LTE

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This report presents a brief summary about LTE-MIMO.A detailed taxonomy which covers most of the aspects of LTE is presented. A sample of mapping patents to the standard by using graphical analysis and patent ranking is presented. LTE related ETSI and non-ETSI documents are also shown.

Dolcera Landscape Procedure

  • Background study - Background study is done with web search depending on the area of client interest.
  • Finding key player/inventors - Web search is carried out to find the products and technologies of key players.
  • Patents Search -
    • Key patents search.
    • Prepared search queries using keywords and classification and finalized these in Micropat/Thompson.
  • Patents Classification - Classify all patents by creating taxonomy.
  • Specific analysis as required by client like SWOT, SOA, PEST, Claim, and White Space analysis.
  • Reporting -
    • All necessary data are presented in format of wiki or in form of power point slides.
    • Dashboard - Graphical representation of Patents classification.


Rationale

  • LTE is the most suited technology as it provides higher data rates required for the future and is an advancement over widely used GSM/EDGE/HSPA
  • A number of corporate giants are looking towards LTE as the technology enabling future communication
  • The following factors are expected to be obtained with the realization of LTE
    • Reduced cost per bit
    • Increased service provisioning - more services at lower cost with better user experience
    • Flexibility of use of existing and new frequency bands
    • Simplified architecture, Open interfaces
    • Allow for reasonable terminal power consumption

Background description

LTE (Long Term Evolution), is the latest standard in the mobile network technology that came into existence because of the growing needs of faster data rates. It is a 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP), which realized this technology. LTE is an advancement to previously realized technologies such as GSM/EDGE and UMTS/HSxPA etc.Although LTE is often marketed as 4G, first-release LTE is actually a 3.9G technology since it does not fully comply with the IMT Advanced 4G requirements.

Update - LTE-Advanced has been granted 4G compliance given the significant improvement they provide over 3G technologies [1]

Voice traffic will be supported mainly as Voice over IP (VoIP) enabling better integration with other multimedia services.LTE is being designed to be a high data rate and low latency system. LTE is also aimed at minimizing cost and power consumption while ensuring backward-compatibility and a cost effective migration from UMTS systems. LTE tutorial

Technical details

Performance requirements

LTE is expected to support different types of services including web browsing, FTP, video streaming, VoIP, online gaming, real time video, push-to-talk and push-to-view. Therefore, it is being designed to be a high data rate and low latency system as indicated by the key performance criteria shown below.

LTE architecture

Protocol stack

Data flow

The data flow through protocol stack can be shown as

LTE frame structure

In order to maintain synchronization and manage different types of information exchange that need to be carried between the base-station or eNodeB and the User Equipment (UE), LTE system has a defined LTE frame and sub frame structure for the E-UTRA or Evolved UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access

There are two types of LTE frame structure:

  • Type 1:used for the LTE FDD mode systems
    • The basic type 1 LTE frame has an overall length of 10 ms. This is then divided into a total of 20 individual slots. LTE sub frames then consist of two slots - in other words there are ten LTE sub frames within a frame.
  • Type 2:used for the LTE TDD systems
    • The frame structure for the type 2 frames used on LTE TDD is somewhat different. The 10 ms frame comprises two half frames, each 5 ms long. The LTE half-frames are further split into five sub frames, each 1ms long.
  • The subframes may be divided into standard sub frames of special sub frames. The special sub frames consist of three fields
    • DwPTS - Downlink Pilot Time Slot
    • GP - Guard Period
    • UpPTS - Uplink Pilot Time Slot.

LTE enabling technologies

  • OFDMA (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access)
    • It is used in the downlink communication of LTE as it can support high data rates
  • SC-FDMA (Single Carrier FDMA)
    • It is used in the uplink communication of LTE as it helps in reducing terminal power consumption
  • MIMO (Multi-Input Multi-Output)
    • Helps in obtaining increased data rates with usage of many antennas.
  • System Architecture Evolution(SAE)
    • New core network architecture to support the high-throughput / low latency LTE access system
    • Simplified network architecture
    • All IP network
    • All services are via PS domain only, No CS domain
    • Support mobility between multiple heterogeneous access system
  • Fractional frequency reuse
    • Helps in reusing the frequency so that spectral efficiency can be improved

