bags, precision IV infusion sets, drainage bags, insufflation tubing sets/filters, and various surgical drainage tubes; a range of medical components, which comprise blood tubing line components, percutaneous drainage components, infusion bag components, AVF needle components, precision IV infusion set components, and IV infusion bag components; a range of thermoplastic polyurethane catheters, including pigtail drainage catheter sets, double pigtail ureteral stent sets, biliary drainage catheters, percutaneous nephrostomy kits, and dialysis catheters; and other medical disposable products, such as closed suction catheters and artificial nose. The company also provides endovascular products, which consist of percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty, percutaneous transluminal angioplasty, angiography catheters, guiding catheters, sheath introducers, MRI/CT/angiography syringes, micro catheters, and hydrophilic coated guidewires. Bioteque Corporation was founded in 1991 and is based in Taipei, Taiwan.
-|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|1.5MW DFIG
-|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|'''Rated Power:''' 1550KW,  '''Rated Voltage: '''690V, '''Rated Speed: '''1755 r/min, '''Speed Range: '''975<nowiki>~</nowiki>1970 r/min, '''Number of Poles: '''4-pole, '''Stator Rated Voltage: '''690V±10%, '''Stator Rated Current: '''1115A; '''Rotor Rated Voltage: '''320V, '''Rotor Rated Current: '''430A, '''Winding Connection: '''Y / Y, '''Power Factor: '''0.95(Lead) <nowiki>~</nowiki> 0.95Lag,''' Protection Class: '''IP54, '''Insulation Class: '''H, '''Work Mode: '''S1, '''Installation ModeI: '''M B3, '''Cooling Mode: '''Air cooling,  '''Weight: '''6950kg
-|- valign="top"
-|align = "center"|12
-|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://www.tecowestinghouse.com/products/custom_engineered/DF_WR_ind_generator.html Tecowestinghouse]</u></font>
-|TW450XX (0.5-1 KW)
-|'''Rated Power:''' 0.5 -1 KW, '''Rated Voltage: '''460/ 575/ 690 V, '''Frequency: '''50/ 60 Hz, '''Number of Poles: '''4/6,''' Ambient Temp.(°C): -'''40 to 50, '''Speed Range (% of Synch. Speed): '''68% to 134%,  '''Power Factor (Leading): -'''0.90 to <nowiki>+</nowiki>0.90 , '''Insulation Class: '''H/F, '''Efficiency: '''<nowiki>></nowiki>= 96%
-|- valign="top"
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|13
-|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://www.tecowestinghouse.com/products/custom_engineered/DF_WR_ind_generator.html Tecowestinghouse]</u></font>
-|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|TW500XX (1-2 KW)
-|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|'''Rated Power:''' 1-2 kW,''' Rated Voltage:''' 460/ 575/ 690 V, '''Frequency:''' 50/ 60 Hz, '''Number of Poles:''' 4/6, Ambient Temp.(°C): -40 to 50; '''Speed Range (% of Synch. Speed):''' 68 to 134%, '''Power Factor(Leading): -'''0.90 to <nowiki>+</nowiki>0.90, '''Insulation Class: '''H/F, '''Efficiency:''' <nowiki>></nowiki>= 96%
-|- valign="top"
-|align = "center"|14
-|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://www.tecowestinghouse.com/products/custom_engineered/DF_WR_ind_generator.html Tecowestinghouse]</u></font>
-|TW560XX (2-3 KW)
-|'''Rated Power: '''2-3kW, '''Rated Voltage: '''460/ 575/ 690 V, '''Frequency: '''50/ 60 Hz, '''Number of Poles: '''4/6, '''Ambient Temp(°C): ''' -40 to 50, '''Speed Range(% of Synch. Speed)''':''' '''68 to 134%, '''Power Factor(Leading):''' -0.90 to <nowiki>+</nowiki>0.90, '''Insulation Class: '''H/F, '''Efficiency:''' <nowiki>></nowiki>= 96%.
-|- valign="top"
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|15
-|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://www.acciona-na.com/About-Us/Our-Projects/U-S-/West-Branch-Wind-Turbine-Generator-Assembly-Plant.aspx Acciona]</u></font>
-|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|AW1500
-|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|'''Rated Power:''' 1.5MW, '''Rated Voltage: '''690 V, '''Frequency: '''50 Hz, '''Number of Poles: '''4,  '''Rotational Speed: '''900:1,900 rpm(rated 1,680 rpm) (50Hz), '''Rated Stator Current: '''1,500 A @ 690 V, '''Protection Class: '''IP54, '''Power Factor(standard): '''0.98 CAP - 0.96 IND at partial loads and 1 at nominal power, '''Power factor(optional):''' 0.95 CAP - 0.95 IND throughout the power range
-|- valign="top"
-|align = "center"|16
-|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://www.acciona-na.com/About-Us/Our-Projects/U-S-/West-Branch-Wind-Turbine-Generator-Assembly-Plant.aspx Acciona]</u></font>
-|AW3000
-|'''Rated Power:''' 3.0MW, '''Rated Voltage: ''' 690 V, '''Frequency: '''50 Hz, '''Number of Poles: '''4, '''Rotational Speed: '''900:1,900 rpm(rated 1,680 rpm) (50Hz), '''Rated Stator Current: '''1,500 A @ 690 V, '''Protection Class: '''IP54, '''Power Factor(standard): '''0.98 CAP - 0.96 IND at partial loads and 1 at nominal power, '''Power Factor (optional):''' 0.95 CAP - 0.95 IND throughout the power range
-|- valign="top"
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|17
-|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://gepower.com/businesses/ge_wind_energy/en/index.htm General Electric]</u></font>
-|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|GE 1.5/2.5MW
-|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|'''Rated Power:''' 1.5/2.5 MW, '''Frequency(Hz): '''50/60
 |-
 |}
-= IP Search & Analysis =
+==M&A Due Diligence Process==
-== Doubly-fed Induction Generator: Search Strategy ==
+== Phase 1: Landscape overview ==
-The present study on the IP activity in the area of horizontal axis wind turbines with focus on '''''Doubly-fed Induction Generator (DFIG)''''' is based on a search conducted on Thomson Innovation.
+=== Ureteral Stent: Concept ===
-===Control Patents===
+An antimicrobial ureteral stent, which inhibits encrustation and bacterial colonization while maintaining patient comfort.
+* Ureteral stent: resists migration, resists fragmentation, is kink resistant and radiopaque.
+* Bacterial colonization: antimicrobial activity for up to two weeks.
+* Patient Comfort: stent has a low coefficient of fiiction (value) for ease of insertion and will soften on implant at body temperature to maintain patient comfort.
+=== Background ===
+Ureteral stents are used in urological surgery to maintain patency of the ureter to allow urine drainage from the renal pelvis to the bladder. These devices can be placed by a number of different endourological techniques. They are typically inserted through a cystoscope and may also be inserted intraoperatively. Indwelling ureteral stents help to reduce complications and morbidity subsequent to urological and surgical procedures. Frequently, ureteral stents are used to facilitate drainage in
+conjunction with Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy (ESWL) and after endoscopic procedures. They are also used to internally support anastomoses and prevent urine leakage after surgery. Ureteral stenting may almost eliminate the urological complications of renal transplantation.
+The advent of ESWL and the more recent barrage of endourological techniques have increased the indications for ureteral stents (Candela and Bellman 1997). Indications for use include:
+* Treatment of ureteral or kidney stones
+* Ureteral trauma or stricture
+* Genitourinary reconstructive surgery
+* Hydronephrosis during pregnancy
+* Obstruction due to malignancy
+* Retroperitoneal fibrosis
+The need for ureteral stents range from a few days to several months. For patients with serious urological problems, ureteral stent maintenance may become a life-long necessity. Unfortunately, there are many problems associated with using ureteral stents.
+=== Ureteric stenting difficulties ===
+[[Image:Ureteral stent.jpg|thumb|right|350px|Double-J and Pigtail ureteral stents]]
+{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="50%"
+|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|<font color="#993366">'''Common'''</font>
+|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|<font color="#993366">'''Rare'''</font>
-{|border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" width="100%"
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD" width="38"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''S. No.'''</font>
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''Patent/Publication No.'''</font>
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD" width="15%"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''Publication Date<br>'''(mm/dd/yyyy)</font>
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''Assignee/Applicant'''</font>
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''Title'''</font>
-|- valign="top"
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|1
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PALL&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.htm&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=6278211.PN.&OS=PN/6278211&RS=PN/6278211 US6278211]</u></font>
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|08/02/01
-|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|Sweo Edwin
-|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|Brush-less doubly-fed induction machines employing dual cage rotors
-|- valign="top"
-|align = "center"|2
-|align = "center"|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PALL&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.htm&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=6954004.PN.&OS=PN/6954004&RS=PN/6954004 US6954004]</u></font>
-|align = "center"|10/11/05
-|Spellman High Voltage Electron
-|Doubly fed induction machine
-|- valign="top"
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|3
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PALL&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.htm&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=7411309.PN.&OS=PN/7411309&RS=PN/7411309 US7411309]</u></font>
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|08/12/08
-|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|Xantrex Technology
-|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|Control system for doubly fed induction generator
-|- valign="top"
-|align = "center"|4
-|align = "center"|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PALL&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.htm&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=7485980.PN.&OS=PN/7485980&RS=PN/7485980 US7485980]</u></font>
-|align = "center"|02/03/09
-|Hitachi
-|Power converter for doubly-fed power generator system
-|- valign="top"
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|5
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PALL&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.htm&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=7800243.PN.&OS=PN/7800243&RS=PN/7800243 US7800243]</u></font>
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|09/21/10
-|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|Vestas Wind Systems
-|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|Variable speed wind turbine with doubly-fed induction generator compensated for varying rotor speed
-|- valign="top"
-|align = "center"|6
-|align = "center"|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PALL&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.htm&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=7830127.PN.&OS=PN/7830127&RS=PN/7830127 US7830127]</u></font>
-|align = "center"|11/09/10
-|Wind to Power System
-|Doubly-controlled asynchronous generator
 |-
+|
+* Trigonal irritation
+* Haematuria
+* Fever
+* Infection
+* Tissue inflammation
+* Encrustation
+* Biofilm formation
+|
+* Obstruction
+* Kinking
+* Ureteric rupture
+* Ureteric perforation
+* Stent misplacement
+* Stent migration
+* Stent misfit
+* Stent forgotten
+* Tissue hyperplasia
 |}
-===Patent Classes===
+Today, elastomeric materials, such as silicones, polyurethanes and hydrogel-coated polyolefins are used, with no clear winner, which can withstand the urinary environment.
+* Although silicone has better long-term stability than other stent materials, its extreme flexibility makes it difficult to pass over guidewires and through narrow or tortuous ureters.
+* Polyethylene is stiffer and easier to use for patients with strictures; however, it has been known to become brittle with time leading to breakage and is no longer commercially available. * Polyurethane has properties that fall in between polyethylene and silicone; however, stent fracture also has been an issue with polyurethanes.
-{|border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" width="100%"
+Attempts have been made to develop polymers with a combination of the best of all properties. The key players are C-Flex (Concept Polymer Technologies), Silitek and Percuflex (Boston Scientific).
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD" width="38"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''S. No.'''</font>
+* C-Flex is proprietary silicone oil and mineral oil interpenetrated into a styrenelolefin block copolymer with the hope of reduced encrustation.
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''Class No.'''</font>
+* Silitek (Medical Engineering Corporation) is another silicone-based copolymer.
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''Class Type'''</font>
+* Percuflex is a proprietary olefinic block copolymer.
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''Definition'''</font>
-|-valign="top"
+Metallic stents have been used recently to treat extrinsic ureteric obstructions. The effect of synthetic polymers on the urothelium of the urinary tract seems to be dependent on the bulk chemical composition of the polymer, the chemical composition of its surface, coatings on the device
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|1
+surface, smoothness of the surface and coefficient of friction.
-|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://www.wipo.int/ipcpub/#refresh=page&notion=scheme&version=20110101&symbol=F03D0009000000 F03D9/00 ]</u></font>
-|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|IPC
+Typically, most ureteral stents are made of relatively smooth catheters. [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10772512 Koleski et al., (2000)] tested a longitudinally grooved ureteral stent made by Circon in the pig ureter. The results indicated that the grooved stent led to better drainage than a conventional stent. Their opinion is that the ureter wall has a better chance of collapsing over a
-|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|Machines or engines for liquids; wind, spring, or weight motors; producing mechanical power or a reactive propulsive thrust, not otherwise provided for / Wind motors / '''Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combination of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby (aspects predominantly concerning driven apparatus) '''
+smooth surface than a grooved surface, especially when debris is present. Stoller (2000) had the same experience with the SpiraStent(Urosurge Corp.). This helical stent was superior at passing stones than a conventional smooth stent.
-|-valign="top"
-|align = "center"|2
+There are a variety of ureteral stent configurations with different anchoring systems. Most stents today have a double [http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S014067360002674X pigtail anchoring system]. (Tolley, 2000), Dunn et al, (2000) conducted a randomized, single-blind study comparing a Tail stent (proximal pigtail with a shaft which tapers to a lumenless straight tail) to a double pigtail stent. The Tail stent was found to be better tolerated than the double-pigtail concerning
-|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://v3.espacenet.com/eclasrch?classification=ecla&locale=en_EP&ECLA=f03d9/00c F03D9/00C ]</u></font>
+lower urinary tract irritative symptoms. A double-J ureteral stent and a flexible ureteropyeloscope are shown in the first diagram. The other two diagrams show a pigtail ureteral stent in place; the end of the pigtail is facing away fiom the ureteral opening in the second of these two diagrams.
-|ECLA
-|Machines or engines for liquids; wind, spring, or weight motors; producing mechanical power or a reactive propulsive thrust, not otherwise provided for / Wind motors / Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combination of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby (aspects predominantly concerning driven apparatus) /''' The apparatus being an electrical generator '''
+Early adverse effects of ureteral stenting include lower abdominal pain, dysuria, fever, urinary frequency, nocturia and hematuria. Patient discomfort and microscopic hematuria happen often. Major late complications include stent migration, stent fragmentation or more serious hydronephrosis with flank pain and infections.
-|-valign="top"
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|3
+Late complications occurred in one third of the patients in a prospective study using both silicone and polyurethane double pigtail stents (110 stents) in 90 patients. Stent removal was necessary in these patients. Others also have found this percentage of late complications. Device-related urinary tract infection and encrustation can lead to significant morbidity and even death and are the primary factors limiting long-term use of indwelling devices in the urinary tract. Microbial biofilm and encrustation may lead to stone formation. This is typically not a problem when stents are used
-|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://www.wipo.int/ipcpub/#&refresh=page&notion=scheme&version=20110101&symbol=H02J0003380000 H02J3/38 ]</u></font>
+for short-term indications. Problems of biofilm formation, encrustation and stent fracture occur in patients with long-term indwelling stents.
-|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|IPC
-|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|Generation, conversion, or distribution of electric power / Circuit arrangements or systems for supplying or distributing electric power; systems for storing electric energy / Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks / '''Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers '''
+Typically, manufacturers advise periodic stent evaluation. Cook polyurethane stent removal is recommend at 6 months and 12 months for silicone (Cook product literature). However, stents that are intended for long-term use are usually changed at regular intervals, as frequently as every 3 months.
-|-valign="top"
-|align = "center"|4
+Forgotten stents are a problem. Monga et al., 1995 found that 68% of stents forgotten more than 6 months were calcified and 10% were fragmented. Multiple urologic procedures were necessary to remove the stones. Long-term effects of these forgotten stents may lead to voiding dysfunction and renal insufficiency. Schlick, et al., 1998 are developing a biodegradable stent that will preclude the need for stent removal.
