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* Ureteral stent: resists migration, resists fragmentation, '''''What is kink resistant and radiopaque.* Bacterial colonization: antimicrobial activity for up to two weeks.* Patient Comfort: it?''''' A ureteral stent has is a low coefficient specially designed hollow tube, made of fiiction (value) for ease of insertion and will soften on implant at body temperature to maintain patient comforta flexible plastic material that is placed in the ureter.
{|border "1" style====Obstruction====Obstruction of urine flow and urinary tract sepsis can result in continued growth of the biofilm. Colonization of devices implanted in the urinary tract can lead to dysfunction, tissue intolerance, pain, subclinical or overt infection and even urosepsis. Device related infections are difficult totreat and device removal is usually necessary. The biofilm has been found to impede the diffusion of antibiotics"border-spacing:0; in addition, the bacteria in the biofilm have a decreased metabolic rate , which also protects them against the effects of antibiotics (Wollin et al., 1998). Riedl, et al. (1 999) found 100% ureteral stent colonization rates in permanent and 69.3% in temporary stents. Antibiotic prophylaxis did not prevent bacterial colonization and it was recommended that it not be used.On the other hand, Tieszer, et al. (1 998) believe that fluoroquinolones can prevent infection. They also have found that some stents have denser encrustation than others, however, the stent material did not change the elements of the "conditioning film" adsorbed or alter its receptivity tobacterial biofilms. | style====Infection====The predictive value of urine cultures in the assessment of stent colonization was examined in 65 patients with indwelling ureteral stents. It was found that a sterile urine culture did not rule out the stent itself being colonized (Lifshitz, et al., 1999). Patients with sterile urine culturemay benefit from prophylactic antibiotics; however, the authors contended that the antibiotics must work against gram"background-negative uropathogens and gram-positive bacteria including enterococci.It is obvious that there is controversy in the literature whether prophylactic systemic antibiotics are useful with ureteral stent implant. However, antibiotics do not seem to prevent stent colonization. Denstedt et al. (1998) have found that ciprofloxacin, with a 3 day burst every 2weeks, actually is adsorbed onto the stent which makes longer term treatment possible with reduced risk of bacterial resistance. There has been research targeted at coating or impregnating urinary catheters with antimicrobials and products are on the market, however, there are no antimicrobial ureteral stents approved by the FDA. === The market need ===It is clear that there is a need for a new material that will be able to resist encrustation and infection in the urinary tract. According to Merrill Lynch, ureteral stents represent an $80 MMUS market. Boston Scientific is in the lead with ~50% of the market followed by Maxxim (Circon), Cook and Bard is a smaller player. There are a number of other small contenders. The use of ureteral stents is increasingcolor:#4f81bd; the indications for ureteral stenting have broadened from temporary or permanent relief or ureteric obstruction to include temporary urinary diversion following surgical procedures such as endopyelotomy and ureteroscopy and facilitation of stone clearance after ESWL (Tolley, 2000). The use of ureteral stents for patients having ESWL for renal calculi is however controversial and seems to be related to the size of the stones and invasiveness of the procedure. According to survey results reported by Hollowell, et al. (2000), there is a significant difference in opinion concerning the use of stents with ESWL. The number of ureteral stents used in patients with stones 2 cm or less treated with ESWL is significant in spite of the lack scientific evidence in support of this practice. Of 1,029 urologists returning surveys, for patients with renal pelvic stones 10, 15 or 20 rnm treated with ESWL, routine stent placement was preferred by 25.3%, 57.1 % and 87.1 %, respectively. Urologists recommend using ureteroscopy rather than ESWL for distal ureteral calculi 5-1 padding:0 mm. 079cm;"|<center><font color=== Intellectual property ======= Search strategy ====* Databases searched: US-G, US-A, EP-A, EP-B, WO, JP, DE, GB, FR* Search scope: Title, Abstract or Claims* Years: 1981-July 2008* Search query: (ureter* OR urether* OR ureth* OR uretr*) AND (stent*) AND (*microb* OR *bacter*)* Results: "#FFFFFF">'''177 patents (82 unique patent families)S.No. '''</font></center> ==== Sample patents ===={| class="wikitable" style="fontbackground-sizecolor:90%#4f81bd;padding:0.079cm;" border| <center><font color="1#FFFFFF" cellpadding>'''Title '''</font></center>| style="5background-color:#4f81bd;padding:0.079cm;" cellspacing|<center><font color="0#FFFFFF" >'''Conditions '''</font></center>|- style="background-color:lightgrey"!align = #4f81bd;padding:0.079cm;"| <center" bgcolor ><font color= "#00CCFFFFFFFF"|Patent>'''Intervention: Device'''</font></center>!bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|Assignee!bgcolor style= "background-color:#00CCFF4f81bd;padding:0.079cm;"|Title!bgcolor <center><font color= "#00CCFFFFFFFF"|Abstract>'''Sponsors and Collaborators '''</font></center>
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| style="padding:0.079cm;"| <center>4</center>
| style="padding:0.079cm;"| [http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00288457?term=urologic+stent&rank=14 Ureteral Stent Length and Patient Symptoms]
| style="padding:0.079cm;"| Kidney Stones
| style="padding:0.079cm;"| Ureteral Stent
| style="padding:0.079cm;"| Emory University
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| style="background-color:#dce6f1;padding:0.079cm;"| <center>5</center>
| style="background-color:#dce6f1;padding:0.079cm;"| [http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00166361?term=urologic+stent&rank=1 Drainage of Malignant Extrinsic Ureteral Obstruction Using the Memokath Ureteral Stent]
| style="background-color:#dce6f1;padding:0.079cm;"| Ureteral Obstruction
| style="background-color:#dce6f1;padding:0.079cm;"|Memokath 051 Ureteral Stent
| style="background-color:#dce6f1;padding:0.079cm;"| Mayo Clinic Engineers & Doctors Wallsten Medical Group
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| style="padding:0.079cm;"| <center>6</center>
| style="padding:0.079cm;"| [http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00739284?term=urologic+stent&rank=15 A Prospective Comparison Between Ureteral Stent and Nephrostomy Tube for an Urgent Drainage of Obstructed Kidney (JJVsPCN08)]
| style="padding:0.079cm;"| Kidney Disease
| style="padding:0.079cm;"| Nephrostomy tube and ureteral stent
| style="padding:0.079cm;"| Rabin Medical Center
|}
==Market AnalysisConcluded trials ==* We determined market data to have an idea about the market potential for ureteral stents.{| {{table}}* This data is for women in US in different age groups and having different level of severity.* Prevalence increased with age, from 28% for 30- to 39-year-old women to 55% for 80- to 90-year| style="background-old womencolor:#4f81bd;padding:0.* 18% of respondents reported severe UI079cm;"|<center><font color="#FFFFFF">'''S.* The prevalence of severe UI also increased notably with age, from 8% for 30- to 39-year-old women to 33% for 80- to 90-year-old womenNo.* Among all, 9% reported slight UI, 15% reported moderate UI, 18% reported severe UI, and 58% reported no UI.'''<BR/font></center>| style===Methodology===[[Image:methodology"background-ureteral stentscolor:#4f81bd;padding:0.jpg079cm;"|<center|650px]] ===Prevalence rate==><font color="#FFFFFF">'''Title'''</font></center>{|borderstyle="2background-color:#4f81bd;padding:0.079cm;" cellspacing|<center><font color="0#FFFFFF" cellpadding>'''Abstract'''</font></center>| style="4background-color:#4f81bd;padding:0.079cm;" width|<center><font color="100%#FFFFFF">'''Enrollment'''</font></center>|align style= "background-color:#4f81bd;padding:0.079cm;"|<center><font color=" colspan #FFFFFF">'''Disorder'''</font></center>| style= "2background-color:#4f81bd;padding:0.079cm;"|<center><font color="#FFFFFF">'''Prevalence of Urinary Incontinence in US WomenConclusion'''</font></center>
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|align style= "background-color:#dce6f1;padding:0.079cm;"|<center>1</center>| style="background-color:#dce6f1;padding:0.079cm;"|'''Age (Long-term outcome of permanent urethral stents in yrs)'''the treatment of detrusor-sphincter dyssynergia |align | style= "centerbackground-color:#dce6f1;padding:0.079cm;"|'''Population To evaluate the long-term efficacy of a permanently implanted urethral stent in the treatment of spinally injured patients with Urinary incontinence (detrusor-sphincter dyssynergia.|| style="background-color:#dce6f1;padding:0.079cm;"|13|| style="background-color:#dce6f1;padding:0.079cm;"|Detrusor-sphincter dyssynergia|| style="background-color:#dce6f1;padding:0.079cm;"|Stenting is an effective alternative to sphincterotomy in %)'''the long-term, although secondary bladder neck obstruction is a frequent problem.