Taxonomy

Major players in the ETSI list for LTE

Etsifa.jpg

Ranking of ETSI patents

S.No Patent/Publication No. International Class (primary) Assignee Title Publication Year Priority Year(s) Legal Status Rank
1 US20090086710A1 H04J000324 Qualcomm Incorporated Method and apparatus for implementing lte rlc header formats 2009 2007 | 2008 Docketed New Case - Ready for Examination 3
2 US6694469B1 H04L000116 Qualcomm Incorporated Method and an apparatus for a quick retransmission of signals in a communication system 2004 2000 Patented Case 4
3 US7542482B2 H04J000324 Qualcomm Incorporated Method and apparatus for message segmentation in a wireless communication system 2009 2001 Patented Case 4
4 US7876729B1 H04W000400 Qualcomm Incorporated Intersystem base station handover 2011 1998 | 1999 | 2000 Patented Case 4
5 US7904053B2 H04M001104 Qualcomm Incorporated Method and apparatus for communicating emergency information using wireless devices 2011 2003 | 2003 | 2006 | 2009 Patented Case 4
6 US20090268683A1 H04W007204 Qualcomm Incorporated Partial radio link control status report 2009 2008 | 2009 Docketed New Case - Ready for Examination 3
7 US20110090866A1 H04W003600 ALCATEL-LUCENT Method, user equipment and communication system for inter-rat handover in 3g lte 2011 2008 | 2008 Docketed New Case - Ready for Examination 2
8 EP2242322A1 H04W008000 ALCATEL-LUCENT Method for the harq buffer operation 2010 2008 | 2009 | 2009 REQUEST FOR EXAMINATION FILED 2
9 EP2291019A1 H04W001610 ALCATEL-LUCENT Method for harq process allocation of dl semi-persistent scheduling and corresponding system 2011 2008 | 2008 REQUEST FOR EXAMINATION FILED 2
10 US20110093756A1 H04L000118 ALCATEL-LUCENT Method for dl semi-persistent scheduling harq process allocation and apparatus thereof 2011 2008 | 2008 Application Dispatched from Preexam, Not Yet Docketed 2
11 EP2248356A1 H04W000400 ALCATEL-LUCENT Method, user equipment and communication system for inter-rat handover in 3g lte 2010 2008 | 2008 REQUEST FOR EXAMINATION FILED 2
12 EP2068505A1 H04L001256 ALCATEL-LUCENT Method and device for reporting the uplink scheduling request and the emergency status in the wireless networks 2009 2006 | 2007 | 2007 REQUEST FOR EXAMINATION FILED 3
13 EP2180627A1 H04L000108 ALCATEL-LUCENT A communication method and equipment for controlling the data transmission and retransmission of mobile station at the base station 2010 2007 | 2007 REQUEST FOR EXAMINATION FILED 3
14 US20110029834A1 H04L000118 ALCATEL-LUCENT Method for operating harq buffer 2011 2008 | 2009 | 2009 Docketed New Case - Ready for Examination 2
15 EP1400140A1 H04W000826 Ericsson AB Handling of temporary identities in mobile telephony systems 2004 2001 | 2002 | 2002 LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES 5
16 EP1440599A1 H04W000402 Ericsson AB Method for checking whether a mobile station supports a location service (lcs) in a packet switched mode 2004 2001 | 2002 | 2002 POSTGRANT: ANNUAL FEES PAID TO NATIONAL OFFICE 4
17 EP0904665A1 H04L001246 Ericsson AB method and apparatus for addressing a wireless communication station with a dynamically-assigned address 1999 1996 | 1997 | 1997 POSTGRANT: ANNUAL FEES PAID TO NATIONAL OFFICE 4
18 EP1177655A1 H04M001700 Ericsson AB Prepaid subscriber service for packet-switched and circuit-switched radio telecommunications networks 2002 1999 | 2000 | 2000 REQUEST FOR EXAMINATION FILED 4
19 EP1961141A2 H04L000100 Ericsson AB efficient channel quality reporting and link adaptation for multi-carrier broadband wireless communication 2008 2005 | 2006 | 2006 REQUEST FOR EXAMINATION FILED 2
20 EP2198533A2 H04B000704 Ericsson AB Method and arrangements for signaling control information in a communication system 2010 2007 | 2008 | 2008 REQUEST FOR EXAMINATION FILED 3