-|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://www.wipo.int/ipcpub/#refresh=page&notion=scheme&version=20110101&symbol=H02K0017420000 H02K17/42 ]
-</u></font>
+==== Encrustation ====
-|IPC
+The urinary system presents a challenge because of its chemically unstable environment. Long-term biocompatibility and biodurability of devices have been problems due to the supersaturation of uromucoids and crystalloids at the interface between urine and the device. Encrustation of ureteral stents is a well-known problem, which can be treated easily if recognized early. However, severe encrustation leads to renal failure and is difficult to manage (Mohan-Pillai et al., 1999). All biomaterials currently used become encrusted to some extent when exposed to urine.
-|Generation, conversion, or distribution of electric power / Dynamo-electric machines / Asynchronous induction motors; Asynchronous induction generators / '''Asynchronous induction generators '''
-|-valign="top"
+The encrusted deposits can harbor bacterial biofilms. In addition, they can render the biomaterial brittle which causes fracture in-situ, a serious problem especially associated with the use of polyethylene and polyurethane ureteral stents (although silicone stents have also been
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|5
+reported to fracture). Stent fragments can migrate to the bladder or renal pelvis with serious repercussions.
-|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://www.wipo.int/ipcpub/#refresh=page&notion=scheme&version=20110101&symbol=H02P0009000000 H02P9/00 ]</u></font>
-|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|IPC
+Surface science techniques were used to study three stent types after use in patients. The stent type, duration of insertion and age or sex of the patient did not correlate significantly with the amount of encrustation (Wollin et al., 1998). However, it has been suggested that factors which affect the amount of encrustation include the composition or the urine, the type of invading and colonizing bacteria and the structure and surface properties of the biomaterial used (Gorman 1995). A low surface energy surface seems to resist encrustation compared with a high surface energy surface (Denstedt et al., 1998).
-|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|Generation, conversion, or distribution of electric power / Control or regulation of electric motors, generators, or dynamo-electric converters; controlling transformers, reactors or choke coils /''' Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output '''
-|-valign="top"
+Many different types of stone can form in the urinary tract. Calcium oxalate, calcium phosphate, uric acid and cystine stones are metabolic stones because they form as a result of metabolic dysfunction. They usually are excreted from the urinary tract. Struvite (magnesium ammonium phosphate) and hydroxyapatite (calcium phosphate) are associated with infection (infection stones). These account for 1520% of urinary calculi. ESWL is used to break up the larger infection stones because they don't pass; recurrence of the problem occurs with incomplete removal. Infection stones can manifest as poorly mineralized matrix stones, highly mineralized staghorn calculi or as bladder stones which often form in the presence of ureteral stents. Urea-splitting bacteria colonize the surface and cause alkalinization of the urine, which lowers the solubility of struvite and hydroxyapatite, and they deposit on the surface. Bacterial biofilm associated with encrustation is a common clinical occurrence. (Gorman and Tunney, 1997). It has been suggested that prevention of bacterial colonization would prevent encrustation because of their ultimate responsibility for its formation (Bibby et al., 1995).
-|align = "center"|6
-|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://www.uspto.gov/web/patents/classification/uspc290/sched290.htm#C290S044000 290/044]</u></font>
+An in vitro model was developed that produces encrustation similar to those seen in vivo (Tunney et al., 1996a). An experiment was conducted to compare the encrustation potential of various ureteral stent materials. The long-term struvite and hydroxyapatite encrustation of silicone, polyurethane, hydrogel-coated polyurethane, Silitek and Percuflex were compared. All of the materials developed encrustation, however, it was found by image analysis that the rates of encrustation varied on the different materials. Silicone had less encrustation (69% at 10 weeks) compared to the other materials (1 00%) at the same time point (Tunney et al., 1996b). Continuous flow models have also been developed which are more representative of conditions in the upper urinary tract. They are discussed by Gorman and Tunney, (1 997). Efforts to reduce encrustation using new materials, smoother
-|USPC
+surfaces and hydrogel coatings have been attempted.
-|Prime-mover dynamo plants / electric control / Fluid-current motors / '''Wind '''
-|-valign="top"
+A hydrogel-coated  C-flex stent (Hydroplus, Boston Scientific) was shown to have less epithelial cell damage and encrustation than other biomaterials and was recommended by the investigators for long-term use (Cormio, 1995). In addition, a poly(ethy1ene oxide)/polyurethane composite hydrogel (Aquavenem, J & J) resisted intraluminal blockage in a urine flow model compared with silicone and polyurethane (Gorman et al., 1997a). Another advantage with Aquavene is that it is rigid in the dry state, which facilitates insertion past obstructions in the ureter and becomes soft on hydration providing comfort (Gorman and Tunney, 1997). Gorman et al. (1997b) concluded that the chance of stent fracture would be reduced if the ureteral stent side holes were eliminated. Urinary tract infection is another common major problem with the usage of ureteral stents. Initially, a conditioning film is deposited on the ureteral stent surface. The film is made up of proteins, electrolyte materials and other unidentified materials that obscure the surface properties of the stent material. Electrostatic interactions, the ionic strength and pH of the urine and differences in fluid surface tensions affect bacterial adhesion to the conditioning film. Subsequently, a microbial biofilm forms over time. The biofilm is composed of bacterial cells embedded in a hydrated, predominantly anionic mixture of bacterial exopolysaccharides and trapped host extracellular macromolecules.
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|7
-|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://www.uspto.gov/web/patents/classification/uspc290/sched290.htm#C290S055000 290/055]</u></font>
+====Obstruction====
-|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|USPC
+Obstruction of urine flow and urinary tract sepsis can result in continued growth of the biofilm. Colonization of devices implanted in the urinary tract can lead to dysfunction, tissue intolerance, pain, subclinical or overt infection and even urosepsis. Device related infections are difficult to
-|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|Prime-mover dynamo plants / Fluid-current motors / '''Wind'''
+treat and device removal is usually necessary. The biofilm has been found to impede the diffusion of antibiotics; in addition, the bacteria in the biofilm have a decreased metabolic rate , which also protects them against the effects of antibiotics (Wollin et al., 1998). Riedl, et al. (1 999) found 100% ureteral stent colonization rates in permanent and 69.3% in temporary stents. Antibiotic prophylaxis did not prevent bacterial colonization and it was recommended that it not be used.
-|-valign="top"
+On the other hand, Tieszer, et al. (1 998) believe that fluoroquinolones can prevent infection. They also have found that some stents have denser encrustation than others, however, the stent material did not change the elements of the "conditioning film" adsorbed or alter its receptivity to
-|align = "center"|8
+bacterial biofilms.
-|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://www.uspto.gov/web/patents/classification/uspc318/sched318.htm#C318S727000 318/727]</u></font>
-|USPC
+====Infection====
-|Electricity: motive power systems / '''Induction motor systems '''
+The predictive value of urine cultures in the assessment of stent colonization was examined in 65 patients with indwelling ureteral stents. It was found that a sterile urine culture did not rule out the stent itself being colonized (Lifshitz, et al., 1999). Patients with sterile urine culture
-|-valign="top"
+may benefit from prophylactic antibiotics; however, the authors contended that the antibiotics must work against gram-negative uropathogens and gram-positive bacteria including enterococci.
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|9
+It is obvious that there is controversy in the literature whether prophylactic systemic antibiotics are useful with ureteral stent implant. However, antibiotics do not seem to prevent stent colonization. Denstedt et al. (1998) have found that ciprofloxacin, with a 3 day burst every 2
-|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://www.uspto.gov/web/patents/classification/uspc322/sched322.htm#C322S047000 322/047]</u></font>
+weeks, actually is adsorbed onto the stent which makes longer term treatment possible with reduced risk of bacterial resistance. There has been research targeted at coating or impregnating urinary catheters with antimicrobials and products are on the market, however, there are no antimicrobial ureteral stents approved by the FDA.
-|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|USPC
-|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|Electricity: single generator systems / Generator control / '''Induction generator '''
+=== The market need ===
+It is clear that there is a need for a new material that will be able to resist encrustation and infection in the urinary tract. According to Merrill Lynch, ureteral stents represent an $80 MM
+US market. Boston Scientific is in the lead with ~50% of the market followed by Maxxim (Circon), Cook and Bard is a smaller player. There are a number of other small contenders.
+The use of ureteral stents is increasing; the indications for ureteral stenting have broadened from temporary or permanent relief or ureteric obstruction to include temporary urinary diversion following surgical procedures such as endopyelotomy and ureteroscopy and facilitation of stone clearance after ESWL (Tolley, 2000).
+The use of ureteral stents for patients having ESWL for renal calculi is however controversial and seems to be related to the size of the stones and invasiveness of the procedure. According to survey results reported by Hollowell, et al. (2000), there is a significant difference in opinion concerning the use of stents with ESWL.
+The number of ureteral stents used in patients with stones 2 cm or less treated with ESWL is significant in spite of the lack scientific evidence in support of this practice. Of 1,029 urologists returning surveys, for patients with renal pelvic stones 10, 15 or 20 rnm treated with ESWL, routine stent placement was preferred by 25.3%, 57.1 % and 87.1 %, respectively. Urologists recommend using ureteroscopy rather than ESWL for distal ureteral calculi 5-1 0 mm.
+=== Intellectual property ===
+==== Search strategy ====
+* Databases searched: US-G, US-A, EP-A, EP-B, WO, JP, DE, GB, FR
+* Search scope: Title, Abstract or Claims
+* Years: 1981-July 2008
+* Search query: (ureter* OR urether* OR ureth* OR uretr*) AND (stent*) AND (*microb* OR *bacter*)
+* Results: '''177 patents (82 unique patent families)'''
+==== Sample patents ====
+{| class="wikitable" style="font-size:90%" border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0"
+|- style="background:lightgrey"
+!align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|Patent
+!bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|Assignee
+!bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|Title
+!bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|Abstract
+|-
+![http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PALL&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2Fsrchnum.htm&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=6468649.PN.&OS=PN/6468649&RS=PN/6468649 US6468649 B1]
+| SCIMED LIFE SYSTEMS INC
+| Antimicrobial adhesion surface
+| The present invention provides an implantable medical device having a substrate with a hydrophilic coating composition to limit in vivo colonization of bacteria and fungi. The hydrophilic coating composition includes a hydrophilic polymer with a molecular weight in the range from about 100, 000 to about 15 million selected from copolymers acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, isocrotonic acid and combinations thereof.
+|-
+![http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PALL&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2Fsrchnum.htm&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=5554147.PN.&OS=PN/5554147&RS=PN/5554147 US5554147 A]
+| CApHCO, Inc.
+| Compositions and devices for controlled release of active ingredients
+| A method for the controlled release of a biologically active agent wherein the agent is released from a hydrophobic, pH-sensitive polymer matrix is disclosed and claimed. The polymer matrix swells when the environment reaches pH 8.5, releasing the active agent. A polymer of hydrophobic and weakly acidic comonomers is disclosed for use in the controlled release system. Further disclosed is a specific embodiment in which the controlled release system may be used. The pH-sensitive polymer is coated onto a latex catheter used in ureteral catheterization. A common problem with catheterized patients is the infection of the urinary tract with urease-producing bacteria. In addition to the irritation caused by the presence of the bacteria, urease produced by these bacteria degrade urea in the urine, forming carbon dioxide and ammonia. The ammonia causes an increase in the pH of the urine. Minerals in the urine begin to precipitate at this high pH, forming encrustations which complicate the functioning of the catheter. A ureteral catheter coated with a pH-sensitive polymer having an antibiotic or urease inhibitor trapped within its matrix will release the active agent when exposed to the high pH urine as the polymer gel swells. Such release can be made slow enough so that the drug remains at significant levels for a clinically useful period of time.
+|-
+![http://appft1.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=%2220030153983%22.PGNR.&OS=DN/20030153983&RS=DN/20030153983 US20030153983 A1]
+| SCIMED LIFE SYSTEMS INC
+|Implantable or insertable medical device resistant to microbial growth and biofilm formation
+| Disclosed are implantable or insertable medical devices that provide resistance to microbial growth on and in the environment of the device and resistance to microbial adhesion and biofilm formation on the device. In particular, the invention discloses implantable or insertable medical devices that comprise at least one biocompatible matrix polymer region, an antimicrobial agent for providing resistance to microbial growth and a microbial adhesion/biofilm synthesis inhibitor for inhibiting the attachment of microbes and the synthesis and accumulation of biofilm on the surface of the medical device. Also disclosed are methods of manufacturing such devices under conditions that substantially prevent preferential partitioning of any of said bioactive agents to a surface of the biocompatible matrix polymer and substantially prevent chemical modification of said bioactive agents
 |-
 |}
-===Concept Table===
+==Urinary Problems in men and women==
+* Both men and women have an increased risk for urinary incontinence as they get older, with men's rates rising steadily and women's rates peaking during menopause.
+* The prevalence of incontinence in men of all ages is certainly lower than that for women.
+* Women over 70, however, are twice as likely to have urinary incontinence as men of the same age.
+[http://www.ehow.com/facts_5664964_urinary-prevalence-men-vs_-women.html Source: Urinary prevalence men Vs women]
+==Market Analysis==
+* We determined market data to have an idea about the market potential for ureteral stents.
+* We have done this modeling for female population in US as women has the higher prevalence rate for urinary incontinence than men in all age groups.
+* Prevalence increased with age, from 28% for 30- to 39-year-old women to 55% for 80- to 90-year-old women.
+* 18% of respondents reported severe UI.
+* The prevalence of severe UI also increased notably with age, from 8% for 30- to 39-year-old women to 33% for 80- to 90-year-old women.
+* Among all, 9% reported slight UI, 15% reported moderate UI, 18% reported severe UI, and 58% reported no UI.
+<BR>
+===Methodology===
+[[Image:methodology-ureteral stents.jpg|center|650px]]
+===Prevalence rate in US (women)===
 {|border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" width="100%"
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD" rowspan = "2" width="38"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''S. No.'''</font>
+|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD" colspan = "2"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''Prevalence of Urinary Incontinence in US (women)'''</font>
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''Concept 1'''</font>
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''Concept 2'''</font>
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''Concept 3'''</font>
 |-
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#95B3D7"|'''Doubly Fed'''
+|align = "center" bgcolor = "#D3DFEE"|Age (in yrs)
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#95B3D7"|'''Induction'''
+|align = "center" bgcolor = "#D3DFEE"|Population with Urinary incontinence (in %)
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#95B3D7"|'''Generator'''
 |-
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|1
+|align = "center"|30-39
-|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|doubly fed
+|align = "center"|28%
-|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|induction
-|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|generator
 |-
-|align = "center"|2
+|align = "center" bgcolor = "#D3DFEE"|40-49
-|double output
+|align = "center" bgcolor = "#D3DFEE"|41%
-|asynchronous
-|machines
 |-
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|3
+|align = "center"|50-59
-|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|dual fed
+|align = "center"|48%
-|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|