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|align style= "centerpadding:0.079cm;"|30-39<center>2</center>|align = "center"Nephrostomy Tube or 'JJ' Ureteric Stent in Ureteric Obstruction: Assessment of Patient Perspectives Using Quality-of-Life Survey and Utility Analysis|28%|Upper urinary tract obstruction is often relieved by either a percutaneous nephrostomy tube (PCN) or a ureteric stent. Both can cause considerable morbidity and reduce patient's health-related quality of life (QoL). We have compared the QoL in these 2 groups.||34||Upper urinary tract obstruction||Patients with 'JJ' stents have significantly more irritative urinary symptoms and a high chance of local discomfort than patients with nephrostomy tubes (PCN). However, based on the EuroQol analysis, there is no significant difference in the gross impact on the health-related QoL or the utility between these groups indicating no patient preference for either modality of treatment.
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|align style= "background-color:#dce6f1;padding:0.079cm;"| <center>3</center>| style="background-color:#dce6f1;padding:0.079cm;"|40Impact of stents on urological complications and health care expenditure in renal transplant recipients: results of a prospective, randomized clinical trial.|| style="background-49color:#dce6f1;padding:0.079cm;"|A randomized, prospective trial to compare the incidence of early urological complications and health care expenditures in renal transplant recipients with or without ureteral stenting.|| style="background-color:#dce6f1;padding:0.079cm;"|201|| style="background-color:#dce6f1;padding:0.079cm;"|Renal transplant recipient|| style="background-color:#dce6f1;padding:0.079cm;"|Using a ureteral stent at renal transplantation significantly decreases the early urinary complications of urine leakage and obstruction. However, there is a significant increase in urinary tract infections, primarily beyond 30 days after transplantation. Stent removal within 4 weeks of insertion appears advisable.|align } ==Pre-Market Notification== Some of the companies active in the field of ureteral stents have been represented in the table below. {| border= "2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" width="100%"| style="background-color:#4f81bd;padding:0.079cm;"|<center><font color="#FFFFFF">'''S.No. '''</font></center>|41%style="background-color:#4f81bd;padding:0.079cm;"|<center><font color="#FFFFFF">'''Company '''</font></center>| style="background-color:#4f81bd;padding:0.079cm;"| <center><font color="#FFFFFF">'''Device '''</font></center>| style="background-color:#4f81bd;padding:0.079cm;"| <center><font color="#FFFFFF">'''Approval '''</font></center>| style="background-color:#4f81bd;padding:0.079cm;"| <center><font color="#FFFFFF">'''Date of Approval '''</font></center>| style="background-color:#4f81bd;padding:0.079cm;"| <center><font color="#FFFFFF">'''Material '''</font></center>| style="background-color:#4f81bd;padding:0.079cm;"| <center><font color="#FFFFFF">'''Technology '''</font></center>| style="background-color:#4f81bd;padding:0.079cm;"| <center><font color="#FFFFFF">'''Indwelling Time (days) '''</font></center>
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|align style= "background-color:#dce6f1;padding:0.079cm;"| <center>'''1'''</center>| style="background-color:#dce6f1;padding:0.079cm;"|50<center>[http://www.bardurological.com/products/categoryTwo.aspx?bUnitID=3&catOneID=71 Bard Urological]</center>| style="background-59color:#dce6f1;padding:0.079cm;"| <center>[[Image:InLay_Optima.png|thumb|center|100px|<center>InLay Optima</center>|[http://www.bardurological.com/products/loadProduct.aspx?bUnitID=3∏ID=225 <center>InLay Optima</center>]]]|align style= "background-color:#dce6f1;padding:0.079cm;"| <center>[http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfPMN/pmn.cfm?ID=16869 FDA 510(k)]</center>| style="background-color:#dce6f1;padding:0.079cm;"|48%<center>Dec 2004</center>| style="background-color:#dce6f1;padding:0.079cm;"| Silicone| style="background-color:#dce6f1;padding:0.079cm;"| Double pigtail with monofilament suture loop| style="background-color:#dce6f1;padding:0.079cm;"| <center>365</center>
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|align style= "padding:0.079cm;"| <center>'''2'''</center>| style="padding:0.079cm;"|60<center>[http://www.bostonscientific.com/Device.bsci/,,/method/DevHome/navRelId/1000.1003/seo.serve Boston Scientific]</center>| style="padding:0.079cm;"| [[Image:Polaris_Loop.png|thumb|center|100px|[http://www.bostonscientific.com/urology-69stone/product.html?method=product_detail∏uct_id=10122561#initialLoad1() <center>Polaris Loop</center>]]]|align style= "padding:0.079cm;"| <center>[http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfPMN/pmn.cfm?ID=10929 FDA 510(k)]</center>| style="padding:0.079cm;"|51%<center>Mar 2003</center>| style="padding:0.079cm;"| Dual Durometer Percuflex with HydroPlus Coating| style="padding:0.079cm;"| Bladder loop design| style="padding:0.079cm;"| <center>365</center>
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|align style= "background-color:#dce6f1;padding:0.079cm;"| <center>'''3'''</center>| style="background-color:#dce6f1;padding:0.079cm;"|70<center>[http://www.cookmedical.com/uro/familyListingAction.do?family=Ureteral+Stents Cook Medical]</center>| style="background-79color:#dce6f1;padding:0.079cm;"| [[Image:Resonance.png|thumb|center|100px|[http://www.cookmedical.com/uro/dataSheet.do?id=4418 <center>Resonance</center>]]]|align style= "background-color:#dce6f1;padding:0.079cm;"| <center>[http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfPMN/pmn.cfm?ID=23620 FDA 510(k)]</center>| style="background-color:#dce6f1;padding:0.079cm;"|55%<center>May 2007</center>| style="background-color:#dce6f1;padding:0.079cm;"| Metal| style="background-color:#dce6f1;padding:0.079cm;"| Temporary stenting| style="background-color:#dce6f1;padding:0.079cm;"| <center>365</center>
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|align style= "padding:0.079cm;" rowspan="2"| <center>'''4'''</center>| style="padding:0.079cm;" rowspan="2"|80-90<center>[http://www.fossamedical.com/news.htm Fossa Medical]</center>|align style= "padding:0.079cm;" rowspan="2"| [[Image:Stone_Sweeper.png|thumb|center|100px|[http://dolcera.com/upload/files/stonesweeper_fossa_trial.pdf <center>Stone Sweeper</center>]]]| style="padding:0.079cm;"|54%<center>[http://www.fossamedical.com/news.htm FDA 510(k)]</center>| style="padding:0.079cm;"| <center>Aug 2002</center>| style="padding:0.079cm;" rowspan="2"| Polyurethane| style="padding:0.079cm;" rowspan="2"| Spiral radially expanding stent| style="padding:0.079cm;" rowspan="2"| <center>13</center>
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| style="padding:0.079cm;"| <center>[http://www.fossamedical.com/news.htm CE Mark]</center>
| style="padding:0.079cm;"| <center>Sep 2005</center>
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| style="background-color:#dce6f1;padding:0.079cm;"| <center>'''5'''</center>
| style="background-color:#dce6f1;padding:0.079cm;"| <center>[http://www.pnnmedical.com/urology/professionals/products/memokath™-051-ureter.aspx Pnn Medical A/S]</center>
