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This report presents a brief introduction to wind energy and technologies available for horizontal wind turbines. A detailed taxonomy for horizontal axis wind turbines is presented covering parts of the turbine, control systems, applications among others. A detailed landscape analysis of patent and non-patent literature is done with a focus on Doubly-fed Induction Generators (DFIG) used in the horizontal axis wind turbines for efficient power generation. The product information of major players in the market is also captured for Doubly-fed Induction Generators. The final section of the report covers the existing and future market predictions for wind energy-based power generation.
[[Image:Wind_EnergyWind_Flowchart.JPGPNG|right|600px580px|thumb|Wind EnergyProcess Flow]]
<br>
=Introduction=
* We have been using wind power at least since 5000 BC to propel sailboats and sailing ships, and architects have used wind-driven natural ventilation in buildings since similarly ancient times. The use of wind to provide mechanical power came later.
For variable-speed systems with limited variable-speed range, e.g. ±30% of synchronous speed, the doubly-fed induction generator(DFIG) can be an interesting solution. This is mainly due to the fact that the power electronic converter only has to handle a fraction (20-30%) of the total power as the converters are connected to the rotor and not to the stator. Therefore, the losses in the power electronic converter can be reduced, compared to a system where the converter has to handle the total power. The overall structure of wind power generation through DFIG as shown in the figure below.
=Market Research=
==The History of Wind Energy==
To read about '''[[the History of Wind Energy]]''', '''[http://dolcera.com/wiki/index.php?title=The_History_of_Wind_Energy click here]'''
==Global Wind Energy Market==
===Market Overview===
* In the year 2010, the wind capacity reached worldwide '''196’630 Megawatt''', after '''159’050 MW''' in 2009, '''120’903 MW''' in 2008, and '''93’930 MW''' in 2007.
[[Image:World_InstalledWorld_Installed2.JPGPNG|center|589*277px600px|thumb|Source: [http://www.wwindea.org/home/images/stories/pdfs/worldwindenergyreport2010_s.pdf World Wind Energy Report, 2010]]]
* Wind power showed a growth rate of '''23.6 %''', the lowest growth since 2004 and the second lowest growth of the past decade.
* For the first time in more than two decades, the market for new wind turbines was smaller than in the previous year and reached an overall size of '''37’642 MW''', after 38'312 MW in 2009.
[[Image:New.JPGPNG|center|589*277px600px|thumb|Source: [http://www.wwindea.org/home/images/stories/pdfs/worldwindenergyreport2010_s.pdf World Wind Energy Report, 2010]]]
* All wind turbines installed by the end of 2010 worldwide can generate '''430 Tera watt hours per annum''', more than the total electricity demand of the United Kingdom, the sixth largest economy of the world, and equaling 2.5 % of the global electricity consumption.
* In the year 2010, altogether '''83 countries''', one more than in 2009, used wind energy for electricity generation. 52 countries increased their total installed capacity, after 49 in the previous year.
* The following chart shows the Global Cumulative Wind Power Capacity Forecast,under the different scenarios:
[[Image:Global_Forecast.JPGPNG|center|618*363px1080px|thumb|Global Cumulative Wind Power Capacity Forecast, Source: [http://www.gwec.net/fileadmin/documents/Publications/GWEO%202010%20final.pdf Global Wind Energy Outlook 2010]]]
* With '''23.6 %''', the year 2010 showed the second lowest growth rate of the last decade.
[[Image:World_Market_Growth Rates.JPGPNG|center|594*345px600px|thumb|World Market Growth Rates, Source: [http://www.wwindea.org/home/images/stories/pdfs/worldwindenergyreport2010_s.pdf World Wind Energy Report, 2010]]]
* Before 2010, the annual growth rate had continued to increase since the year 2004, '''peaking in 2009 at 31.7%''', the highest rate since 2001.
* The Top 10 countries by Growth Rate are shown in the figure listed below (only markets bigger than 200 MW have been considered):
[[Image:Top_Growth_Countries.JPGPNG|center|606*428px600px|thumb|Top Countries by Market Growth Rates, Source: [http://www.wwindea.org/home/images/stories/pdfs/worldwindenergyreport2010_s.pdf World Wind Energy Report, 2010]]]
==Geographical Market Distribution==
;# [[Regional Breakdown: Advanced scenario (GWEO 2010)]]
''Note: To know more about the '''[[Forecast Scenarios]]''', [http://dolcera.com/wiki/index.php?title=Forecast_Scenarios click here]''
==Country-wise Market Distribution==
The top 10 countries by Total Installed Capacity for the year 2010, is illustrated in the chart below:
[[Image:Top_Installed_Countries.JPGPNG|center|702*434px600px|thumb|Top Countries by Market Growth Rates, Source: [http://www.wwindea.org/home/images/stories/pdfs/worldwindenergyreport2010_s.pdf World Wind Energy Report, 2010]]]
To view the Top 10 countries by different other parameters for the year 2010, click on the links below:
The chart given below illustrates the Global Market Share Comparison of Major Wind Energy Companies for the period 2008-2010, as provided by two different agencies, Make Consulting and BTM Consulting:
[[Image:Market_Share_Comparison.JPG|center|1171*459px1080px|thumb|Global Market Share Comparison of Major Companies for the period 2008-2010
, Source: [http://www.make-consulting.com Make Consulting], [http://www.btmgcs.com/ BTM Global Consulting]]]
==Products of Top Companies==
{|border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" width="100%"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD" width=”38””42”|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''S. No.'''</font>
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''Company'''</font>
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''Product'''</font>
===Patent Analysis===
{|border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" width="100%"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD" rowspan = "2" width="38"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''S. No.'''</font>
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD" rowspan = "2" |<font color="#FFFFFF">'''Patent/Publication No.'''</font>
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD" rowspan = "2" width="105"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''Publication Date<br>'''(mm/dd/yyyy)</font>
===Article Analysis===
{|border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" width="100%"
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD" width="38"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''S .No.'''</font>
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''Title'''</font>
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD" width="105"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''Publication Date<br>'''(mm/dd/yyyy)</font>
Click '''[[Media:Doublyfed_induction_generators1.xls| here]]''' to view the detailed analysis sheet for doubly-fed induction generators article analysis.