-|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|systems
 |-
-|align = "center"|4
+|align = "center" bgcolor = "#D3DFEE"|60-69
-|dual feed
+|align = "center" bgcolor = "#D3DFEE"|51%
-|
-|
 |-
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|5
+|align = "center"|70-79
-|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|dual output
+|align = "center"|55%
-|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|
-|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|
 |-
-|}
+|align = "center" bgcolor = "#D3DFEE"|80-90
+|align = "center" bgcolor = "#D3DFEE"|54%
-===Thomson Innovation Search===
-'''Database:''' Thomson Innovation<br>
-'''Patent coverage:''' US EP WO JP DE GB FR CN KR DWPI<br>
-'''Time line:''' 01/01/1836 to 07/03/2011
-{|border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" width="100%"
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD" width="38"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''S. No.'''</font>
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''Concept'''</font>
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''Scope'''</font>
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''Search String'''</font>
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''No. of Hits'''</font>
-|-valign="top"
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|1
-|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|Doubly-fed Induction Generator: Keywords(broad)
-|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|Claims, Title, and Abstract
-|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|(((((doubl<nowiki>*</nowiki>3 OR dual<nowiki>*</nowiki>3 OR two) ADJ3 (power<nowiki>*</nowiki>2 OR output<nowiki>*</nowiki>4 OR control<nowiki>*</nowiki>4 OR fed OR feed<nowiki>*</nowiki>3)) NEAR5 (induction OR asynchronous)) NEAR5 (generat<nowiki>*</nowiki>3 OR machine<nowiki>*</nowiki>1 OR dynamo<nowiki>*</nowiki>1)) OR dfig or doig)
-|align = "right" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|873
-|-valign="top"
-|align = "center"|2
-|Doubly-fed Induction Generator: Keywords(broad)
-|Full Spec.
-|(((((doubl<nowiki>*</nowiki>3 OR dual<nowiki>*</nowiki>3 OR two) ADJ3 (power<nowiki>*</nowiki>2 OR output<nowiki>*</nowiki>1 OR control<nowiki>*</nowiki>4 OR fed OR feed<nowiki>*</nowiki>3)) NEAR5 (generat<nowiki>*</nowiki>3 OR machine<nowiki>*</nowiki>1 OR dynamo<nowiki>*</nowiki>1))) OR dfig or doig)
-|align = "center"|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
-|-valign="top"
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|3
-|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|Induction Machine: Classes
-|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|US, IPC, and ECLA Classes
-|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|((318/727 OR 322/047) OR (H02K001742))
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
-|-valign="top"
-|align = "center"|4
-|Generators: Classes
-|US, IPC, and ECLA Classes
-|((290/044 OR 290/055) OR (F03D000900C OR H02J000338 OR F03D0009<nowiki>*</nowiki> OR H02P0009<nowiki>*</nowiki>))
-|align = "center"|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
-|-valign="top"
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|5
-|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|Combined Query
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
-|align = "left" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|2 AND 3
-|align = "right" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|109
-|-valign="top"
-|align = "center"|6
-|Combined Query
-|align = "center"|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
-|align = "left"|2 AND 4
-|align = "right"|768
-|-valign="top"
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|7
-|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|French Keywords
-|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|Claims, Title, and Abstract
-|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|((((doubl<nowiki>*</nowiki>3 OR dual<nowiki>*</nowiki>3 OR two OR deux) NEAR4 (nourris OR feed<nowiki>*</nowiki>3 OR puissance OR sortie<nowiki>*</nowiki>1 OR contrôle<nowiki>*</nowiki>1)) NEAR4 (induction OR asynchron<nowiki>*</nowiki>1) NEAR4 (générateur<nowiki>*</nowiki>1 OR generator<nowiki>*</nowiki>1 OR machine<nowiki>*</nowiki>1 OR dynamo<nowiki>*</nowiki>1)) OR dfig or doig)
-|align = "right" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|262
-|-valign="top"
-|align = "center"|8
-|German Keywords
-|Claims, Title, and Abstract
-|(((((doppel<nowiki>*</nowiki>1 OR dual OR two OR zwei) ADJ3 (ausgang OR ausgänge OR kontroll<nowiki>*</nowiki> OR control<nowiki>*</nowiki>4 OR gesteuert OR macht OR feed<nowiki>*</nowiki>1 OR gefüttert OR gespeiste<nowiki>*</nowiki>1)) OR (doppeltgefüttert OR doppeltgespeiste<nowiki>*</nowiki>1)) NEAR4 (((induktion OR asynchronen) NEAR4 (generator<nowiki>*</nowiki>2 OR maschine<nowiki>*</nowiki>1 OR dynamo<nowiki>*</nowiki>1)) OR (induktion?maschinen OR induktion?generatoren OR asynchronmaschine OR asynchrongenerator))) OR dfig)
-|align = "right"|306
-|-valign="top"
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|9
-|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|Doubly-fed Induction Generator: Keywords(narrow)
-|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|Full Spec.
-|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|(((((((doubl<nowiki>*</nowiki>3 OR dual<nowiki>*</nowiki>3) ADJ3 (power<nowiki>*</nowiki>2 OR output<nowiki>*</nowiki>4 OR control<nowiki>*</nowiki>4 OR fed OR feed<nowiki>*</nowiki>3))) NEAR5 (generat<nowiki>*</nowiki>3 OR machine<nowiki>*</nowiki>1 OR dynamo<nowiki>*</nowiki>1))) SAME wind) OR (dfig SAME wind))
-|align = "right" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|1375
-|-valign="top"
-|align = "center"|10
-| Top Assignees
-|align = "center"|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
-|(vestas* OR (gen* ADJ2 electric*) OR ge OR hitachi OR woodward OR repower OR areva OR gamesa OR ingeteam OR nordex OR siemens OR (abb ADJ2 research) OR (american ADJ2 superconductor*) OR (korea ADJ2 electro*) OR (univ* NEAR3 navarra) OR (wind OR technolog*) OR (wind ADJ2 to ADJ2 power))
-|align = "center"|-
-|-valign="top"
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|11
-|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|Combined Query
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
-|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|2 AND 10
-|align = "right" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|690
-|-valign="top"
-|align = "center"|12
-|Top Inventors
-|align = "center"|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
-|((Andersen NEAR2 Brian) OR (Engelhardt NEAR2 Stephan) OR (Ichinose NEAR2 Masaya) OR (Jorgensen NEAR2 Allan NEAR2 Holm) OR ((Scholte ADJ2 Wassink) NEAR2 Hartmut) OR (OOHARA NEAR2 Shinya) OR (Rivas NEAR2 Gregorio) OR (Erdman NEAR2 William) OR (Feddersen NEAR2 Lorenz) OR (Fortmann NEAR2 Jens) OR (Garcia NEAR2 Jorge NEAR2 Martinez) OR (Gertmar NEAR2 Lars) OR (KROGH NEAR2 Lars) OR (LETAS NEAR2 Heinz NEAR2 Hermann) OR (Lopez NEAR2 Taberna NEAR2 Jesus) OR (Nielsen NEAR2 John) OR (STOEV NEAR2 Alexander) OR (W?ng NEAR2 Haiqing) OR (Yuan NEAR2 Xiaoming))
-|align = "center"|-
-|-valign="top"
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|13
-|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1" |Combined Query
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
-|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|((3 OR 4) AND 10)
-|align = "right" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|899
-|-valign="top"
-|align = "center"|14
-|Final Query
-|align = "center"|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
-|1 OR 5 OR 6 OR 7 OR 8 OR 9 OR 11 OR 13
-|'''2466(1060 INPADOC Families)'''
 |-
 |}
-==Taxonomy==
+[http://archinte.ama-assn.org/cgi/content/full/165/5/537 Source: Archives of internal medicine]
-*''Use the mouse(click and drag/scroll up or down/click on nodes) to explore nodes in the detailed taxonomy''
-*''Click on the red arrow adjacent to the node name to view the content for that particular node in the dashboard''
+===Urinary incontinence severity among different age groups in US women===
-{|border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" width="100%"
-|<mm>[[Doubly_fed_Induction_Generator.mm|Interactive Mind-map|center|flash|Doubly-fed Induction Generator|600pt]]</mm>
+[[Image:urinary incontinence severity.jpg|center|500px|thumb|[http://archinte.ama-assn.org/cgi/content/full/165/5/537 Source: Archives of internal medicine]]]
-|}
+===Market potential for ureteral stent in US (women)===
-==Sample Analysis==
-A sample of 139 patents from the search is analyzed based on the taxonomy.
-Provided a link below for sample spread sheet analysis for doubly-fed induction generators.<br>
-===Patent Analysis===
 {|border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" width="100%"
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD" rowspan = "2" width="38"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''S.No.'''</font>
+|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD" colspan = "6"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''Market potential for ureteral stents in US women, 2009'''</font>
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD" rowspan = "2" |<font color="#FFFFFF">'''Patent/Publication No.'''</font>
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD" rowspan = "2" width="105"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''Publication Date<br>'''(mm/dd/yyyy)</font>
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD" rowspan = "2"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''Assignee/Applicant'''</font>
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD" rowspan = "2"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''Title'''</font>
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD" colspan = "2"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''Dolcera Analysis'''</font>
 |-
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#95B3D7"|'''Problem'''
+|bgcolor = "#D3DFEE"|1. Age groups<br>
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#95B3D7"|'''Solution'''
+|bgcolor = "#D3DFEE"|2. Female population<br>(from US census data)
-|-valign="top"
+|bgcolor = "#D3DFEE"|3. Prevalence rate in female (%)
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|1
+|align = "center" bgcolor = "#D3DFEE"|4. Market potential<br>(total prevalence)<br>(2<nowiki>*</nowiki>3)
-|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://appft1.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=%2220100117605%22.PGNR.&OS=DN/20100117605&RS=DN/20100117605 US20100117605]</u></font>
+|bgcolor = "#D3DFEE"|5. Catherization rate (%)<br>
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|05/13/10
+|align = "center" bgcolor = "#D3DFEE"|6.  Stent market based on catherization rate<br>(4<nowiki>*</nowiki>5)
-|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|Woodward
+|-
-|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|Method of and apparatus for operating a double-fed asynchronous machine in the event of transient mains voltage changes
+|30-39
-|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|The short-circuit-like currents in the case of transient mains voltage changes lead to a corresponding air gap torque which loads the drive train and transmission lines can damages or reduces the drive train and power system equipments.
+|20128402
-|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|The method presents that the stator connecting with the network and the rotor with a converter. The converter is formed to set a reference value of electrical amplitude in the rotor, by which a reference value of the electrical amplitude is set in the rotor after attaining a transient mains voltage change, such that the rotor flux approaches the stator flux.
+|28%
-|-valign="top"
+|5635953
-|align = "center"|2
+|0.043%
-|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://appft1.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=%2220100045040%22.PGNR.&OS=DN/20100045040&RS=DN/20100045040 US20100045040]</u></font>
+|2423
-|align = "center"|02/25/10
+|-
-|Vestas Wind Systems
+|bgcolor = "#D3DFEE"|40-49
-|Variable speed wind turbine with doubly-fed induction generator compensated for varying rotor speed
+|bgcolor = "#D3DFEE"|22074384
-|The DFIG system has poor damping of oscillations within the flux dynamics due to cross coupling between active and reactive currents, which makes the system potentially unstable under certain circumstances and complicates the work of the rotor current controller. These oscillations can damage the drive train mechanisms.
+|bgcolor = "#D3DFEE"|41%
-|A compensation block is arranged, which feeds a compensation control output to the rotor of the generator. The computation unit computes the control output during operation of the turbine to compensate partly for dependencies on a rotor angular speed of locations of poles of a generator transfer function, so that the transfer function is made independent of variations in the speed during operation of the turbine which eliminates the oscillations and increases the efficiency of the wind turbine.
+|bgcolor = "#D3DFEE"|9050497
-|-valign="top"
+|bgcolor = "#D3DFEE"|0.123%
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|3
+|bgcolor = "#D3DFEE"|11132
-|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://appft1.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=%2220090267572%22.PGNR.&OS=DN/20090267572&RS=DN/20090267572 US20090267572]</u></font>
+|-
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|10/29/09
+|50-59
-|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|Woodward
+|20929761
-|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|Current limitation for a double-fed asynchronous machine
+|48%
-|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|Abnormal currents can damage the windings in the doubly- fed induction generator. Controlling these currents with the subordinate current controllers cannot be an efficient way to extract the maximum amount of active power.
+|10046285
-|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|The method involves delivering or receiving of a maximum permissible reference value of an active power during an operation of a double-fed asynchronous machine, where predetermined active power and reactive power reference values are limited to a calculated maximum permissible active and reactive power reference values, and hence ensures reliable regulated effect and reactive power without affecting the power adjustment, the rotor is electrically connected to a pulse-controlled inverter by slip rings with a static frequency changer, and thus a tension with variable amplitude and frequency is imposed in the rotor.
+|0.124%
-|-valign="top"
+|12457
-|align = "center"|4
+|-
-|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://appft1.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=%2220090008944%22.PGNR.&OS=DN/20090008944&RS=DN/20090008944 US20090008944]</u></font>
+|bgcolor = "#D3DFEE"|60-69
-|align = "center"|01/08/09
+|bgcolor = "#D3DFEE"|14605565
-|Universidad Publica De Navarra
+|bgcolor = "#D3DFEE"|51%
-|Method and system of control of the converter of an electricity generation facility connected to an electricity network in the presence of voltage sags in said network
+|bgcolor = "#D3DFEE"|7448838
-|Double-fed asynchronous generators are very sensitive to the faults that may arise in the electricity network, such as voltage sags. During the sag conditions the current which appears in said converter may reach very high values, and may even destroy it.
+|bgcolor = "#D3DFEE"|0.160%
-|During the event of a voltage sag occurring, the converter imposes a new set point current which is the result of adding to the previous set point current a new term, called demagnetizing current, It is proportional to a value of free flow of a generator stator. A difference between a value of a magnetic flow in the stator of the generator and a value of a stator flow associated to a direct component of a stator voltage is estimated. A value of a preset calculated difference is multiplied by a factor for producing the demagnetizing current.
+|bgcolor = "#D3DFEE"|11918
-|-valign="top"
+|-
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|5
+|70-79
-|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PALL&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.htm&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=7355295.PN.&OS=PN/7355295&RS=PN/7355295 US7355295]</u></font>
+|9046207
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|04/08/08
+|55%
-|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|Ingeteam Energy
+|4975414
-|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|Variable speed wind turbine having an exciter machine and a power converter not connected to the grid
+|0.172%
-|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|a) The active switching of the semiconductors of the grid side converter injects undesirable high frequency harmonics to the grid.<br>b) The use of power electronic converters (4) connected to the grid (9) causes harmonic distortion of the network voltage.
+|8558
-|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|Providing the way that power is only delivered to the grid through the stator of the doubly fed induction generator, avoiding undesired harmonic distortion. <br>Grid Flux Orientation (GFO) is used to accurately control the power injected to the grid. An advantage of this control system is that it does not depend on machine parameters, which may vary significantly, and theoretical machine models, avoiding the use of additional adjusting loops and achieving a better power quality fed into the utility grid.
+|-
-|-valign="top"
+|bgcolor = "#D3DFEE"|≥ 80
-|align = "center"|6
+|bgcolor = "#D3DFEE"|7216598
-|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://appft1.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=%2220080203978%22.PGNR.&OS=DN/20080203978&RS=DN/20080203978 US20080203978]</u></font>
+|bgcolor = "#D3DFEE"|54%
-|align = "center"|08/28/08
+|bgcolor = "#D3DFEE"|3896963
-|Semikron
+|bgcolor = "#D3DFEE"|0.044%
-|Frequency converter for a double-fed asynchronous generator with variable power output and method for its operation
+|bgcolor = "#D3DFEE"|1715
-|Optislip circuit with a resistor is used when speed is above synchronous speed, results in heating the resistor and thus the generator leads to limitation of operation in super synchronous range which results in tower fluctuations.
+|-