| style="background-color:#dce6f1;padding:0.079cm;"| [[Image:Memokath_051.png|thumb|center|100px|[http://www.google.com/url?sa=t&source=web&cd=4&ved=0CC4QFjAD&url=http://www.hammer.pl/pliki/147_2.pdf&rct=j&q=memokath%20051&ei=MfhATezNIoaqvQP-_ZGtAw&usg=AFQjCNFR-ZFsu33rk6B9Flq1tCsYBZyXMw&cad=rja <center>Memokath 051</center>]]]
| style="background-color:#dce6f1;padding:0.079cm;"| <center>[http://www.pnnmedical.com/about-pnn-medical/company-history.aspx CE Mark]</center>
| style="background-color:#dce6f1;padding:0.079cm;"| <center>1995</center>
| style="background-color:#dce6f1;padding:0.079cm;"| Nickel-titanium shape memory alloy
| style="background-color:#dce6f1;padding:0.079cm;"| Double fluted ended spiral stent
| style="background-color:#dce6f1;padding:0.079cm;"| <center>240</center>
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===Urinary incontinence severity among different age groups in US women==Products=
{|border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" width="100%"
|align = "center" colspan bgcolor = "6#4f81bd"|'''Market potential for ureteral stents in US, 2009Sr. No.'''|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4f81bd"|'''Company'''|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4f81bd"|'''Device(s)'''|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4f81bd"|'''Approval'''|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4f81bd"|'''Approval Date'''|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4f81bd"|'''Material'''|bgcolor = "#4f81bd"|'''Technology'''|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4f81bd"|'''Indwelling Time (days)'''|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4f81bd"|'''Image'''
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|Age groupsalign = "center" bgcolor = "#dce6f1"|'''1'''|Female populationalign = "center" bgcolor = "#dce6f1"|<brfont color="#0000FF"><u>[http://www.allium-medical.com/?categoryId=64772 Allium, Israel]</u></font>(from US census data)|Prevalence rate in female (%)align = "center" bgcolor = "#dce6f1"|[http://www.allium-medical.com/?categoryId=64772 URS]|Market potentialalign = "center" bgcolor = "#dce6f1"|<font color="#0000FF">[http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-165990208.html CE Mark]</font>|Catherization rate (%)align = "center" bgcolor = "#dce6f1"|Jul, 2007|Stent market based on catherization ratebgcolor = "#dce6f1"|Nickel-titanium shape memory alloy covered by polymer|bgcolor = "#dce6f1"|Self-expanding stent|align = "center" bgcolor = "#dce6f1"| |bgcolor = "#dce6f1"|[[Image:656px-Allium.jpg|thumb|center|100px|<center>Allium</center>]]
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|30-39align = "center" rowspan = "2"|'''2'''|20128402align = "center" rowspan = "2"|<font color="#0000FF">[http://www.pnnmedical.com/urology/professionals/products/memokath™-051-ureter.aspx Pnn Medical A/S]</font>|28align = "center" rowspan = "2"|[http://www.google.com/url?sa=t&source=web&cd=4&ved=0CC4QFjAD&url=http://www.hammer.pl/pliki/147_2.pdf&rct=j&q=memokath%20051&ei=MfhATezNIoaqvQP-_ZGtAw&usg=AFQjCNFR-ZFsu33rk6B9Flq1tCsYBZyXMw&cad=rja Memokath 051]|5635953align = "center"|0<font color="#0000FF">[http://www.043%pnnmedical.com/about-pnn-medical/company-history.aspx CE Mark]</font>|2423align = "center"|1995|rowspan = "2"|Nickel-titanium shape memory alloy|rowspan = "2"|Double fluted ended spiral stent|align = "center" rowspan = "2"|240|rowspan = "2"|[[Image:Memokath_051.png|thumb|center|100px|<center>Memokath 051</center>]]
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|40-49align = "center"|22074384<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://www.zapconnect.com/products/index.cfm/fuseaction/products_display_detail/eregnum/8021561/owner_operator_number/8021561/product_code/FAD/8021561.html FDA Listing]</u></font>|41%|9050497|0.123%align = "center"|11132Mar, 2004
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|50-59align = "center" bgcolor = "#dce6f1" rowspan = "5"|20929761'''3'''|48%align = "center" bgcolor = "#dce6f1" rowspan = "5"|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://www.fossamedical.com/news.htm Fossa Medical]</u></font>|10046285align = "center" bgcolor = "#dce6f1" rowspan = "2"|[http://dolcera.com/upload/files/stonesweeper_fossa_trial.pdf Stone Sweeper]|0align = "center" bgcolor = "#dce6f1"|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://www.124%fossamedical.com/news.htm CE Mark]</u></font>|12457align = "center" bgcolor = "#dce6f1"|Sep, 2005|bgcolor = "#dce6f1" rowspan = "2"|Polyurethane|bgcolor = "#dce6f1" rowspan = "2"|Radially expanding stent|align = "center" bgcolor = "#dce6f1" rowspan = "2"|13|rowspan = "2" bgcolor = "#dce6f1"|[[Image:Stone_Sweeper.png|thumb|center|100px|<center>Stone Sweeper</center>]]
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|60-69align = "center" bgcolor = "#dce6f1"|14605565<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://www.fossamedical.com/news.htm FDA 510(k)]</u></font>|51%align = "center" bgcolor = "#dce6f1"|7448838Aug, 2002|0.160%|11918
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|70-79align = "center" bgcolor = "#dce6f1" rowspan = "2"|[http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfPMN/PMNSimple.cfm?db=PMN&ID=K033368 Open lumen stent]|9046207align = "center" bgcolor = "#dce6f1"|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfPMN/PMNSimple.cfm?db=PMN&ID=K033368 FDA 510(k)]</u></font>|55%align = "center" bgcolor = "#dce6f1"|Nov, 2003|4975414bgcolor = "#dce6f1" rowspan = "2"|Polyurethane|0.172%bgcolor = "#dce6f1" rowspan = "2"|Pigtail-tipped stent with <nowiki>’</nowiki>Pusher<nowiki>’</nowiki>|8558align = "center" bgcolor = "#dce6f1" rowspan = "2"| |align = "center" bgcolor = "#dce6f1" rowspan = "2"| [[Image:Open_Lumen.png|thumb|center|100px|<center>Open_lumen</center>]]
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|≥ 80align = "center" bgcolor = "#dce6f1"|7216598<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://www.fossamedical.com/news.htm CE Mark]</u></font>|54%|3896963|0.044%align = "center" bgcolor = "#dce6f1"|1715Sep, 2005
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|Totalalign = "center" bgcolor = "#dce6f1"|[http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfPMN/PMNSimple.cfm?db=PMN ID=K021140 Expanding Ureteral Stent]|align = "center" bgcolor = "#dce6f1"|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfPMN/PMNSimple.cfm?db=PMN ID=K021140 FDA 510(k)]</u></font>|41053950align = "center" bgcolor = "#dce6f1"|Jun, 2002| bgcolor = "#dce6f1"|Polyurethane|48203bgcolor = "#dce6f1"|Double pigtail stent with <nowiki>’</nowiki>Pusher<nowiki>’</nowiki>|-align = "center" bgcolor = "#dce6f1"| |}align = "center" bgcolor = "#dce6f1"| N/A