<br>
===Top Cited Patents===
{|border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" width="100%"
* Below table shows a sample representation of white space analysis for controlling DFIG parameters with converters, based on the sample analysis.
{|border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="14" width="20%"
| style="background-color:#99ccff4F81BD;"| <center><font color="#FFFFFF">'''White Space of converters used to control'''</font></center>| style="background-color:#99ccff4F81BD;"| <center><font color="#FFFFFF">'''Active power'''</font></center>| style="background-color:#99ccff4F81BD;"| <center><font color="#FFFFFF">'''Reactive Power'''</font></center>| style="background-color:#99ccff4F81BD;"| <center><font color="#FFFFFF">'''Decoupled P-Q control'''</font></center>| style="background-color:#99ccff4F81BD;"| <center><font color="#FFFFFF">'''Field oriented control'''</font></center>| style="background-color:#99ccff4F81BD;"| <center><font color="#FFFFFF">'''Direct torque control'''</font></center>| style="background-color:#99ccff4F81BD;"| <center><font color="#FFFFFF">'''Speed control'''</font></center>| style="background-color:#99ccff4F81BD;"| <center><font color="#FFFFFF">'''Frequency Control'''</font></center>| style="background-color:#99ccff4F81BD;"| <center><font color="#FFFFFF">'''Pitch control'''</font></center>| style="background-color:#99ccff4F81BD;"| <center><font color="#FFFFFF">'''PWM Technique'''</font></center>| style="background-color:#99ccff4F81BD;"| <center><font color="#FFFFFF">'''Low voltage ride through'''</font></center>| style="background-color:#99ccff4F81BD;"| <center><font color="#FFFFFF">'''Network fault/Grid fault'''</font></center>| style="background-color:#99ccff4F81BD;"| <center><font color="#FFFFFF">'''Symmetrical and Asymmetrical Faults'''</font></center>| style="background-color:#99ccff4F81BD;"| <center><font color="#FFFFFF">'''Temp control'''</font></center>
|-
| style="background-color:#99ccff4F81BD;"| <center><font color="#FFFFFF">'''Grid Side active converters'''</font></center>
|[http://appft1.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=%2220070052394%22.PGNR.&OS=DN/20070052394&RS=DN/20070052394 US20070052394A1]
[http://appft1.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=%2220060028025%22.PGNR.&OS=DN/20060028025&RS=DN/20060028025 US20060028025A1]
[http://appft1.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=%2220090008938%22.PGNR.&OS=DN/20090008938&RS=DN/20090008938 US20090008938A1]
|-
| style="background-color:#99ccff4F81BD;"| <center><font color="#FFFFFF">'''Grid side passive converters'''</font></center>
|[http://appft1.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=%2220030151259%22.PGNR.&OS=DN/20030151259&RS=DN/20030151259 US20030151259A1]
|[http://appft1.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=%2220030151259%22.PGNR.&OS=DN/20030151259&RS=DN/20030151259 US20030151259A1]
|-
| style="background-color:#99ccff4F81BD;"| <center><font color="#FFFFFF">'''Rotor side converter'''</font></center>
|[http://appft1.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=%2220100142237%22.PGNR.&OS=DN/20100142237&RS=DN/20100142237 US20100142237A1]
[http://appft1.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=%2220070052394%22.PGNR.&OS=DN/20070052394&RS=DN/20070052394 US20070052394A1]
[http://appft1.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=%2220090008938%22.PGNR.&OS=DN/20090008938&RS=DN/20090008938 US20090008938A1]
|-
| style="background-color:#99ccff4F81BD;"| <center><font color="#FFFFFF">'''Matrix converters'''</font></center>
|
| style="background-color:#ffffff;"| [http://appft1.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=%2220020079706%22.PGNR.&OS=DN/20020079706&RS=DN/20020079706 US20020079706A1]
'''Dashboard Link'''<br>
{|border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" width="100%"
|'''[httphttps://clientwww.dolcera.com/auth/dashboard/dashboard.htmlphp?workfile_id=825 Doubly Fed Induction Generator - Dashboard] '''
|width="100"|[[Image:dashboard_thumb.png|center|100px|]]
|-
|}
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==Key Findings==