-|Providing a back-to-back converter which contains the inverter circuit has direct current (DC) inputs, DC outputs, and a rotor-rectifier connected to a rotor of a dual feed asynchronous generator. A mains inverter is connected to a power grid, and an intermediate circuit connects one of the DC inputs with the DC outputs. The intermediate circuit has a semiconductor switch between the DC outputs, an intermediate circuit condenser between the DC inputs, and a diode provided between the semiconductor switch and the condenser. Thus the system is allowed for any speed of wind  and reduces the tower fluctuations.
+|'''Total'''
-|-valign="top"
+|&nbsp;
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|7
+|&nbsp;
-|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://appft1.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=%2220070210651%22.PGNR.&OS=DN/20070210651&RS=DN/20070210651 US20070210651]</u></font>
+|'''41053950'''
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|09/13/07
+|&nbsp;
-|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|Hitachi
+|'''48203'''
-|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|Power converter for doubly-fed power generator system
-|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|During the ground faults, excess currents is induced in the secondary windings and flows into power converter connected to secondary side and may damage the power converter. Conventional methods of increasing the capacity of the power converter increases system cost, degrade the system and takes time to activate the system to supply power again.
-|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|The generator provided with a  excitation power converter connected to secondary windings of a doubly-fed generator via impedance e.g. reactor, and a diode rectifier connected in parallel to the second windings of the doubly-fed generator via another impedance. A direct current link of the rectifier is connected in parallel to a DC link of the converter. A controller  outputs an on-command to a power semiconductor switching element of the converter if a value of current flowing in the power semiconductor switching element is a predetermined value or larger.
-|-valign="top"
-|align = "center"|8
-|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://appft1.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=%2220070132248%22.PGNR.&OS=DN/20070132248&RS=DN/20070132248 US20070132248]</u></font>
-|align = "center"|06/14/07
-|General Electric
-|System and method of operating double fed induction generators
-|Wind turbines with double fed induction generators are sensitive to grid faults. Conventional methods are not effective to reduce the shaft stress during grid faults and slow response and using dynamic voltage restorer (DVR) is cost expensive.
-|The protection system has a controlled impedance device. Impedance device has bidirectional semiconductors such triac, assembly of thyristors or anti-parallel thyristors. Each of the controlled impedance devices is coupled between a respective phase of a stator winding of a double fed induction generator and a respective phase of a grid side converter. The protection system also includes a controller configured for coupling and decoupling impedance in one or more of the controlled impedance devices in response to changes in utility grid voltage and a utility grid current. High impedance is offered to the grid during network faults to isolate the dual fed wind turbine generator.
-|-valign="top"
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|9
-|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://appft1.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=%2220060192390%22.PGNR.&OS=DN/20060192390&RS=DN/20060192390 US20060192390]</u></font>
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|08/31/06
-|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|Gamesa Innovation
-|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|Control and protection of a doubly-fed induction generator system
-|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|A short-circuit in the grid causes the generator to feed high stator-currents into the short-circuit and the rotor-currents increase very rapidly which cause damage to the power-electronic components of the converter connecting the rotor windings with the rotor-inverter.
-|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|The converter is provided with a clamping unit which is triggered from a non-operation state to an operation state, during detection of over-current in the rotor windings. The clamping unit comprises passive voltage-dependent resistor element for providing a clamping voltage over the rotor windings when the clamping unit is triggered.
-|-valign="top"
-|align = "center"|10
-|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://appft1.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=%2220050189896%22.PGNR.&OS=DN/20050189896&RS=DN/20050189896 US20050189896]</u></font>
-|align = "center"|09/01/05
-|ABB Research
-|Method for controlling doubly-fed machine
-|Controlling the double fed machines on the basis of inverter control to implement the targets set for the machine, this model is extremely complicated and includes numerous parameters that are often to be determined.
-|A method is provided to use a standard scalar-controlled frequency converter for machine control. A frequency reference for the inverter with a control circuit, and reactive power reference are set for the machine. A rotor current compensation reference is set based on reactive power reference and reactive power. A scalar-controlled inverter is controlled for producing voltage for the rotor of the machine, based on the set frequency reference and rotor current compensation reference.
 |-
 |}
-Click '''[[Media:Doublyfed_induction_generator1.xls| here]]''' to view the detailed analysis sheet for doubly-fed induction generators patent analysis.
-===Article Analysis===
-{|border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" width="100%"
+* Prevalence rate in US women is growing at a CAGR of 1.19%
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD" width="38"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''S.No.'''</font>
+* Ureteral stent market is growing at a CAGR of 1.47%
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''Title'''</font>
+<Br>
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD" width="105"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''Publication Date<br>'''(mm/dd/yyyy)</font>
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''Journal/Conference'''</font>
+===Ureteral stent market forecast in US (women)===
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''Dolcera Summary'''</font>
+[[Image:stent market forecast1.jpg|center|600px]]
-|-valign="top"
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|1
+[[Media:Detailed calculation workbook.xls|'''Detailed model workbook''']]
-|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/search/freesrchabstract.jsp?tp=&arnumber=1709031&queryText=Study+on+the+Control+of+DFIG+and+Its+Responses+to+Grid+Disturbances&openedRefinements=*&searchField=Search+All Study on the Control of DFIG and its Responses to Grid Disturbances ]</u></font>
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|01/01/06
+===Ureteral stent companies===
-|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|Power Engineering Society General Meeting, 2006. IEEE
+Various companies offering ureteral stents are:
-|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|Presented dynamic model of the DFIG, including mechanical model, generator model, and PWM voltage source converters. Vector control strategies adapted for both the RSC and GSC to control speed and reactive power independently. Control designing methods, such as pole-placement method and the internal model control are used. MATLAB/Simulink is used for simulation.
-|-valign="top"
+* [http://www.bostonscientific.com/Device.bsci/,,/method/DevHome/navRelId/1000.1003/seo.serve Boston Scientific Corporation]
-|align = "center"|2
+* [http://www.cookmedical.com/uro/familyListingAction.do?family=Ureteral+Stents Cook Group]
-|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/search/freesrchabstract.jsp?tp=&arnumber=1649950&queryText=Application+of+Matrix+Converter+for+Variable+Speed+Wind+Turbine+Driving+an+Doubly+Fed+Induction+Generator&openedRefinements=*&searchField=Search+All Application of Matrix Converter for Variable Speed Wind Turbine Driving an Doubly Fed Induction Generator ]</u></font>
+* [http://www.appliedmed.com/products/product_card.aspx?prodGroupID=6&catID=37&Name=Ureteral+stents Applied Medicals]
-|align = "center"|05/23/06
+* [http://www.redi-tech.com/products/?get=pricing&loc=main&content=0&type=pricing&items=0&item=13 Redi-Tech Medical Products]
-|Power Electronics, Electrical Drives, Automation and Motion, 2006. SPEEDAM 2006.
-|A matrix converter is replaced with back to back converter in a variable speed wind turbine using doubly fed induction generator. Stable operation is achieved by stator flux oriented control technique and the system operated in both sub and super synchronous modes, achieved good results.
+====Ureteral stents of various companies====
-|-valign="top"
+=====Boston Scientific=====
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|3
+* Contour VL Variable Length Percuflex Stents<BR>
-|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/search/freesrchabstract.jsp?tp=&arnumber=4778305&queryText=Optimal+Power+Control+Strategy+of+Maximizing+Wind+Energy+Tracking+and+Conversion+for+VSCF+Doubly+Fed+Induction+Generator+System&openedRefinements=*&searchField=Search+Al Optimal Power Control Strategy of Maximizing Wind Energy Tracking and Conversion for VSCF Doubly Fed Induction Generator System ]</u></font>
+Inward spiral design of Nautilus Coil minimizes tissue contact for enhanced comfort. Dual variable length coil geometry permits balanced stent positioning to minimize the risk of migration. HydroPlus Coating provides unequalled surface lubricity which reduces friction to minimize risk of buckling during introduction and placement and to reduce risk of trauma and encrustation.
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|08/14/06
-|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|Power Electronics and Motion Control Conference, 2006. IPEMC 2006. CES/IEEE 5th International
+[[Image:Contour VL variable length percuflex stents.jpg|center|500px|thumb|[http://www.bostonscientific.com/Device.bsci/,,/method/DevHome/navRelId/1000.1003/seo.serve Source: www.bostonscientific.com]]]
-|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|Proposed a new optimal control strategy of maximum wind power extraction strategies and testified by simulation. The control algorithm also used to minimize the losses in the generator. The dual passage excitation control strategy is applied to decouple the active and reactive powers. With this control system, the simulation results show the good robustness and high generator efficiency is achieved.
-|-valign="top"
+* Percuflex Stents<Br>
-|align = "center"|4
+:* High coil strength pigtail shape prevent stent migration
-|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://docs.google.com/viewer?a=v&q=cache:HqaFsMBhchcJ:iris.elf.stuba.sk/JEEEC/data/pdf/3_108-8.pdf+A+TORQUE+TRACKING+CONTROL+ALGORITHM+FOR+DOUBLY–FED+INDUCTION+GENERATOR&hl=enπd=bl&srcid=ADGEESgbHXoAbKe4O7b5DnykDc7h_LaHwCMIhkVrGX_whx4iUuE4Mc-3Rfq1DyW_h A Torque Tracking Control algorithm for Doubly–fed Induction Generator ]</u></font>
+:* Thin wall promotes drainage and patency
-|align = "center"|01/01/08
+:* Multiple, large side ports promote drainage
-|Journal of Electrical Engineering
+:* Attached suture for positioning and subsequent removal without the need for repeat cystoscopy
-|Proposed a torque tracking control algorithm for Doubly fed induction generator using PI controllers. It is achieved by controlling the rotor currents and using a stator voltage vector reference frame.
+[[Image:percuflex stents.jpg|center|500px|thumb|[http://www.bostonscientific.com/Device.bsci/,,/method/DevHome/navRelId/1000.1003/seo.serve Source: www.bostonscientific.com]]]
-|-valign="top"
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|5
+* Polaris Ultra Ureteral Stent
-|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/search/freesrchabstract.jsp?tp=&arnumber=4651578&queryText=Fault+Ride+Through+Capability+Improvement+Of+Wind+Farms+Usind+Doubly+Fed+Induciton+Generator&openedRefinements=*&searchField=Search+All Fault Ride Through Capability Improvement Of Wind Farms Using Doubly Fed Induction Generator ]</u></font>
+:* Ultra Ureteral Stent provides the ease of placement benefits of a firm stent graduated into a soft bladder coil
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|09/04/08
+:* Co-extrusion combines a firm durometer Percuflex Plus Material and a soft durometer Percuflex Material in the same stent
-|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|Universities Power Engineering Conference, 2008. UPEC 2008. 43rd International
+:* Nautilus bladder coil potentially reduce bladder irritation, and a relaxed renal coil facilitate ease of removal
-|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|An active diode bridge crowbar switch presented to improve fault ride through capability of DIFG. Showed different parameters related to crowbar such a crowbar resistance, power loss, temperature and time delay for deactivation during fault.
+[[Image:Polaris Ultra Ureteral Stent.jpg|center|500px|thumb|[http://www.bostonscientific.com/Device.bsci/,,/method/DevHome/navRelId/1000.1003/seo.serve Source: www.bostonscientific.com]]]
+=====Cook Group=====
+* Bander Ureteral Diversion Stent Set
+It is used for intraoperative placement to stent the ureter during ureteroileal conduit construction and continent urinary diversions. Set includes: 2 stents, 2 catheter retainers and wire guide.
+[[Image:Bander Ureteral Diversion Stent Set.jpg|center|500px|thumb|[http://www.cookmedical.com/uro/familyListingAction.do?family=Ureteral+Stents Source: www.cookmedical.com]]]
+* C-Flex Double Pigtail Ureteral Stent Set
+It is used for temporary internal drainage from the ureteropelvic junction to the bladder. Set includes stent, wire guide, stent positioner and catheter.
+[[Image:C-Flex Double Pigtail Ureteral Stent Set.jpg|center|500px|thumb|[http://www.cookmedical.com/uro/familyListingAction.do?family=Ureteral+Stents Source: www.cookmedical.com]]]
+* Towers Peripheral Ureteral Stent Set
+It is also used for temporary internal drainage from the ureteropelvic junction to the bladder. The stent configuration allows peripheral as well as luminal drainage. Set Includes: Stent, Wire Guide, Catheter, and Stent Positioner.
+[[Image:Towers Peripheral Ureteral Stent Set.jpg|500px|center|thumb|[http://www.cookmedical.com/uro/familyListingAction.do?family=Ureteral+Stents Source: www.cookmedical.com]]]
+=====Applied medicals=====
+* 7-10 endopyelotomy stent
+It is used by urologists for endopyelotomy and endoureterotomy. The dual diameter promotes optimal healing while minimizing the discomfort often associated with larger diameter stents.
+[[Image:ureteral stent-applied.jpg|center|500px|thumb|[http://www.appliedmed.com/products/product_card.aspx?prodGroupID=6&catID=37&Name=Ureteral+stents Source: www.appliedmed.com]]]
+=====Redi-Tech Medical Products=====
+* Ureteral stents set
+:* Attached suture for positioning and subsequent removal without the need for repeat cystoscopy
+:* Multiple, large side ports promote drainage
+:* Radiopaque stent markings aid in placement and sizing
+[[Image:Ureteral stent-redi tech.jpg|center|400px|thumb|[http://www.redi-tech.com/products/?get=pricing&loc=main&content=0&type=pricing&items=0&item=13 Source: www.redi-tech.com]]]
+==<span style="color:#C41E3A">Like this report?</span>==
+<p align="center"> '''This is only a sample report with brief analysis''' <br>
+'''Dolcera can provide a comprehensive report customized to your needs'''</p>
+{|border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" align="center" "
+|style="background:lightgrey" align = "center"  colspan = "3"|'''[mailto:info@dolcera.com <span style="color:#0047AB">Buy the customized report from Dolcera</span>]'''
+|-
+| align = "center"| [http://www.dolcera.com/website_prod/services/ip-patent-analytics-services Patent Analytics Services]
+|align = "center"| [http://www.dolcera.com/website_prod/services/business-research-services Market Research Services]
+|align = "center"| [http://www.dolcera.com/website_prod/tools/patent-dashboard Purchase Patent Dashboard]
+|-
+|align = "center"| [http://www.dolcera.com/website_prod/services/ip-patent-analytics-services/patent-search/patent-landscapes Patent Landscape Services]
+|align = "center"| [http://www.dolcera.com/website_prod/research-processes Dolcera Processes]
+|align = "center"| [http://www.dolcera.com/website_prod/industries Industry Focus]
+|-
+|align = "center"| [http://www.dolcera.com/website_prod/services/ip-patent-analytics-services/patent-search/patent-landscapes Patent Search Services]
+|align = "center"| [http://www.dolcera.com/website_prod/services/ip-patent-analytics-services/alerts-and-updates Patent Alerting Services]
+|align = "center"| [http://www.dolcera.com/website_prod/tools Dolcera Tools]
 |-
 |}
-Click '''[[Media:Doublyfed_induction_generators1.xls| here]]''' to view the detailed analysis sheet for doubly-fed induction generators article analysis.
 <br>
+=== Clinical Trials ===
-===Top Cited Patents===
+====New trials ====
-{|border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" width="100%"
+{| {{table}}
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD" width="38"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''S. No.'''</font>
+| align="center"|'''Title'''
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''Patent/Publication No.'''</font>
+| align="center"|'''Conditions'''
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD" width="105"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''Publication Date'''<br>(mm/dd/yyyy)</font>
+| align="center"|'''Intervention'''
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''Assignee/Applicant'''</font>
+| align="center"|'''Sponsors and Collaborators'''
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''Title'''</font>
+|-
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''Citation Count'''</font>
+| [http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00250406?term=ureteral+stent&rank=1 Assessment of Drug-Eluting Ureteral Stent on Bacterial Adherence and Biofilm Formation]||Renal Calculi, Ureteral Obstruction||Device: Ureteral Stent||Lawson Health Research Institute, Boston Scientific Corporation
-|-valign="top"
+|-
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|1
+| [http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00270504?term=urethral+stent&rank=1 Memokath® 044TW Stent for Treatment of Urethral Stricture]||Urethral Stricture||Device: Memokath stenting||Engineers & Doctors Wallsten Medical Group