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| align = "center" rowspan = "7"| '''4'''|align = "center" rowspan = "7"|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://www.dolcerabostonscientific.com/website_prodDevice.bsci/services,,/ip-patent-analytics-services Patent Analytics Servicesmethod/DevHome/navRelId/1000.1003/seo.serve Boston Scientific]</u></font>|align = "center"| [http:<font color="#0000FF"><u>Contour</u></www.dolcera.com/website_prod/services/business-researchfont>|align = "center"| |align = "center"| |Percuflex -services Market Research Services]proprietary polyolefin copolymer; Hydroplus coating|Fixed and variable length; Tapered tip|align = "center"|365|align = "center"| [http[Image://wwwContour.dolcera.compng|thumb|center|100px|<center>Contour</website_prod/tools/patent-dashboard Purchase Patent Dashboardcenter>]]
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|align = "center"| [http:<font color="#0000FF"><u>Percuflex</u></www.dolcera.com/website_prod/services/ip-patent-analytics-services/patent-search/patent-landscapes Patent Landscape Services]font>|align = "center"| [http://www.dolcera.com/website_prod/research-processes Dolcera Processes]|align = "center"||align = "center"| Percuflex|Pigtail|align = "center"|365|align = "center"| [http[Image://wwwPercuflex.dolcera.compng|thumb|center|100px|<center>Percuflex</website_prod/industries Industry Focuscenter>]]
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|align = "center"| [http:<font color="#0000FF"><u>Polaris Ultra</u></www.dolcera.com/website_prod/services/ip-patent-analytics-services/patent-search/patent-landscapes Patent Search Services]font>|align = "center"| <font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://www.dolceraaccessdata.comfda.gov/website_prodscripts/servicescdrh/ip-patent-analytics-servicescfdocs/alerts-and-updates Patent Alerting ServicescfPMN/PMNSimple.cfm?db=PMN&id=K010002 FDA 510(k)]</u></font>|align = "center"|Jan, 2001|Dual Durometer Percuflex with HydroPlus Coating; soft Nautilus Bladder Coil.|Double pigtail|align = "center"|365|align = "center"| [http[Image://wwwPolaris_Ultra.dolcera.compng|thumb|center|100px|<center>Polaris Ultra</website_prod/tools Dolcera Toolscenter>]]
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|}align = "center"|<brfont color="#0000FF"><u>Polaris Loop</u></font>=== Clinical Trials =======New trials ===={| {{table}}| align="center"|'''Title'''<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfPMN/pmn.cfm?ID=10929 FDA 510(k)]</u></font>| align="center"|'''Conditions'''Mar, 2003|Dual Durometer Percuflex with HydroPlus Coating|Bladder loop design| align="center"|'''Intervention'''365| align="center"|'''Sponsors and Collaborators'''[[Image:Polaris_Loop.png|thumb|center|100px|<center>Polaris Loop</center>]]
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| align = "center"|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://clinicaltrialswww.govgoogle.com/ct2url?sa=t&source=web&cd=4&ved=0CCkQFjAD&url=http:/show/NCT00250406?termwww.bostonscientific.com/templatedata/imports/Microsite/Stone-EU/collateral/stone-eu-percuflex-brochure-eng.pdf&rct=ureteral+stentj&rankq=1 Assessment of Drugpercuflex%20brochure&ei=bIE-Eluting Ureteral Stent on Bacterial Adherence and Biofilm FormationTb79HMnqrAf5-_HRCA&usg=AFQjCNEJ-JOc Retromax Plus]</u></font>|align = "center"|Renal Calculi, Ureteral Obstruction|align = "center"|Device|Percuflex material and Hydroplus coating|Endopyelotomy stent|align = "center"|Post-procedure healing|align = "center" |[[Image: Ureteral StentRetromax_plus.png|thumb|Lawson Health Research Institute, Boston Scientific Corporationcenter|100px|<center>Retromax Plus</center>]]
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| align = "center"|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://clinicaltrialswww.govgoogle.com/ct2url?sa=t&source=web&cd=4&ved=0CCkQFjAD&url=http:/show/NCT00270504?termwww.bostonscientific.com/templatedata/imports/Microsite/Stone-EU/collateral/stone-eu-percuflex-brochure-eng.pdf&rct=urethral+stentj&rankq=1 Memokath® 044TW Stent for Treatment of Urethral Stricturepercuflex%20brochure&ei=bIE-Tb79HMnqrAf5-_HRCA&usg=AFQjCNEJ-JOc Stretch VL Flexima]</u></font>|align = "center"|Urethral Stricture|align = "center"|Device|Hydroplus Coating|Variable length coil on distal and proximal ends|align = "center"|90|align = "center" |[[Image: Memokath stentingStretch_VL_Flexima.png|thumb|Engineers & Doctors Wallsten Medical Groupcenter|100px|<center>Stretch VL Flexima</center>]]
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|align = "center"| [http://clinicaltrialsdolcera.govcom/ct2upload/showfiles/NCT00581178?term=urologic+stent&rank=3 Study to Determine if There Are Specific Clinical Factors to Determine drug_eluting_ureteral_stent.pdf Drug-Eluting Stent Encrustation]|align = "center"|Kidney Stones|align = "center"|N\A|Percuflex - proprietary polyolefin copolymer|University of California, IrvineKetorolac trimethamine loaded stent|align = "center"||align = "center"| N/A
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| align = "center" bgcolor = "#dce6f1" rowspan = "6"|'''5'''|align = "center" bgcolor = "#dce6f1" rowspan = "6"|<font color="#0000FF">[http://clinicaltrialswww.govcookmedical.com/ct2uro/show/NCT00288457familyListingAction.do?termfamily=urologicUreteral+stent&rankStents Cook Medical]</font>|align =14 Ureteral Stent Length and Patient Symptoms"center" bgcolor = "#dce6f1"|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://www.cookmedical.com/uro/dataSheet.do?id=4418 Resonance]</u></font>|align = "center" bgcolor = "#dce6f1"|Kidney Stones<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfPMN/pmn.cfm?ID=23620 FDA 510(k)]</u></font>|align = "center" bgcolor = "#dce6f1"|DeviceMay, 2007|bgcolor = "#dce6f1"|Metal|bgcolor = "#dce6f1"| |align = "center" bgcolor = "#dce6f1"|365|align = "center" bgcolor = "#dce6f1"|[[Image: Ureteral StentResonance.png|thumb|Emory Universitycenter|100px|<center>Resonance</center>]]
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| align = "center" bgcolor = "#dce6f1"|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://clinicaltrialswww.govcookmedical.com/ct2uro/show/NCT00166361dataSheet.do?termid=urologic+stent&rank=1 Drainage of Malignant Extrinsic Ureteral Obstruction Using the Memokath Ureteral Stent2055 Sof-flex]</u></font>|align = "center" bgcolor = "#dce6f1"|Ureteral Obstruction|align = "center" bgcolor = "#dce6f1"|Device|bgcolor = "#dce6f1"|AQ® Hydrophilic Coating|bgcolor = "#dce6f1"|Radiopaque tip and tether for repositioning |align = "center" bgcolor = "#dce6f1"|180|align = "center" bgcolor = "#dce6f1"|[[Image: Memokath 051 Ureteral StentSof_flex.png|thumb|Mayo Clinic Engineers & Doctors Wallsten Medical Groupcenter|100px|<center>Sof-flex</center>]]
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| align = "center" bgcolor = "#dce6f1"|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://clinicaltrialswww.govcookmedical.com/ct2uro/show/NCT00739284dataSheet.do?termid=urologic+stent&rank=15 A Prospective Comparison Between Ureteral Stent and Nephrostomy Tube for an Urgent Drainage of Obstructed Kidney (JJVsPCN08)3627 Endo-Sof]</u></font>|align = "center" bgcolor = "#dce6f1"|Kidney Disease|align = "center" bgcolor = "#dce6f1"|Device|bgcolor = "#dce6f1"|AQ® Hydrophilic Coating|bgcolor = "#dce6f1"|Double pigtail|align = "center" bgcolor = "#dce6f1"|365|align = "center" bgcolor = "#dce6f1"|[[Image: nephrostomy tube and ureteral stentEndo_Sof.png|thumb|Rabin Medical Centercenter|100px|<center>Endo-Sof</center>]]
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|}align ="center" bgcolor ="#dce6f1"|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://www.cookmedical.com/uro/dataSheet.do?id= Concluded trials 3643 C-Flex]</u></font>|align ="center" bgcolor ==={"#dce6f1"| {{table}}| align="center" bgcolor = "#dce6f1" |'''Title'''| alignbgcolor ="center#dce6f1" |'''Abstract'''| alignbgcolor ="center#dce6f1" |'''Enrollment'''Double Pigtail| align="center" bgcolor = "#dce6f1" |'''Disorder'''180| align="center" bgcolor = "#dce6f1" |'''Conclusion'''[[Image:C_Flex.png|thumb|center|100px|<center>C-Flex</center>]]
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| Long-term outcome of permanent urethral stents in the treatment of detrusor-sphincter dyssynergia align = "center" bgcolor = "#dce6f1"||To evaluate the long-term efficacy of a permanently implanted urethral stent in the treatment of spinally injured patients with detrusor-sphincter dyssynergia<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://www.cookmedical.com/uro/dataSheet.do?id=4692 Smith Universal]</u></font>|align = "center" bgcolor = "#dce6f1"|13|align = "center" bgcolor = "#dce6f1"|Detrusor-sphincter dyssynergia|bgcolor = "#dce6f1"|Stenting is an effective alternative to sphincterotomy in the long-term, although secondary bladder neck obstruction is a frequent problem|bgcolor = "#dce6f1"|Nephrostomy tube <nowiki>+</nowiki> Ureteral stent|align = "center" bgcolor = "#dce6f1"|60|align = "center" bgcolor = "#dce6f1"|[[Image:Smith_Universal.png|thumb|center|100px|<center>Smith Universal</center>]]
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| Nephrostomy Tube or 'JJ' Ureteric Stent in Ureteric Obstructionalign = "center" bgcolor = "#dce6f1"|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http: Assessment of Patient Perspectives Using Quality-of//www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/90717.php Endo-Life Survey and Utility AnalysisSof Radiance]</u></font>|align = "center" bgcolor = "#dce6f1"|Upper urinary tract obstruction is often relieved by either a percutaneous nephrostomy tube (PCN) or a ureteric stent<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://www. Both can cause considerable morbidity and reduce patient's health-related quality of life (QoL)medicalnewstoday. We have compared the QoL in these 2 groupscom/articles/90717.php Launch]</u></font>|align = "center" bgcolor = "#dce6f1"|34Dec, 2007|bgcolor = "#dce6f1"|Upper urinary tract obstructionHeparin-bonded stent|bgcolor = "#dce6f1"| |align = "center" bgcolor = "#dce6f1"| |bgcolor = "#dce6f1"|Patients with 'JJ' stents have significantly more irritative urinary symptoms and a high chance of local discomfort than patients with nephrostomy tubes (PCN). However, based on the EuroQol analysis, there is no significant difference in the gross impact on the health-related QoL or the utility between these groups indicating no patient preference for either modality of treatment.
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| Impact of stents on urological complications and health care expenditure in renal transplant recipients: results of a prospective, randomized clinical trial.align = "center"||A randomized, prospective trial to compare the incidence of early urological complications and health care expenditures in renal transplant recipients with or without ureteral stenting.||201||Renal transplant recipient||Using a ureteral stent at renal transplantation significantly decreases the early urinary complications of urine leakage and obstruction. However, there is a significant increase in urinary tract infections, primarily beyond 30 days after transplantation. Stent removal within 4 weeks of insertion appears advisable.'''6'''|}====Adverse Events===={|borderalign ="2center" cellspacing|<font color="0#0000FF" cellpadding>[http://qurological.com/product/ Q Urological]</font>|align ="4center" width|<font color="100%#0000FF"><u>[http://qurological.com/product/ pAguaMedicina™ Pediatric Ureteral Stent]</u></font>|align = "center" bgcolor |<font color= "#00CCFF0000FF"|'''S><u>[http://www. Noaccessdata.'''fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfPMN/pmn.cfm?ID=29056 FDA 510(k)]</u></font>|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Brand Name'''Jan, 2010|Hydrogel|Differentially larger end (no pigtail)|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Adverse Event'''30|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Date FDA Received'''[[Image:pAguaMedicina.png|thumb|center|100px|<center>pAguaMedicina</center>]]
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|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFFdce6f1"|'''17'''|align = "justifycenter" bgcolor = "#dce6f1"|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://www.accessdatabioteq.fdacom.govtw/scriptsen/cdrhproducts.php?kind=2&series=4 Bioteque Corp.]</cfdocsfont>|align = "center" bgcolor = "#dce6f1"|Ureteral Stent Set|align = "center" bgcolor = "#dce6f1"|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http:/cfMAUDE/Detailwww.cfmbioteq.com.tw/en/news_detail.php?MDRFOI__IDid=660847 Cook Urologicals Cook Urological Stent1&query_string= FDA 510(k) ]</u></font>|align = "justifycenter" bgcolor = "#dce6f1"|Apr, 2010|bgcolor = "#dce6f1"| |bgcolor = "#dce6f1"|Stent broke into pieces while removing it from the patients body.|align = "center" bgcolor = "#dce6f1"|1230|align = "center" bgcolor = "#dce6f1"|[[Image:bioteque.png|thumb|center|100px|<center>Bioteque</14/2005center>]]
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|align = "center" bgcolor rowspan = "#00CCFF4"|'''28'''|align = "justifycenter" rowspan = "4"|<font color="#0000FF">[http://www.appliedmed.com/products/product_card.aspx?section=professionals&proceGroupID=4&groupName=Urology&catID=37&Name=Ureteral+stents Applied Medical Resources, CA, USA]</font>|align = "center"|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfMAUDEcfPMN/Detailpmn.CFMcfm?MDRFOI__IDID=930422 Boston Scoientific Boston Scientific Ureteral stent System4353 Mesh]</u></font>|align = "justifycenter"|Fractured stent seen under Fluroscopy<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfPMN/pmn.cfm?ID=4353 FDA 510(k)]</u></font>|align = "center"|10/17Jul, 2001|Polyester mesh|Double-pigtail|align = "center"| |align = "center"| N/2007A
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|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''3'''|align = "justify"|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://www.accessdataappliedmed.fda.govcom/scriptsproducts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfMAUDE/Detailproduct_card.CFMaspx?MDRFOI__IDsection=professionals&proceGroupID=4&groupName=Urology&catID=37&Name=755260 Boston Scoientific Boston Scientific Ureteral Stent System Kit 8 FR X 24 CM+stents Silhouette ]</u></font>|align = "justifycenter"|During insertion of ureteral stent, the stent broke into multiple parts which were retained in the patient.|align = "center"|10|Coil-reinforced; SL-6® hydrophilic coating|Patency Device|align = "center"| |align = "center" |[[Image:silhouette.png|thumb|center|100px|<center>Silhouette</14/2005center>]]