-|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PALL&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.htm&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=5289041.PN.&OS=PN/5289041&RS=PN/5289041 US5289041]</u></font>
+|-
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|02/22/94
+| [http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00581178?term=urologic+stent&rank=3 Study to Determine if There Are Specific Clinical Factors to Determine Stent Encrustation]||Kidney Stones||N\A||University of California, Irvine
-|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|US Windpower
+|-
-|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|Speed control system for a variable speed wind turbine
+| [http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00288457?term=urologic+stent&rank=14 Ureteral Stent Length and Patient Symptoms]||Kidney Stones||Device: Ureteral Stent||Emory University
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|80
+|-
-|-valign="top"
+| [http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00166361?term=urologic+stent&rank=1 Drainage of Malignant Extrinsic Ureteral Obstruction Using the Memokath Ureteral Stent]||Ureteral Obstruction||Device: Memokath 051 Ureteral Stent||Mayo Clinic Engineers & Doctors Wallsten Medical Group
-|align = "center"|2
+|-
-|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PALL&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.htm&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=4982147.PN.&OS=PN/4982147&RS=PN/4982147 US4982147]</u></font>
+| [http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00739284?term=urologic+stent&rank=15 A Prospective Comparison Between Ureteral Stent and Nephrostomy Tube for an Urgent Drainage of Obstructed Kidney (JJVsPCN08)]||Kidney Disease||Device: nephrostomy tube and ureteral stent||Rabin Medical Center
-|align = "center"|01/01/91
-|Oregon State
-|Power factor motor control system
-|align = "center"|62
-|-valign="top"
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|3
-|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PALL&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.htm&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=5028804.PN.&OS=PN/5028804&RS=PN/5028804 US5028804]</u></font>
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|07/02/91
-|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|Oregon State
-|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|Brushless doubly-fed generator control system
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|51
-|-valign="top"
-|align = "center"|4
-|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PALL&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.htm&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=5239251.PN.&OS=PN/5239251&RS=PN/5239251 US5239251]</u></font>
-|align = "center"|08/24/93
-|Oregon State
-|Brushless doubly-fed motor control system
-|align = "center"|49
-|-valign="top"
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|5
-|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PALL&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.htm&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=6856038.PN.&OS=PN/6856038&RS=PN/6856038 US6856038]</u></font>
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|02/15/05
-|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|Vestas Wind Systems
-|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|Variable speed wind turbine having a matrix converter
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|43
-|-valign="top"
-|align = "center"|6
-|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://www.wipo.int/pctdb/en/wo.jsp?WO=1999029034 WO1999029034]</u></font>
-|align = "center"|06/10/99
-|Asea Brown
-|A method and a system for speed control of a rotating electrical machine with flux composed of two quantities
-|align = "center"|36
-|-valign="top"
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|7
-|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://www.wipo.int/pctdb/en/wo.jsp?WO=1999019963 WO1999019963]</u></font>
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|04/22/99
-|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|Asea Brown
-|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|Rotating electric machine
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|36
-|-valign="top"
-|align = "center"|8
-|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PALL&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.htm&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=7015595.PN.&OS=PN/7015595&RS=PN/7015595 US7015595]</u></font>
-|align = "center"|03/21/06
-|Vestas Wind Systems
-|Variable speed wind turbine having a passive grid side rectifier with scalar power control and dependent pitch control
-|align = "center"|34
-|-valign="top"
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|9
-|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PALL&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.htm&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=4763058.PN.&OS=PN/4763058&RS=PN/4763058 US4763058]</u></font>
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|08/09/88
-|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|Siemens
-|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|Method and apparatus for determining the flux angle of rotating field machine or for position-oriented operation of the machine
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|32
-|-valign="top"
-|align = "center"|10
-|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PALL&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.htm&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=7095131.PN.&OS=PN/7095131&RS=PN/7095131 US7095131]</u></font>
-|align = "center"|08/22/06
-|General Electric
-|Variable speed wind turbine generator
-|align = "center"|25
 |-
 |}
-===Top Cited Articles===
+==== Concluded trials ====
+{| {{table}}
+| align="center" |'''Title'''
+| align="center" |'''Abstract'''
+| align="center" |'''Enrollment'''
+| align="center" |'''Disorder'''
+| align="center" |'''Conclusion'''
+|-
+| Long-term outcome of permanent urethral stents in the treatment of detrusor-sphincter dyssynergia ||To evaluate the long-term efficacy of a permanently implanted urethral stent in the treatment of spinally injured patients with detrusor-sphincter dyssynergia.||13||Detrusor-sphincter dyssynergia||Stenting is an effective alternative to sphincterotomy in the long-term, although secondary bladder neck obstruction is a frequent problem.
+|-
+| Nephrostomy Tube or 'JJ' Ureteric Stent in Ureteric Obstruction: Assessment of Patient Perspectives Using Quality-of-Life Survey and Utility Analysis||Upper urinary tract obstruction is often relieved by either a percutaneous nephrostomy tube (PCN) or a ureteric stent. Both can cause considerable morbidity and reduce patient's health-related quality of life (QoL). We have compared the QoL in these 2 groups.||34||Upper urinary tract obstruction||Patients with 'JJ' stents have significantly more irritative urinary symptoms and a high chance of local discomfort than patients with nephrostomy tubes (PCN). However, based on the EuroQol analysis, there is no significant difference in the gross impact on the health-related QoL or the utility between these groups indicating no patient preference for either modality of treatment.
+|-
+| Impact of stents on urological complications and health care expenditure in renal transplant recipients: results of a prospective, randomized clinical trial.||A randomized, prospective trial to compare the incidence of early urological complications and health care expenditures in renal transplant recipients with or without ureteral stenting.||201||Renal transplant recipient||Using a ureteral stent at renal transplantation significantly decreases the early urinary complications of urine leakage and obstruction. However, there is a significant increase in urinary tract infections, primarily beyond 30 days after transplantation. Stent removal within 4 weeks of insertion appears advisable.
+|}
+====Adverse Events====
 {|border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" width="100%"
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD" width="38"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''S. No.'''</font>
+|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''S. No.'''
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''Title'''</font>
+|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Brand Name'''
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''Publication Date'''</font>
+|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Adverse Event'''
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''Journal/Conference'''</font>
+|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Date FDA Received'''
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''Citations Count'''</font>
+|-
-|-valign="top"
+|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''1'''
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|1
+|align = "justify"|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfMAUDE/Detail.cfm?MDRFOI__ID=660847 Cook Urologicals Cook Urological Stent]</u></font>
-|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpls/abs_all.jsp?&arnumber=502360 Doubly fed induction generator using back-to-back PWM converters and its application to variable-speed wind-energy generation]</u></font>
+|align = "justify"|Stent broke into  pieces while removing it from the patients body.
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|May. 1996
+|align = "center"|12/14/2005
-|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|IEEE Proceedings Electric Power Applications
+|-
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|906
+|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''2'''
-|-valign="top"
+|align = "justify"|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfMAUDE/Detail.CFM?MDRFOI__ID=930422 Boston Scoientific Boston Scientific Ureteral stent System]</u></font>
-|align = "center"|2
+|align = "justify"|Fractured stent seen under Fluroscopy
-|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpls/abs_all.jsp?&arnumber=999610 Doubly fed induction generator systems for wind turbines]</u></font>
+|align = "center"|10/17/2007
-|align = "center"|May. 2002
+|-
-|IEEE Industry Applications Magazine
+|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''3'''
-|align = "center"|508
+|align = "justify"|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfMAUDE/Detail.CFM?MDRFOI__ID=755260 Boston Scoientific Boston Scientific Ureteral Stent System Kit 8 FR X 24 CM]</u></font>
-|-valign="top"
+|align = "justify"|During insertion of ureteral stent, the stent broke into multiple parts which were retained in the patient.
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|3
+|align = "center"|10/14/2005
-|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpls/abs_all.jsp?&arnumber=1198317 Dynamic modeling of doubly fed induction generator wind turbines]</u></font>
+|-
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|May. 2003
+|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''4'''
-|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|IEEE Transactions on Power Systems
+|align = "justify"|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfMAUDE/Detail.CFM?MDRFOI__ID=564910 Boston Scientific Corp  Boston Scientific 8 FR X 28 CM Ureteral Stent System Kit]</u></font>
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|274
+|align = "justify"|Breakage of the upper loop of the ureteral stent while trying to insert it.
-|-valign="top"
+|align = "center"|1/5/2005
-|align = "center"|4
+|-
-|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpls/abs_all.jsp?arnumber=1201089 Modeling and control of a wind turbine driven doubly fed induction generator]</u></font>
+|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''5'''
-|align = "center"|Jun. 2003
+|align = "justify"|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfMAUDE/Detail.CFM?MDRFOI__ID=522129 Boston Scientific Bostoon Scientific Micro Vasive Contour VL Ureteral Stent]</u></font>
-|IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion
+|align = "justify"|Broken stent observed during x-ray procedure.
-|align = "center"|271
+|align = "center"|12/12/2003
-|-valign="top"
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|5
-|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/iel5/60/30892/01432858.pdf?arnumber=1432858 Ride through of wind turbines with doubly-fed induction generator during a voltage dip]</u></font>
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|Jun. 2005
-|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|246
-|-valign="top"
-|align = "center"|6
-|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpls/abs_all.jsp?arnumber=970114 Dynamic modeling of a wind turbine with doubly fed induction generator]</u></font>
-|align = "center"|July. 2001
-|IEEE Power Engineering Society Summer Meeting, 2001
-|align = "center"|196
-|-valign="top"
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|7
-|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpls/abs_all.jsp?arnumber=1597345 Modeling of the wind turbine with a doubly fed induction generator for grid integration studies]</u></font>
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|Mar. 2006
-|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|174
-|-valign="top"
-|align = "center"|8
-|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpls/abs_all.jsp?&arnumber=543631 A doubly fed induction generator using back-to-back PWM converters supplying an isolated load from a variable speed wind turbine]</u></font>
-|align = "center"|Sept. 1996
-|IEEE Proceedings Electric Power Applications
-|align = "center"|150
-|-valign="top"
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|9
-|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpls/abs_all.jsp?&arnumber=1432853 Doubly fed induction generator model for transient stability analysis]</u></font>
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|Jun. 2005
-|bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion
-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DCE6F1"|106
-|-valign="top"
-|align = "center"|10
-|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpls/abs_all.jsp?arnumber=1677655 Control of a doubly fed induction generator in a wind turbine during grid fault ride-through]</u></font>
-|align = "center"|Sept. 2006
-|IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion
-|align = "center"|112
 |-
 |}
+[[Media: non patent upload.xls|'''Review Articles''']]<br>
+[[Media: non patent upload1.xls|'''Non Patent Analysis''']]
-===White Space Analysis===
+=== Products ===
-* White-space analysis provides the technology growth and gaps in the technology where further R&D can be done to gain competitive edge and to carry out incremental innovation.
+{| {{table}}
-* Dolcera provides White Space Analysis in different  dimensions. Based on Product, Market, Method of Use, Capabilities or Application or Business Area and defines the exact categories within the dimension.
+| align="center"|'''Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc.'''
-* Below table shows a sample representation of white space analysis for controlling DFIG parameters with converters, based on the sample analysis.
+| align="center"|'''Cook Urological Incorporated'''
-{|border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="14" width="20%"
+| align="center"|'''OptiMed Global Care'''
-| style="background-color:#4F81BD;"| <center><font color="#FFFFFF">'''White Space of converters used to control'''</font></center>
+|-
-| style="background-color:#4F81BD;"| <center><font color="#FFFFFF">'''Active power'''</font></center>
+| Polaris™ Ultra Ureteral Stent
-| style="background-color:#4F81BD;"| <center><font color="#FFFFFF">'''Reactive Power'''</font></center>
+| Firlit-Kluge Urethral Stent
-| style="background-color:#4F81BD;"| <center><font color="#FFFFFF">'''Decoupled P-Q control'''</font></center>
+| Opti-J Ureteral Stent System
-| style="background-color:#4F81BD;"| <center><font color="#FFFFFF">'''Field oriented control'''</font></center>
+|-
-| style="background-color:#4F81BD;"| <center><font color="#FFFFFF">'''Direct torque control'''</font></center>
+| Polaris™ Loop Ureteral Stent
-| style="background-color:#4F81BD;"| <center><font color="#FFFFFF">'''Speed control'''</font></center>
+| Koyle Diaper Stent
-| style="background-color:#4F81BD;"| <center><font color="#FFFFFF">'''Frequency Control'''</font></center>
+| Ureteral Stent Sets, ureterorenoscope
-| style="background-color:#4F81BD;"| <center><font color="#FFFFFF">'''Pitch control'''</font></center>
+|-
-| style="background-color:#4F81BD;"| <center><font color="#FFFFFF">'''PWM Technique'''</font></center>
+| Stretch™ VL Variable Length Flexima® Stents
-| style="background-color:#4F81BD;"| <center><font color="#FFFFFF">'''Low voltage ride through'''</font></center>
+| Silicone Universal Drainage Stent
-| style="background-color:#4F81BD;"| <center><font color="#FFFFFF">'''Network fault/Grid fault'''</font></center>
+| Extra Strong Stent Sets (-Tumor)
-| style="background-color:#4F81BD;"| <center><font color="#FFFFFF">'''Symmetrical and Asymmetrical Faults'''</font></center>
-| style="background-color:#4F81BD;"| <center><font color="#FFFFFF">'''Temp control'''</font></center>
 |-
-| style="background-color:#4F81BD;"| <center><font color="#FFFFFF">'''Grid Side active converters'''</font></center>
-|[http://appft1.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=%2220070052394%22.PGNR.&OS=DN/20070052394&RS=DN/20070052394 US20070052394A1]
-[http://appft1.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=%2220060028025%22.PGNR.&OS=DN/20060028025&RS=DN/20060028025 US20060028025A1]
-|[http://appft1.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=%2220100148508%22.PGNR.&OS=DN/20100148508&RS=DN/20100148508 US20100148508A1]
-[http://appft1.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=%2220100133816%22.PGNR.&OS=DN/20100133816&RS=DN/20100133816 US20100133816A1]
-[http://v3.espacenet.com/searchResults?NUM=EP2166226A1&DB=EPODOC&submitted=true&locale=en_V3&ST=number&compact=false EP2166226A1]
-[http://appft1.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=%2220070132248%22.PGNR.&OS=DN/20070132248&RS=DN/20070132248 US20070132248A1]
-[http://appft1.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=%2220070052394%22.PGNR.&OS=DN/20070052394&RS=DN/20070052394 US20070052394A1]
-[http://appft1.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=%2220100096853%22.PGNR.&OS=DN/20100096853&RS=DN/20100096853 US20100096853A1]
-|[http://appft1.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=%2220100114388%22.PGNR.&OS=DN/20100114388&RS=DN/20100114388 US20100114388A1]
 |
+| Tarkington Urethral Stent Set
+| Steerable Ureteral Stent Sets
+|-
 |
-| style="background-color:#ffffff;"| [http://appft1.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=%2220090008938%22.PGNR.&OS=DN/20090008938&RS=DN/20090008938 US20090008938A1]
+| Zaontz Urethral Stent
-| style="background-color:#ffffff;"| [http://www.wipo.int/pctdb/en/wo.jsp?WO=2010079234 WO2010079234A1]
+| Multilength
-[http://appft1.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=%2220090230689%22.PGNR.&OS=DN/20090230689&RS=DN/20090230689 US20090230689A1]
-[http://appft1.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=%2220090206606%22.PGNR.&OS=DN/20090206606&RS=DN/20090206606 US20090206606A1]
-[http://appft1.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=%2220070024247%22.PGNR.&OS=DN/20070024247&RS=DN/20070024247 US20070024247A1]
-|[http://appft1.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=%2220090206606%22.PGNR.&OS=DN/20090206606&RS=DN/20090206606 US20090206606A1]
-[http://appft1.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=%2220080129050%22.PGNR.&OS=DN/20080129050&RS=DN/20080129050 US20080129050A1]
-|[http://appft1.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=%2220100156192%22.PGNR.&OS=DN/20100156192&RS=DN/20100156192 US20100156192A1]
-[http://appft1.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=%2220070182383%22.PGNR.&OS=DN/20070182383&RS=DN/20070182383 US20070182383A1]
-| style="background-color:#ffffff;"| [http://appft1.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=%2220100002475%22.PGNR.&OS=DN/20100002475&RS=DN/20100002475 US20100002475A1]
-[http://appft1.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=%2220080296898%22.PGNR.&OS=DN/20080296898&RS=DN/20080296898 US20080296898A1]
-[http://appft1.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=%2220070273155%22.PGNR.&OS=DN/20070273155&RS=DN/20070273155 US20070273155A1]
-[http://appft1.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=%2220070278797%22.PGNR.&OS=DN/20070278797&RS=DN/20070278797 US20070278797A1]
-|[http://appft1.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=%2220070052244%22.PGNR.&OS=DN/20070052244&RS=DN/20070052244 US20070052244A1]
-[http://appft1.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=%2220070024059%22.PGNR.&OS=DN/20070024059&RS=DN/20070024059 US20070024059A1]
-[http://appft1.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=%2220060238929%22.PGNR.&OS=DN/20060238929&RS=DN/20060238929 US20060238929A1]
-|[http://appft1.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=%2220070177314%22.PGNR.&OS=DN/20070177314&RS=DN/20070177314 US20070177314A1]
-| style="background-color:#ffffff;"|[http://v3.espacenet.com/searchResults?NUM=EP2166226A1&DB=EPODOC&submitted=true&locale=en_V3&ST=number&compact=false EP2166226A1]
-[http://appft1.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=%2220090121483%22.PGNR.&OS=DN/20090121483&RS=DN/20090121483 US20090121483A1]
-[http://appft1.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=%2220090008938%22.PGNR.&OS=DN/20090008938&RS=DN/20090008938 US20090008938A1]
 |-
-| style="background-color:#4F81BD;"| <center><font color="#FFFFFF">'''Grid side passive converters'''</font></center>
-|[http://appft1.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=%2220030151259%22.PGNR.&OS=DN/20030151259&RS=DN/20030151259 US20030151259A1]
-|[http://appft1.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=%2220030151259%22.PGNR.&OS=DN/20030151259&RS=DN/20030151259 US20030151259A1]
-|
-|
-|
-|
-|
-|[http://appft1.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=%2220030151259%22.PGNR.&OS=DN/20030151259&RS=DN/20030151259 US20030151259A1]
 |
+| Pediatric Urethral C-Stent
 |
+|-
+|}
+=== Startup activity ===
+* [http://twincities.bizjournals.com/twincities/stories/2008/07/28/story8.html AbbeyMoor Medical Inc.], a med-tech firm that’s developed devices for treating urological disorders, has raised $2.7 million in bridge financing.
+== Phase 2: Deeper Dive ==
+=== Scenario ===
+Client wishes to acquire a ureteral stent company.
+=== Deal analysis for a target company ===
+[[Image:DealImplications.jpg|thumb|center|700px|Deal implications]]
+=== Design History File Review: Review components ===
+{| class="wikitable" style="font-size:90%" border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0"
+|- style="background:lightgrey"
+!align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" width="15%"|Review
+!bgcolor = "#00CCFF" width="30%"|Verification
+!bgcolor = "#00CCFF" width="40%"|Tasks
+!bgcolor = "#00CCFF" width="15%"|Expertise
+|-
+!rowspan="2"|Design Input
+| Design input documents for sufficiency
+|
+# Access electronic data room.
+# Check what documents are provided.
+# Compare document list with standard client document list.
+# Check whether each specified document has appropriate content.
+| rowspan="2"|Quality systems
+|-
+| Design input documents linked to the product performance specifications
 |
+# Compare product specifications to design inputs
+# Check whether appropriate verifications and validations are performed
+# Establish if all specifications are linked to design inputs
+|-
+!rowspan="3"|Product Performance Specifications (PPS)
+| Design inputs correlate adequately to the specifications; DV&V (design verification and validation) criteria are based on risk management documentation or if the criteria are based on sound statistical sampling plans
+|
+# Compare product specifications to design inputs
+# Check whether appropriate verifications and validations are performed
+# Establish if all specifications are linked to design inputs
+| rowspan="3"|Quality systems, CAD
+|-
+| Appropriate design verification and validations (DV&V) are performed
+|
+# Show DV&V criteria are based on risk management requirements
+|-
+| Product performance specifications correspond to appropriate design output documents
+|
+# Correlate design drawings with the specifications
+# Check whether maximum dimensions, sizes etc. (with tolerances) are within the specified range
+|-
+!rowspan="4"|Risk Management Documents
+| Risk Analysis, Design Failure Modes and Effects Analysis (DFMEA), Process FMEA, other risk management documentation
+|
+# Check whether documentation is available
+# Check whether it adheres to appropriate ISO 14971 standards
+# Check whether it adheres to appropriate client standards
+|rowspan="4"| Quality systems
+|-
+| DFMEA links appropriately to the PPS
+|
+# Verify whether DFMEA and product specifications are correlated
+|-
+| Appropriate DV&V reports and design output documents are referenced correctly as risk mitigation activities in the DFMEA
+|
+# Validate the process and correlate with design inputs
+# Validate that sizes used are within range of risk mitigation criteria
+|-
+| PFMEA links appropriately to the process validation protocol acceptance criteria; In-process inspection procedures and/or manufacturing procedures are recorded as appropriate risk mitigation activities in the PFMEA
+|
+# Validate the process protocol
+# Validate the inspection procedures used
+|-
+!rowspan="2"|Design Output Documents
+| Completeness of drawings
 |
+# Check if the CAD diagrams overlay and "fit" perfectly
+# Check tolerance stackups
+|rowspan="2"| Quality systems, CAD
+|-
+| Correlate First Article Inspection data to the dimensions on the drawings
+|
+# Obtain First Article Inspection data
+# Check if this data correlates with the completeness of drawings
+|-
+!rowspan="4"|Manufacturing Documents
+| Manufacturing procedures, component specifications, raw material specifications, incoming and in-process inspection procedures for completeness
+|
+# Verify the Bill of Materials corresponds to raw materials and manufacturing procedures
+# Correlate incoming and in-process inspection procedures with the process specifications
+| rowspan="4"|Material science, manufacturing engineering, quality systems
+|-
+| Linkage between component and raw material specifications and appropriate incoming inspection procedures
+|
+# Identify any missing documentation for inspection procedures
+|-
+|-
+| Inspection procedures have adequate sampling plans based on PFMEA risk mitigation levels – this includes packaging and labeling materials
+|
+# Review supplier audit reports for compliance
+|-
+| Calibration records and preventive maintenance records; in-process / incoming inspection test methods and related test method validations
+|
+# Check the entire equipment-related lifecycle
+# Check if machine operational qualification was performed
+# Check if the measurement equipment was validated
+|-
+!rowspan="2"|Validation Report
+| DV&V reports, Shelf-life reports, Biocompatibility test reports, Sterilization reports, Packaging Validation reports, Process Validation Reports
 |
+# Ensure all reports are available and linked together appropriately
+# Identify all inconsistencies across different reports
+| rowspan="2"| Quality systems
+|-
+| Design test methods and related test method validations
+|
+# Compare test methods used to those in client and ISO standards
+# Identify inconsistencies across test methods
+|-
+|}
+=== Sample report ===
+==== Performance/Functional Characteristics ====
+{| class="wikitable" style="font-size:90%" border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0"
+|- style="background:lightgrey"
+!align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" colspan = "4" |Design Input
+!align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" width="5%" rowspan="2"|Design Output
+!align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" width="5%" rowspan="2"|Design Verification Report #
+!align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" width="5%" rowspan="2"|Status (P/F/R)
+!align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" width="5%" rowspan="2"|Design Validation Report #
+!align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" width="5%" rowspan="2"|Status (P/F/R)
+|-
+!align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" width="20%"|User Needs
+!align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" width="15%"|User Need Rationale
+!align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" width="20%"|Engineering Specification
+!align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" width="20%"|Engineering Specification Rationale
+|-
+|Provide antimicrobial resistance for up to 2 weeks
+|Ureteral Stent User Survey (Document #XXXXX)
+|Stent must have chlorohexadine surface concentration of 10-20 mg/cm2 for 3 weeks
+|Document #XXXXX
+|Test Document #XXXXX
+|Report 01-005-06-007
+|P
+|Report 01-005-06-007
+|P
+|-
+|}
+=== Potential DHF Review Outcomes ===
+Based on a review of the above DHF documents a potential outcome for the uretral stent acquisition project could involve the following:
+# Better explanation of existing design input documents and also better linkage between the design inputs and product specifications.
+# Creation of some new test methods for design, incoming and in-process inspections and also include recommendations for the test method validations. Creation of any new DV&V data would be highly unlikely as it could potentially trigger a new submission or a note-to-file to the regulatory agencies.
+# Change in raw materials to better grade materials e.g. Switching resin to a USP Class VI biocompatible resin. This would eliminate some on-going testing but require additional upfront one time biocompatibility testing.
+# Updating drawings based on results from the FAI data.
+# Converting existing Company Y documents into Company X format and identifying potential gaps and streamlining linkage between raw material specifications and inspection procedures.
+# Identifying installation, operational and process qualification requirements with the assumption that no additional design verification and validation activities are required based on the fact that the device is currently approved for sale in the US and ROW.
+# Recommend activities necessary for completing packaging, labeling, ship testing and shelf-life testing. Stress should be on being able to leverage existing data for shelf-life without changing the regulatory status of the device.
+# Company X may want to perform additional biocompatibility testing to create an internal baseline and also update their biocompatibility files.
+# Help streamline suppliers for components when switching over from Company Y to Company X. Search for existing Company X suppliers that can supply off the shelf items that Company Y may be sourcing from other vendors / suppliers.
+# Identify process improvements that can be rolled into the manufacturing transfer without changing the design and impacting the existing regulatory status for the device e.g. instead of hand mixing pigment to resin use a pre-mixer to control quality of mixing and resulting extrusion or perform the molding and over-molding steps in 1 machine instead of 2 separate molding machines.
+== Phase 3: Post-acquisition integration ==
+=== Deadlines ===
+'''Goal''': Switch production transparently to new facilities transparently to the distribution system
+{| class="wikitable" style="font-size:90%" border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0"
+|- style="background:lightgrey"
+!align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" |Stage
+!align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" |Tasks
+!align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" |Milestone payment
+!align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" |Date
 |-
-| style="background-color:#4F81BD;"| <center><font color="#FFFFFF">'''Rotor side converter'''</font></center>
+|Design center integration plan
-|[http://appft1.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=%2220100142237%22.PGNR.&OS=DN/20100142237&RS=DN/20100142237 US20100142237A1]
-[http://appft1.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=%2220070052394%22.PGNR.&OS=DN/20070052394&RS=DN/20070052394 US20070052394A1]
-[http://appft1.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=%2220060028025%22.PGNR.&OS=DN/20060028025&RS=DN/20060028025 US20060028025A1]
-|[http://appft1.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=%2220100096853%22.PGNR.&OS=DN/20100096853&RS=DN/20100096853 US20100096853A1]
-[http://appft1.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=%2220100148508%22.PGNR.&OS=DN/20100148508&RS=DN/20100148508 US20100148508A1]
-[http://appft1.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=%2220100133816%22.PGNR.&OS=DN/20100133816&RS=DN/20100133816 US20100133816A1]
-[http://appft1.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=%2220070132248%22.PGNR.&OS=DN/20070132248&RS=DN/20070132248 US20070132248A1]
-[http://appft1.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=%2220070052394%22.PGNR.&OS=DN/20070052394&RS=DN/20070052394 US20070052394A1]
-|[http://appft1.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=%2220100114388%22.PGNR.&OS=DN/20100114388&RS=DN/20100114388 US20100114388A1]
 |
+* Gap analysis completion (acquiree)
+* Gap analysis completion (acquirer)
 |
-| style="background-color:#ffffff;"| [http://appft1.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=%2220090008938%22.PGNR.&OS=DN/20090008938&RS=DN/20090008938 US20090008938A1]
+|September 15, 2008
-| style="background-color:#ffffff;"|[http://www.wipo.int/pctdb/en/wo.jsp?WO=2010079234 WO2010079234A1]
-[http://appft1.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=%2220090230689%22.PGNR.&OS=DN/20090230689&RS=DN/20090230689 US20090230689A1]
-[http://appft1.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=%2220070024247%22.PGNR.&OS=DN/20070024247&RS=DN/20070024247 US20070024247A1]
-| style="background-color:#ffffff;"| [http://appft1.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=%2220080129050%22.PGNR.&OS=DN/20080129050&RS=DN/20080129050 US20080129050A1]
-|[http://appft1.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=%2220070182383%22.PGNR.&OS=DN/20070182383&RS=DN/20070182383 US20070182383A1]
-| style="background-color:#ffffff;"|[http://appft1.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=%2220100002475%22.PGNR.&OS=DN/20100002475&RS=DN/20100002475 US20100002475A1]
-[http://appft1.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=%2220080296898%22.PGNR.&OS=DN/20080296898&RS=DN/20080296898 US20080296898A1]
-[http://appft1.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=%2220070273155%22.PGNR.&OS=DN/20070273155&RS=DN/20070273155 US20070273155A1]
-[http://appft1.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=%2220070278797%22.PGNR.&OS=DN/20070278797&RS=DN/20070278797 US20070278797A1]
-| style="background-color:#ffffff;"|[http://appft1.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=%2220080157533%22.PGNR.&OS=DN/20080157533&RS=DN/20080157533 US20080157533A1]
-[http://appft1.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=%2220070052244%22.PGNR.&OS=DN/20070052244&RS=DN/20070052244 US20070052244A1]
-[http://appft1.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=%2220070024059%22.PGNR.&OS=DN/20070024059&RS=DN/20070024059 US20070024059A1]
-[http://appft1.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=%2220060238929%22.PGNR.&OS=DN/20060238929&RS=DN/20060238929 US20060238929A1]
-| style="background-color:#ffffff;"|[http://appft1.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=%2220090273185%22.PGNR.&OS=DN/20090273185&RS=DN/20090273185 US20090273185A1]
-[http://appft1.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=%2220070177314%22.PGNR.&OS=DN/20070177314&RS=DN/20070177314 US20070177314A1]
-|[http://appft1.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=%2220090121483%22.PGNR.&OS=DN/20090121483&RS=DN/20090121483 US20090121483A1]
-[http://appft1.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=%2220090008938%22.PGNR.&OS=DN/20090008938&RS=DN/20090008938 US20090008938A1]
 |-
-| style="background-color:#4F81BD;"| <center><font color="#FFFFFF">'''Matrix converters'''</font></center>
+|Design to manufacturing transfer
 |
-| style="background-color:#ffffff;"| [http://appft1.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=%2220020079706%22.PGNR.&OS=DN/20020079706&RS=DN/20020079706 US20020079706A1]
 |
-|[http://appft1.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=%2220070216164%22.PGNR.&OS=DN/20070216164&RS=DN/20070216164 US20070216164A1]
+|December 15, 2008
-|[http://appft1.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=%2220090265040%22.PGNR.&OS=DN/20090265040&RS=DN/20090265040 US20090265040A1]
+|-
+|Equipment transfer
 |
+|Milestone I payment
+|Jan 7, 2009
+|-
+|Shut production at acquiree facility
+|Negotiation for contract extension
+|Milestone II payment
+|Feb 15, 2009
+|-
+|Start production in acquirer facility
 |
-|[http://appft1.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=%2220070216164%22.PGNR.&OS=DN/20070216164&RS=DN/20070216164 US20070216164A1]