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|align = "center" bgcolor |<font color= "#00CCFF0000FF"|'''><u>[http://www.appliedmed.com/products/product_card.aspx?section=professionals&proceGroupID=4'''&groupName=Urology&catID=37&Name=Ureteral+stents Applied Standard]</u></font>|align = "justifycenter"|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfMAUDEcfPMN/Detailpmn.CFMcfm?MDRFOI__IDID=564910 Boston Scientific Corp Boston Scientific 8 FR X 28 CM Ureteral Stent System Kit124645 FDA 510(k)]</u></font>|align = "justifycenter"|Breakage of the upper loop of the ureteral stent while trying to insert it.Jun, 1999|Proprietary thermoplastic elastomer material; SL-6® hydrophilic coating|Unique wall construction and enlarged drainage holes |align = "center"|1|align = "center" |[[Image:Applied_Std1.png|thumb|center|100px|<center>Applied Standard</5/2005center>]]
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|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''5'''|align = "justify"|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://www.accessdataappliedmed.fda.gov/scriptscom/cdrhproducts/cfdocs/cfMAUDE/Detailproduct_card.CFMaspx?MDRFOI__IDsection=professionals&proceGroupID=4&groupName=Urology&catID=37&Name=522129 Boston Scientific Bostoon Scientific Micro Vasive Contour VL Ureteral Stent+stents 7-10 endopyelotomy]</u></font>|align = "justifycenter"|Broken stent observed during x|align = "center"| |Proprietary thermoplastic elastomer material; SL-ray procedure.6® hydrophilic coating|Dual Diameter stent|align = "center"|12|align = "center" |[[Image:Applied_7_10.png|thumb|center|100px|<center>Endopyelotomy Stent</12/2003center>]]
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|}[[Media: non patent upload.xlsalign = "center" bgcolor = "#dce6f1" rowspan = "6"|'''Review Articles9''']]|align = "center" bgcolor = "#dce6f1" rowspan = "6"|<brfont color="#0000FF"><u>[[Mediahttp: non patent upload1//www.xls|'''Non Patent Analysis'''bardurological.com/products/categoryTwo.aspx?bUnitID=3&catOneID=71 Bard Urological]]</u></font>|align ="center" bgcolor ="#dce6f1"|<font color= Products ="#0000FF"><u>[http://www.bardurological.com/products/loadProduct.aspx?bUnitID=3&prodID=225 InLay Optima]</u></font>{| {{table}}align = "center" bgcolor = "#dce6f1"|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfPMN/pmn.cfm?ID=16869 FDA 510(k)]</u></font>| align="center" bgcolor = "#dce6f1"|'''Boston Scientific ScimedDec, Inc.'''2004|bgcolor = "#dce6f1"|Silicone|bgcolor = "#dce6f1"|Double pigtail with monofilament suture loop| align="center" bgcolor = "#dce6f1"|'''Cook Urological Incorporated'''365| align="center" bgcolor = "#dce6f1"|'''OptiMed Global Care'''[[Image:InLay_Optima.png|thumb|center|100px|<center>InLay Optima</center>]]
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| Polaris™ Ultra Ureteral align = "center" bgcolor = "#dce6f1"|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://www.bardurological.com/products/loadProduct.aspx?bUnitID=3&prodID=227 Bardex® Double Pigtail Soft Stent ]</u></font>| Firlit-Kluge Urethral Stentalign = "center" bgcolor = "#dce6f1"|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfPMN/pmn.cfm?ID=8912 FDA 510(k)]</u></font>| Opti-J Ureteral Stent System align = "center" bgcolor = "#dce6f1"|Jan, 2003|bgcolor = "#dce6f1"|Silicone|bgcolor = "#dce6f1"|Attached with suture for ease of removal|align = "center" bgcolor = "#dce6f1"| |align = "center" bgcolor = "#dce6f1"|[[Image:Bardex.png|thumb|center|100px|<center>Bardex</center>]]
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| Polaris™ Loop align = "center" bgcolor = "#dce6f1"|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://www.bardurological.com/products/loadProduct.aspx?bUnitID=3&prodID=228 Fluoro-4 Silicone Ureteral Stent]</u></font>| Koyle Diaper Stent align = "center" bgcolor = "#dce6f1"| | Ureteral Stent Sets, ureterorenoscope align = "center" bgcolor = "#dce6f1"| |bgcolor = "#dce6f1"|Silicone/tantalum|bgcolor = "#dce6f1"| |align = "center" bgcolor = "#dce6f1"| |align = "center" bgcolor = "#dce6f1"|[[Image:Fluoro_4.png|thumb|center|100px|<center>Fluoro 4</center>]]
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| Stretch™ VL Variable Length Flexima® Stents align = "center" bgcolor = "#dce6f1"| <font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://www.bardurological.com/products/loadProduct.aspx?bUnitID=3&prodID=230 Figure-4 Silicone Universal Drainage Ureteral Stent]</u></font>| Extra Strong Stent Sets (-Tumor)align = "center" bgcolor = "#dce6f1"| |align = "center" bgcolor = "#dce6f1"| |bgcolor = "#dce6f1"|Silicone|bgcolor = "#dce6f1"|Three dimensional design|align = "center" bgcolor = "#dce6f1"| |align = "center" bgcolor = "#dce6f1"|[[Image:Figure_4.png|thumb|center|100px|<center>Figure 4</center>]]
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|align = "center" bgcolor = "#dce6f1"| Tarkington Urethral <font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://www.bardurological.com/products/loadProduct.aspx?bUnitID=3&prodID=226 InLay Ureteral Stent Set]</u></font>| Steerable Ureteral Stent Setsalign = "center" bgcolor = "#dce6f1"|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfPMN/pmn.cfm?ID=122796 FDA 510(k)]</u></font>|align = "center" bgcolor = "#dce6f1"|Dec, 1998|bgcolor = "#dce6f1"|Silicone|bgcolor = "#dce6f1"|Tapered tip and lubricious hydrophilic coating |align = "center" bgcolor = "#dce6f1"| |align = "center" bgcolor = "#dce6f1"|[[Image:InLay.png|thumb|center|100px|<center>InLay</center>]]
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|align = "center" bgcolor = "#dce6f1"| Zaontz Urethral <font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://www.bardurological.com/products/loadProduct.aspx?bUnitID=3&prodID=229 Urinary Diversion Stent]</u></font>| Multilength align = "center" bgcolor = "#dce6f1"|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfPMN/pmn.cfm?ID=86128 FDA 510(k)]</u></font>|align = "center" bgcolor = "#dce6f1"|Apr, 1991|bgcolor = "#dce6f1"|Silicone|bgcolor = "#dce6f1"| |align = "center" bgcolor = "#dce6f1"| |align = "center" bgcolor = "#dce6f1"|[[Image:Urinary_Diversion_Stent.png|thumb|center|100px|<center>Urinary Diversion Stent</center>]]
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|align = "center" rowspan = "4"|'''10'''| Pediatric Urethral Calign = "center" rowspan = "4"|<font color="#0000FF">[http://www.coloplast.com/Pages/home.aspx Coloplast-StentPorges]</font>|align = "center"|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://www.porges.ru/catalog.html?cid=251 Vortek]</u></font>|align = "center"|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfPMN/pmn.cfm?ID=121312 FDA 510(k)]</u></font>|align = "center"|Oct, 1998|Silicone|Double coating for easy maneuverability as well as flexibility|align = "center"| |align = "center"|[[Image:Vortek.png|thumb|center|100px|<center>Vortek</center>]]