 |
+|Feb 7, 2009
+|-
+|Switch to new SKU
 |
 |
+|Feb 15, 2009
+|-
+|End development of new generation product/s in old facility
 |
 |
+|Feb 7, 2009
+|-
+|Restart development of new generation product/s post-acquisition
+|
+|Final milestone payment
+|Mar 1, 2009
+|-
 |}
-== Dolcera Dashboard ==
+=== Documents and Ownership ===
-[[Image:dashboard_features.png|center|750px|]]
+{| class="wikitable" style="font-size:90%" border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0"
+|- style="background:lightgrey"
-'''Dashboard Link'''<br>
+!align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" |Document
-{|border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" width="100%"
+!align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" |Owner
-|'''[http://client.dolcera.com/dashboard/dashboard.html?workfile_id=825 Doubly Fed Induction Generator - Dashboard] '''
+!align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" |Last update date
-|width="100"|[[Image:dashboard_thumb.png|center|100px|]]
+|-
+|Product performance specifications
+|Paul Swain
+|07/27/2008 08:15:35 PST
+|-
+|Component specifications
+|Kevin Teller
+|06/12/2008 12:22:07 PST
+|-
+|Preclinical test results
+|Joanne Krannert
+|07/03/2008 14:17:00 PST
+|-
+|Clinical tests
+|Joanne Krannert
+|08/01/2008 08:00:55 PST
 |-
 |}
-*Flash Player is essential to view the Dolcera dashboard
+==Ureteral stents regulatory issues==
+The FDA classifies a ureteric stent as follows:
+* TITLE 21       - FOOD AND DRUGS
+* CHAPTER I      - FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES
+* SUBCHAPTER H   - MEDICAL DEVICES
+* PART 876       - GASTROENTEROLOGY-UROLOGY DEVICES
+* Subpart E      - Surgical Devices
+* Sec. 876.4620  - Ureteral stent.
+* Classification - class II device [http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/SCRIPTS/cdrh/cfdocs/cfCFR/CFRSearch.cfm?fr=876.4620&SearchTerm=ureter%20stent Code of Federal Regulations]
+===Pre-Market Notification===
+Section 510(k) of the Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act requires device manufacturers who must register, to notify FDA of their intent to market a medical device at least 90 days in advance, also known as Premarket Notification. This premarket submission demonstrates to the FDA that the device to be marketed is atleast as safe and effective, that is, ''substantially equivalent'', to a legally marketed device. Parties required to submit a 510(k) to the FDA include domestic or foreign manufacturers introducing a device to the U.S. market, as well as specification developers and repackers/relabelers.
-==Key Findings==
+A 510(k) is required when:
-=== Major Players ===
+* Introducing a device into commercial distribution (marketing) for the first time.
-* [http://www.vestas.com/ Vestas Wind Energy Systems] and [http://www.ge.com/ General Electric] are the major players in wind energy generation technology.
+* Proposed different intended use for a device already in commercial distribution.
-[[Image:Wind_Major_Players.png|center|thumb|700px|'''Major Players''']]
+* Change or modification of a legally marketed device.
-=== Key Patents ===
+[http://dolcera.com/upload/files/510kflowchart.pdf 510(k) “Substantial Equivalence” Decision Making Process]
-* The key patents in the field are held by [http://www.windpoweringamerica.gov/wind_installed_capacity.asp US Windpower], [http://www.oregon.gov/ENERGY/RENEW/Wind/windhome.shtml Oregon State] and [http://www.vestas.com/ Vestas Wind Energy Systems].
+Some of the companies active in the field of ureteral stents have been represented in the table below. (This is not an exhaustive list and is just a sample)
+{| border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" width="100%"
+| style="background-color:#ffcc99;padding:0.079cm;"| <center>'''Sr. No. '''</center>
+| style="background-color:#ffcc99;padding:0.079cm;"| <center>'''Company'''</center>
+| style="background-color:#ffcc99;padding:0.079cm;"| <center>'''Device'''</center>
+| style="background-color:#ffcc99;padding:0.079cm;"| <center>'''Approval'''</center>
+| style="background-color:#ffcc99;padding:0.079cm;"| <center>'''Date of Approval'''</center>
+| style="background-color:#ffcc99;padding:0.079cm;"| <center>'''Material'''</center>
+| style="background-color:#ffcc99;padding:0.079cm;"| <center>'''Technology'''</center>
+| style="background-color:#ffcc99;padding:0.079cm;"| <center>'''Indwelling time (days) '''</center>
+| style="background-color:#ffcc99;padding:0.079cm;"| <center>'''Image'''</center>
+|-
+| style="background-color:#ffcc99;padding:0.079cm;"| <center>'''1'''</center>
+| style="background-color:#ccffff;padding:0.079cm;"| <center>[http://www.bardurological.com/products/categoryTwo.aspx?bUnitID=3&catOneID=71 Bard Urological]</center>
+| style="background-color:#ccffff;padding:0.079cm;"| <center>[http://www.bardurological.com/products/loadProduct.aspx?bUnitID=3∏ID=225 InLay Optima]</center>
+| style="background-color:#ccffff;padding:0.079cm;"| <center>[http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfPMN/pmn.cfm?ID=16869 FDA 510(k)]</center>
+| style="background-color:#ccffff;padding:0.079cm;"| <center>Dec 2004</center>
+| style="background-color:#ccffff;padding:0.079cm;"| Silicone
+| style="background-color:#ccffff;padding:0.079cm;"| Double pigtail with monofilament suture loop
+| style="background-color:#ccffff;padding:0.079cm;"| <center>365</center>
+| style="background-color:#ccffff;padding:0.079cm;"| [[Image:InLay_Optima.png|thumb|center|200px|<center>InLay Optima</center>]]
+|-
+| style="background-color:#ffcc99;padding:0.079cm;"| <center>'''2'''</center>
+| style="padding:0.079cm;"| <center>[http://www.bostonscientific.com/Device.bsci/,,/method/DevHome/navRelId/1000.1003/seo.serve Boston Scientific]</center>
+| style="padding:0.079cm;"| <center>[http://www.bostonscientific.com/urology-stone/product.html?method=product_detail∏uct_id=10122561#initialLoad1() Polaris Loop]</center>
+| style="padding:0.079cm;"| <center>[http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfPMN/pmn.cfm?ID=10929 FDA 510(k)]</center>
+| style="padding:0.079cm;"| <center>Mar 2003</center>
+| style="padding:0.079cm;"| Dual Durometer Percuflex with HydroPlus Coating
+| style="padding:0.079cm;"| Bladder loop design
+| style="padding:0.079cm;"| <center>365</center>
+| style="padding:0.079cm;"| [[Image:Polaris_Loop.png|thumb|center|200px|<center>Polaris Loop</center>]]
+|-
+| style="background-color:#ffcc99;padding:0.079cm;"| <center>'''3'''</center>
+| style="background-color:#ccffff;padding:0.079cm;"| <center>[http://www.cookmedical.com/uro/familyListingAction.do?family=Ureteral+Stents Cook Medical]</center>
+| style="background-color:#ccffff;padding:0.079cm;"| <center>[http://www.cookmedical.com/uro/dataSheet.do?id=4418 Resonance]</center>
+| style="background-color:#ccffff;padding:0.079cm;"| <center>[http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfPMN/pmn.cfm?ID=23620 FDA 510(k)]</center>
+| style="background-color:#ccffff;padding:0.079cm;"| <center>May 2007</center>
+| style="background-color:#ccffff;padding:0.079cm;"| Metal
+| style="background-color:#ccffff;padding:0.079cm;"| Temporary stenting
+| style="background-color:#ccffff;padding:0.079cm;"| <center>365</center>
+| style="background-color:#ccffff;padding:0.079cm;"| [[Image:Resonance.png|thumb|center|200px|<center>Resonance</center>]]
+|-
+| style="background-color:#ffcc99;padding:0.079cm;" rowspan="2"| <center>'''4'''</center>
+| style="padding:0.079cm;" rowspan="2"| <center>[http://www.fossamedical.com/news.htm Fossa Medical]</center>
+| style="padding:0.079cm;" rowspan="2"| <center>[http://dolcera.com/upload/files/stonesweeper_fossa_trial.pdf Stone Sweeper]</center>
+| style="padding:0.079cm;"| <center>[http://www.fossamedical.com/news.htm FDA 510(k)]</center>
+| style="padding:0.079cm;"| <center>Aug 2002</center>
+| style="padding:0.079cm;" rowspan="2"| Polyurethane
+| style="padding:0.079cm;" rowspan="2"| Spiral radially expanding stent
+| style="padding:0.079cm;" rowspan="2"| <center>13</center>
+| style="padding:0.079cm;" rowspan="2"| [[Image:Stone_Sweeper.png|thumb|center|200px|<center>Stone Sweeper</center>]]
+|-
+| style="padding:0.079cm;"| <center>[http://www.fossamedical.com/news.htm CE Mark]</center>
+| style="padding:0.079cm;"| <center>Sep 2005</center>
+|-
+| style="background-color:#ffcc99;padding:0.079cm;"| <center>'''5'''</center>
+| style="background-color:#ccffff;padding:0.079cm;"| <center>[http://www.pnnmedical.com/urology/professionals/products/memokath™-051-ureter.aspx Pnn Medical A/S]</center>
+| style="background-color:#ccffff;padding:0.079cm;"| <center>[http://www.google.com/url?sa=t&source=web&cd=4&ved=0CC4QFjAD&url=http://www.hammer.pl/pliki/147_2.pdf&rct=j&q=memokath%20051&ei=MfhATezNIoaqvQP-_ZGtAw&usg=AFQjCNFR-ZFsu33rk6B9Flq1tCsYBZyXMw&cad=rja Memokath 051]</center>
+| style="background-color:#ccffff;padding:0.079cm;"| <center>[http://www.pnnmedical.com/about-pnn-medical/company-history.aspx CE Mark]</center>
+| style="background-color:#ccffff;padding:0.079cm;"| <center>1995</center>
+| style="background-color:#ccffff;padding:0.079cm;"| Nickel-titanium shape memory alloy
+| style="background-color:#ccffff;padding:0.079cm;"| Double fluted ended spiral stent
+| style="background-color:#ccffff;padding:0.079cm;"| <center>240</center>
+| style="background-color:#ccffff;padding:0.079cm;"| [[Image:Memokath_051.png|thumb|center|200px|<center>Memokath 051</center>]]
+|}
-[[Image:wind_top_cited.png|center|thumb|700px|'''Key Patents''']]
+===Timeline Sheet===
+[[Media:Ureteral_Stents_Timeline dw.xls|Ureteral Stent Timeline]]
-=== IP Activity ===
-* Patenting activity has seen a very high growth rate in the last two years.
-[[Image:ind_pat_act_3.png|center|thumb|700px|'''Year wise IP Activity''']]
-=== Geographical Activity ===
+*References
-* USA, China, Germany, Spain, and India are very active in wind energy research.
-[[Image:wind_geographical_act.png|center|thumb|700px|'''Geographical Activity''']]
-=== Research Trend ===
+- [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Demographics_of_the_United_States http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Demographics_of_the_United_States]
-* Around 86% patents are on controlling the doubly-fed induction generation(DFIG) which indicates high research activity going on in rating and controlling of the DFIG systems.
-=== Issues in the Technology ===
+- [http://www.wrongdiagnosis.com/c/catheter_infection/stats.htm?ktrack=kcplink http://www.wrongdiagnosis.com/c/catheter_infection/stats.htm?ktrack=kcplink]
-* 86% of the patent on DFIG operation are focusing on grid connected mode of operation, suggesting continuous operation of the DFIG system during weak and storm winds, grid voltage sags, and grid faults are major issues in the current scenario.
-[[Image:Windenergyanalysis.jpg|center|1200px|thumb|'''Problem Solution Mapping''']]
+- [http://www.fda.gov/downloads/ScienceResearch/SpecialTopics/WomensHealthResearch/UCM247851.pdf http://www.fda.gov/downloads/ScienceResearch/SpecialTopics/WomensHealthResearch/UCM247851.pdf]
-=== Emerging Player ===
+- [http://www.managementparadise.com/forums/principles-management-p-o-m/208329-swot-analysis-boston-scientific-corporation.html http://www.managementparadise.com/forums/principles-management-p-o-m/208329-swot-analysis-boston-scientific-corporation.html]
-* [http://www.woodward.com/ Woodward] is a new and fast developing player in the field of DFIG technology. The company filed 10 patent applications in the field in year 2010, while it has no prior IP activity.
-=<span style="color:#C41E3A">Like this report?</span>=
+==<span style="color:#C41E3A">Like this report?</span>==
 <p align="center"> '''This is only a sample report with brief analysis''' <br>
 '''Dolcera can provide a comprehensive report customized to your needs'''</p>
@@ Line 1,130: / Line 1,041: @@
 |}
 <br>
-=References =
-{|border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" width="100%"
-|-valign="top"
-|'''Background References'''
-# [http://www.brighthub.com/environment/renewable-energy/articles/71440.aspx Wind Energy History]
-# [[Media:windenergy.pdf| Wind Energy]]
-# [http://windeis.anl.gov/guide/basics/index.cfm Wind Energy Basics]
-# [http://www1.eere.energy.gov/windandhydro/wind_how.html#inside How Wind Turbines Work]
-# [http://www.windpowertv.com/forum/index.php?topic=18.0 Different types of wind turbines]
-# [http://www.house-energy.com/Wind/Offshore-Onshore.htm Onshore Vs Offshore Wind Turbines]
-# [http://library.thinkquest.org/06aug/01335/wind%20Power.htm Wind Power]
-# [http://www.ehow.com/list_5938067_types-wind-farms-there_.html Types of Wind Farms]
-# [http://www.offshorewindenergy.org/ca-owee/indexpages/Offshore_technology.php?file=offtech_p2.php Offshore Technology]
-# [http://windsine.org/?act=spage&f=wind The Fundamentals of Wind Energy]
-# [http://windertower.com/ Winder Tower]
-# [http://www.thesolarguide.com/wind-power/wind-towers.aspx Wind Towers]
-# [http://guidedtour.windpower.org/en/tour/design/concepts.htm Wind Turbine Blades]
-# [http://www.wind-energy-the-facts.org/en/part-i-technology/chapter-3-wind-turbine-technology/evolution-of-commercial-wind-turbine-technology/design-styles.html Wind Turbine Design Styles]
-# [http://www.awewind.com/Products/TurbineConstruction/MainAssembly/RotorHub/tabid/81/Default.aspx Rotor Hub Assembly]
-# [http://www.gears-gearbox.com/wind-turbines.html Gearbox for Wind Turbines]
-# [http://guidedtour.windpower.org/en/tour/wtrb/yaw.htm The Wind Turbine Yaw Mechanism]
-# [http://guidedtour.windpower.org/en/tour/wtrb/yaw.htm The Wind Turbine Yaw Mechanism]
-# [[Media:windturbinegenerators.pdf| Wind Turbine Generators]]
-# [http://www.uni-hildesheim.de/~irwin/inside_wind_turbines.html Inside wind turbines]
-|'''Image References'''
-# [http://www.windsimulators.co.uk/DFIG.htm DFIG Working Principle]
-# [http://www.wwindea.org/home/index.php  Country share of total capacity]
-# [http://www.atlantissolar.com/wind_story.html Wind turbine principle]
-# [http://www.windturbinesnow.com/horizontalaxis-windturbines.htm Horizontal axis wind turbine]
-# [http://www.solarpowerwindenergy.org/2009/12/25/types-of-wind-turbines/ Vertical axis wind turbine]
-# [http://zone.ni.com/devzone/cda/tut/p/id/8189 Pitch control]
-# [http://zone.ni.com/devzone/cda/tut/p/id/8189 Yaw control]
-# [http://www.eco-trees.org/europes-biggest-onshore-wind-farm-goes-online/ Onshore Wind turbines]
-# [http://www.house-energy.com/Wind/Offshore-Onshore.htm Offshore wind turbines]
-# [http://www.solarpowerwindenergy.org/2010/04/02/parts-of-a-wind-turbine/ Wind turbine parts]
-# [http://www.windsolarenergy.org/map-of-best-locations-for-wind-power.htm Tower height Vs Power output]
-# [http://americanrenewableenergycorp.com/towers Tubular tower]
-# [http://www.mywindpowersystem.com/2010/03/wind-power-stats-quiet-critics/ Lattice tower]
-# [http://itgiproducts.com/energy/windTowers.asp Guy tower]
-# [http://itgiproducts.com/energy/windTowers.asp Tiltup tower]
-# [http://itgiproducts.com/energy/windTowers.asp Free stand tower]
-# [http://www.wind-energy-the-facts.org/en/part-i-technology/chapter-3-wind-turbine-technology/evolution-of-commercial-wind-turbine-technology/design-styles.html Single blade turbine]
-# [http://www.trendir.com/green/?start=15 Two blade turbine]
-# [http://www.china-windturbine.com/wind-turbines-blades.htm Three blade turbine]
-# [http://windturbinesforthehome.com/ Internal nacelle structure]
-# [http://syigroup.en.made-in-china.com/product/dbTQyzJOHYRi/China-Iron-Casting-Wind-Mill-Tower-Rotor-Hub.html Rotor hub]
-# [http://jiangyinzkforging.en.made-in-china.com/product/hewxIQjbgTpr/China-Wind-Turbine-Shaft-For-Wind-Power-Generator-ALIM2143-.html Shaft system]
-# [http://machinedesign.com/article/green-technology-inside-an-advanced-wind-turbine-0605 Gear box]
-# [http://www1.eere.energy.gov/windandhydro/wind_how.html Anemometer & Wind vane]
-|-
+==Contact Dolcera==
-|}
-=Contact Dolcera=
 {| style="border:1px solid #AAA; background:#E9E9E9" align="center"
@@ Line 1,194: / Line 1,053: @@
 |}
-[[Test page]]
+= Addition =
+=== Patent Categorization: Interactive mind map linked to Dolcera Dashboard ===
+* To access the Dashboard you have to signup. You can do so by clicking [https://www.dolcera.com/auth/index.php/login '''here''']
+*''Use the mouse(click and drag/scroll up or down/click on nodes) to explore nodes in the detailed taxonomy''
+*''Click on the red arrow adjacent to the node name to view the content for that particular node in the dashboard''
+*''Click on the "+" sign to zoom the mindmap and "-" sign to shrink the mindmap''
+{|border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" width="100%"
+|<mm>[[Ureteral_Stent_Patent_Categorization.mm|flash|Patent Categorization|600pt]]</mm>
+|}
+=== Product-Patent-Clinical Trials Mapping ===
+* To access the Dashboard you have to signup. You can do so by clicking [https://www.dolcera.com/auth/index.php/login '''here''']
+*''Use the mouse(click and drag/scroll up or down/click on nodes) to explore nodes in the detailed taxonomy''
+*''Click on the red arrow adjacent to the node name to view the content for that particular node in the dashboard''
+*''Click on the "+" sign to zoom the mindmap and "-" sign to shrink the mindmap''
+{|border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" width="100%"
+|<mm>[[ureteral_stent_mapping1.mm|flash|Ureteral Stent mindmap|600pt]]</mm>
+|}
+=== Product to Patent Mapping ===
+[[Image:Product_Patent_Mapping_Screen_Shot.png|1000px|centre|thumb|'''Screenshot for the product to patent mapping(Bard and Boston)''']]
+* Click [[Media:Product_Patent_Mapping_Bard_Boston.xls|'''here ''']]to download the excel file.
+* Mapped Patent vs Not Mapped Patents
+{|border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" width="100%"
+|[[Image:CRB_Pat.png|center|500px|thumb|'''C R Bard''']]
+|[[Image:BS_pat.png.png|center|500px|thumb|'''Boston Scientific''']]
+|-
+|}
+=== Dolcera Dashboard ===
+[[Image:dashboard_features.png|center|750px|]]
+'''Dashboard Link'''<br>
+{|border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" width="100%"
+|'''[http://client.dolcera.com/dashboard/dashboard.html?workfile_id=1008 Ureteral Stent - Dashboard] '''
+|width="100"|[[Image:dashboard_thumb.png|center|100px|]]
+|-
+|}
+*Flash Player is essential to view the Dolcera Dashboard
+* To access the Dashboard you have to signup. You can do so by clicking [https://www.dolcera.com/auth/index.php/login '''here''']
+= Key Artifacts =
+* [[Investment Heat Map ]]
+* [[Revenue Heat Map ]]
+* [[Patent Heat Map]]
+* [http://www.dolcera.com/website/demos/dental/main.html Dynamic Patent Dashboard]
+* [http://www.dolcera.com/ipmapdemo/stent_model.swf Stent Landscape-Flash]
+* [[Company Profile - Flash]]
+=Removed Sections=
+[[Removed Sections]]

Difference between pages "Wind Energy" and "Backup"

Revision as of 05:45, 16 February 2012

Contents

Process to Identify Possible Acquisition Targets

Advantage of Mergers and Acquisitions

Methodology

Company Profile

Applied Medical Resources Corp.

Bioteque Corp.

M&A Due Diligence Process

Phase 1: Landscape overview

Ureteral Stent: Concept

Background

Ureteric stenting difficulties

Encrustation

Obstruction

Infection

The market need

Intellectual property

Search strategy

Sample patents

Urinary Problems in men and women

Market Analysis

Methodology

Prevalence rate in US (women)

Urinary incontinence severity among different age groups in US women

Market potential for ureteral stent in US (women)

Ureteral stent market forecast in US (women)

Ureteral stent companies

Ureteral stents of various companies

Boston Scientific

Cook Group

Applied medicals

Redi-Tech Medical Products

Like this report?

Clinical Trials

New trials

Concluded trials

Adverse Events

Products

Startup activity

Phase 2: Deeper Dive

Scenario

Deal analysis for a target company

Design History File Review: Review components

Sample report

Performance/Functional Characteristics

Potential DHF Review Outcomes

Phase 3: Post-acquisition integration

Deadlines

Documents and Ownership

Ureteral stents regulatory issues

Pre-Market Notification

Timeline Sheet

Like this report?

Contact Dolcera

Addition

Patent Categorization: Interactive mind map linked to Dolcera Dashboard

Product-Patent-Clinical Trials Mapping

Product to Patent Mapping

Dolcera Dashboard

Key Artifacts

Removed Sections

Navigation menu

Search