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|} align ="center"|<font color== Startup activity ===* "#0000FF"><u>[http://twincitieswww.bizjournalsporges.comru/twincities/stories/2008/07/28/story8catalog.html AbbeyMoor Medical Inc.], a med-tech firm that’s developed devices for treating urological disorders, has raised $2.7 million in bridge financing. ?cid== Phase 2: Deeper Dive ===== Scenario ===Client wishes to acquire a ureteral stent company. === Deal analysis for a target company ===[[Image:DealImplications.jpg|thumb|center|700px|Deal implications248 Biosoft]] === Design History File Review: Review components ===</u></font>{| classalign ="wikitable" style=center"|<font-size:90%" bordercolor="1#0000FF" cellpadding><u>[http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfPMN/pmn.cfm?ID="5" cellspacing="0" 121312 FDA 510(k)]</u></font>|- style="background:lightgrey"!align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" width="15%"|Review Oct, 1998!bgcolor = "#00CCFF" width="30%"|VerificationSilicone!bgcolor |Extreme flexibility|align = "#00CCFF" width="40%center"|Tasks!bgcolor |align = "#00CCFF" width="15%center"|Expertise[[Image:Biosoft.png|thumb|center|100px|<center>Biosoft</center>]]
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| Design input documents linked to the product performance specificationsalign = "center"|<font color="# Compare product specifications to design inputs0000FF"><u>[http://www.porges.ru/catalog.html?cid=250 Silicone]</u></font>|align = "center"|<font color="# Check whether appropriate verifications and validations are performed0000FF"><u>[http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfPMN/pmn.cfm?ID=6586 FDA 510k)]</u></font># Establish if all specifications are linked to design inputs|align = "center"|Oct, 2002|Silicone|''Pyatiprofilnaya'' technology |align = "center"| |align = "center"|[[Image:Silicone1.png|thumb|center|100px|<center>Silicone</center>]]
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| Appropriate design verification and validations (DValign = "center" rowspan = "9"|'''12'''|align = "center" rowspan = "9"|<font color="#0000FF">[http://www.gyrusacmi.com/user/display.cfm?display=cat_menu&Vmaincat=Stone%20Management&catid=122 Gyrus ACMI/Cabot/Acromed/Circon/Surgitek]</font>|align = "center"|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://www.gyrusacmi.com/user/display.cfm?display=product&pid=9257&catid=122&maincat=Stone%20Management&catname=Stents Classic closed-tip]</u></font>|align = "center"|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfPMN/pmn.cfm?ID=68160 FDA 510(k) are performed]</u></font>|align = "center"|Dec, 1986
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| Product performance specifications correspond to appropriate design output documentsalign = "center"| <font color="# Correlate design drawings with the specifications0000FF"><u>[http://www.gyrusacmi.com/user/display.cfm?display=product&pid=9252&catid=122&maincat=Stone%20Management&catname=Stents Classic Double pigtail]</u></font>|align = "center"|<font color="# Check whether maximum dimensions, sizes etc0000FF"><u>[http://www. accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfPMN/pmn.cfm?ID=111987 FDA 510(with tolerancesk) are within the specified range]</u></font>|align = "center"|Mar, 1996|Tecoflex® construction|Balanced-curled double pigtail design|align = "center"| |align = "center"|[[Image:Gyrus_Pigtail.png|thumb|center|100px|<center>Double Pigtail</center>]]
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| DFMEA links appropriately to the PPSalign = "center"| <font color="# Verify whether DFMEA and 0000FF"><u>[http://www.gyrusacmi.com/user/display.cfm?display=product specifications are correlated&pid=9254&catid=122&maincat=Stone%20Management&catname=Stents Lithostent]</u></font>|align = "center"| |align = "center"| |Tecoflex® |Grooved design|align = "center"| |align = "center"|[[Image:Lithostent.png|thumb|center|100px|<center>Lithostent</center>]]
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| Appropriate DValign = "center"|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://www.gyrusacmi.com/user/display.cfm?display=product&pid=9253&catid=122&maincat=Stone%20Management&V reports and design output documents are referenced correctly as risk mitigation activities in the DFMEAcatname=Stents Lubri-flex]</u></font>| align = "center"|<font color="# Validate the process and correlate with design inputs0000FF"><u>[http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfPMN/pmn.cfm?ID=91169 FDA 510(k)]</u></font># Validate that sizes used are within range |align = "center"|Nov, 1991|Tecoflex®|“Rememberance” of risk mitigation criteriashape with a chemically bonded wettable solution |align = "center"| |align = "center"|[[Image:Lubri_Flex.png|thumb|center|100px|<center>Lubri-flex</center>]]
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| PFMEA links appropriately to the process validation protocol acceptance criteria; Inalign = "center"|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://www.gyrusacmi.com/user/display.cfm?display=product&pid=9250&catid=122&maincat=Stone%20Management&catname=Stents Multi-process inspection procedures andflex]</or manufacturing procedures are recorded as appropriate risk mitigation activities in the PFMEAu></font>|align = "center"| # Validate the process protocol|align = "center"| # Validate the inspection procedures used |Tecoflex®|Two durometers with helical kidney curls|align = "center"| |align = "center"|[[Image:Multi_Flex.png|thumb|center|100px|<center>Multi-flex</center>]]
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| Correlate First Article Inspection data to the dimensions on the drawingsalign = "center"|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://www.gyrusacmi.com/user/display.cfm?display=product&pid=9249&catid=122&maincat=Stone%20Management&catname=Stents Sof-curl]</u></font>|align = "center"| # Obtain First Article Inspection data|align = "center"| # Check if this data correlates with the completeness of drawings|Tecoflex®|Dual-durometer design and exclusive soft bladder helix |align = "center"| |align = "center"|[[Image:Sof_curl.png|thumb|center|100px|<center>Sof-curl</center>]]
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| Linkage between component and raw material specifications and appropriate incoming inspection proceduresalign = "center"|'''14'''|align = "center"|[http://www.zapconnect.com/companies/index.cfm/fuseaction/companies_detail/eregnum/9681442.html Angiomed-Movaco (C.R. Bard subsidiary)]|align = "center"|[http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/devicesatfda/index.cfm?db=pmn&id=K864225 Ureteral Stent Set]|align = "center"|[http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/devicesatfda/index.cfm?db=pmn&id=K864225 FDA 510(k)]|align = "center"|Jan, 1987|Nitinol|Self-expanding stent
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= Product to Clinical Trial Mapping=
==Clinical Timeline Visualization ==
[[Image:Timeline.jpg]]
[[Media:Ureteral_Stents_Timeline dw.xls|Ureteral Stent Timeline]]
= Product to Patent Mapping =
[[Image:Product_Patent_Mapping_Screen_Shot.png|1000px|centre|thumb|'''Screenshot for the product to patent mapping(Bard and Boston)''']]
* Click [[Media:Product_Patent_Mapping_Bard_Boston.xls|'''Products from Boston Scientific and C R Bard ''']]to download the excel file.
== Mapped Patent vs Not Mapped Patents ==
{|border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" width="100%"
|[[Image:CRB_Pat.png|center|500px|thumb|'''C R Bard''']]
|[[Image:BS_pat.png.png|center|500px|thumb|'''Boston Scientific''']]
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| Inspection procedures } =Patent-Product-Clinical Trial Mapping= * To access the Dashboard you have adequate sampling plans based to signup. You can do so by clicking [https://www.dolcera.com/auth/index.php/login '''here''']*''Use the mouse(click and drag/scroll up or down/click on PFMEA risk mitigation levels – this includes packaging nodes) to explore nodes in the detailed taxonomy''*''Click on the red arrow adjacent to the node name to view the content for that particular node in the dashboard'' *''Click on the "+" sign to zoom the mindmap and labeling materials"-" sign to shrink the mindmap''{| border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" width="100%" |<mm>[[ureteral_stent_mapping1.mm|flash|Ureteral Stent mindmap|600pt]]</mm> |} =Insights= {|border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" width="100%"|bgcolor = "# Review supplier audit reports for compliance538ED5"|<font size = "4">''' '''</font>|bgcolor = "#538ED5"|<font size = "4">''' '''</font>|bgcolor = "#538ED5"|<font size = "4">'''Boston Scientific'''</font>|bgcolor = "#538ED5"|<font size = "4">'''C R BARD'''</font>
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| Calibration records and preventive maintenance records; in-process / incoming inspection test methods and related test method validationsalign = "center" bgcolor = "#538ED5" rowspan = "4"|'''Products'''| '''Portfolio'''# Check the entire equipment-related lifecycle|8 Products# Check if machine operational qualification was performed# Check if the measurement equipment was validated|6 Products
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| Design test methods and related test method validations'''Coating'''| Hydroplus# Compare test methods used to those in client and ISO standards# Identify inconsistencies across test methods|Licensed from pHreecoat
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|}'''Shape'''|Pigtailed and More=== Sample report ======= Performance/Functional Characteristics ===={| class="wikitable" style="font-size:90%" border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" Figure 4 and more|- style="background:lightgrey"!align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" colspan = "4" |Design Input!align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" width="5%" rowspan="2538ED5"|Design Output'''Clinical <br>Trials'''!align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" width="5%" rowspan="2"|Design Verification Report #'''Current Trials'''!align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" width="5%" rowspan="2"|Status Truimph Ureteral stent - Loaded with Triclosan <br>Currently in Phase II (P/F/RCanada)!align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" width="5%" rowspan="2"|Design Validation Report #None!|-|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" width="5%538ED5" rowspan="23"|Status (P'''Patents'''|'''Coating'''|Therapeutic /F/R)Medicinal coatings <br>Magnetic nano particles for MRI Imaging <br>Lubricious coatings helping easy insertion|Therapeutic coatings
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|Provide antimicrobial resistance for up to 2 weeks'''Material'''|Ureteral Elastically deformable stents<br>Biodegradable polymer based stents<br>Porous polymer for long term implantation<br>Stent User Survey (Document #XXXXX)|Stent must have chlorohexadine surface concentration of 10-20 mg/cm2 for 3 weeks|Document #XXXXX|Test Document #XXXXX|Report 01-005-06-007|P|Report 01-005-06-007with variable hardness|PBiodegradable polymers<br>Shape memory alloys<br>General polymer based
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== Phase 3: Post-acquisition integration Inference ===== Deadlines ==='''Goal''': Switch production transparently to new facilities transparently to the distribution system
{| classborder="wikitable2" stylecellspacing="font-size:90%" border="10" cellpadding="54" cellspacingwidth="082%" |- style="background:lightgrey"!align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF538ED5" |Stage!align <font size = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF4" >'''Boston Scientific'''</font>|Tasks!align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF538ED5" |Milestone payment!align <font size = "center4" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" |Date>'''C R BARD'''</font>
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|Design center integration planRelatively late entrant with patents filed post mid 90s|* Gap analysis completion (acquiree)* Gap analysis completion (acquirer)||September 15, 2008Early mover with patents filed in mid 80s
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|Design to manufacturing transferIncreased patent activity since 2000|||December 15, 2008Patent activity never gained traction
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|Equipment transferLarge number of patents yet to be "productized"||Milestone I payment|Jan 7, 2009Few patents yet to be "productized"
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|Shut production at acquiree facilitySome products undergoing clinical trails|Negotiation for contract extension|Milestone II payment|Feb 15, 2009No products undergoing clinical trails
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|Start production Diverse range of products with variation in acquirer facilitymaterial <br>and structure|||Feb 7, 2009Small product portfolio
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|Switch Seem to new SKUbe strengthening they market position|||Feb 15, 2009|-|End development of new generation product/s in old facility|||Feb 7, 2009|-|Restart development of new generation product/s post-acquisition||Final milestone payment|Mar 1, 2009Seem to be moving focus away from Ureteral stents market
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=Competitive Landscape == Documents =Major Players==*Boston Scientific Limited, Abbott, Medtronic and Ownership Cook Inc. are the major players in ureteral stent research field. [[Image:Major playersnew.jpg|thumb|center|1000px|Major Players]] ==IP Activity=={*Patenting activity has been high growth rate during the period 2001 to 2005 with a peak no. of patents in year 2005, followed by saturation during the period 2006 to 2008 and after that a gradual declination upto year 2010 in the ureteral stent research area.[[Image:IPactivity3.png| classthumb|center|1000px| IP activity over the years]] ="wikitable" style="fontSales == Total Sales in 2010 -size:90%" 4.04 Billion USD {|border="1" cellpadding="52" cellspacing="0" |- stylecellpadding="background:lightgrey4"!align width= "center100%" |bgcolor = "#00CCFF4f81bd" |Document'''Company'''!align |bgcolor = "center#4f81bd" |'''Total Sales in 2010'''|bgcolor = "#00CCFF4f81bd" |Owner'''Urological sales'''!align |bgcolor = "center#4f81bd" |'''Percentage share'''|bgcolor = "#00CCFF4f81bd" |Last update date'''Product portfolio'''
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|Product performance specificationsbgcolor = "#4f81bd"|'''Boston Scientific'''|Paul Swain7800|07661|8.48|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http:/27/2008 08:15:35 PSTwww.bostonscientific.com/templatedata/imports/Microsite/Stone/collateral/Percuflex-Brochure.pdf Boston_portfolio]</u></font>
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|Component specificationsbgcolor = "#4f81bd"|'''CR BARD'''|Kevin Teller2700|06702|26.00|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[https:/12/2008 12:22:07 PSTdolcera.net/teamwiki_prod/index.php/BARD_portfolio BARD_portfolio]</u></font>
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|Preclinical test resultsbgcolor = "#4f81bd"|'''Cook Medical'''|Joanne Krannert1700|07<nowiki>-</03nowiki>|<nowiki>-</2008 14nowiki>|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http:17:00 PST//www.cookmedical.com/uro/familyListingAction.do?family=Ureteral+Stents Cook_portfolio]</u></font>
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|Clinical testsbgcolor = "#4f81bd"|'''Medline'''|Joanne Krannert4040|08<nowiki>-</01nowiki>|<nowiki>-</2008 08nowiki>|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http:00:55 PST//www.medline.com/irj/catalog/search?initialSearchTerms=ureteral%20stent Medline_portfolio]</u></font>
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<p align="center"> '''This is only a sample report with brief analysis''' <br>
'''Dolcera can provide a comprehensive report customized to your needs'''</p>
<br>