21 EP2220841A1 H04L002906 Ericsson AB Method and system for correlating aaa sessions 2010 2007 | 2008 | 2008 REQUEST FOR EXAMINATION FILED 3
22 EP2248373A1 H04W002818 Ericsson AB Methods and arrangements for a mobile communications network 2010 2008 | 2008 | 2008 REQUEST FOR EXAMINATION FILED 2
23 EP2263411A2 H04W007212 Ericsson AB Prohibiting unnecessary scheduling requests for uplink grants 2010 2008 | 2009 | 2009 REQUEST FOR EXAMINATION FILED 3
24 EP2272269A1 H04W000806 Ericsson AB Method for context handling 2011 2008 | 2008 | 2008 REQUEST FOR EXAMINATION FILED 4
25 US20100182939A1 H04J000300 NOKIA Corporation Configuration of multi-periodicity semi-persistent scheduling for time division duplex operation in a packet-based wireless communication system 2010 2008 | 2009 Docketed New Case - Ready for Examination 2
26 US20090305711A1 H04W007200 NOKIA Corporation Discontinuous transmission/reception in a communications system 2009 2005 | 2005 | 2006 | 2006 Final Rejection Mailed 5
27 US6879690B2 H04L002906 NOKIA Corporation Method and system for delegation of security procedures to a visited domain 2005 2001 | 2001 Patented Case 4
28 US20050228893A1 H04L002906 NOKIA Corporation Method of configuring a mobile node 2005 2004 | 2004 | 2005 Response to Non-Final Office Action Entered and Forwarded to Examiner 4
29 US20060195576A1 G06F0015173 NOKIA Corporation Discontinuous transmission/reception in a communications system 2006 2005 Non Final Action Mailed 4
30 EP1719356A2 H04W006400 NOKIA Corporation Method and apparatus for reporting location of a mobile terminal 2006 2004 | 2004 | 2004 REQUEST FOR EXAMINATION FILED 4
31 EP1608115A1 G10L001914 NOKIA Corporation Speech transmission between terminals in different networks 2005 1997 | 1998 | 1998 POSTGRANT: ANNUAL FEES PAID TO NATIONAL OFFICE 4
32 EP0953231A2 H04J000300 NOKIA Corporation Multiplexing method and transceiver 1999 1997 | 1998 | 1998 POSTGRANT: ANNUAL FEES PAID TO NATIONAL OFFICE 4
33 EP1121820A1 H04W002818 NOKIA Corporation Data transmission resources optimization 2001 1998 | 1999 | 1999 POSTGRANT: ANNUAL FEES PAID TO NATIONAL OFFICE 4
34 EP1192832A1 H04W003608 NOKIA Corporation A method of selecting a new cell 2002 1999 | 2000 | 2000 REQUEST FOR EXAMINATION FILED 4
35 US20080049697A1 H04H000100 Nokia Siemens Networks Method and radio communication system for transmitting user information as a service to several user stations 2008 2002 | 2003 | 2003 Docketed New Case - Ready for Examination 4
36 EP2181559A1 H04W003608 Nokia Siemens Networks handover of a user equipment with forwarding and reusing a user equipment configuration 2010 2007 | 2008 | 2008 REQUEST FOR EXAMINATION FILED 2
37 EP2213034A2 H04L000118 Nokia Siemens Networks Improved ack/nack dtx detection and signalling of not receiving a downlink allocation grant message 2010 2007 | 2008 | 2008 | 2008 REQUEST FOR EXAMINATION FILED 2
38 EP2250856A1 H04W008400 Nokia Siemens Networks Server identifier acquisition based on device location 2010 2008 | 2008 REQUEST FOR EXAMINATION FILED 3
39 EP1090527A1 H04W004812 Nokia Siemens Networks Method for transmitting organizational information 2001 1998 | 1999 | 1999 POSTGRANT: ANNUAL FEES PAID TO NATIONAL OFFICE 4
40 EP1030530A2 H04L001256 Nokia Siemens Networks Method for transmission of packet switched data in a radio communication system 2000 1999 | 2000 POSTGRANT: ANNUAL FEES PAID TO NATIONAL OFFICE 4
41 US20090268844A1 H04L002700 Nokia Siemens Networks Method and apparatus to link modulating and coding scheme to amount of resources 2009 2008 | 2008 | 2008 | 2009 Docketed New Case - Ready for Examination 3
42 US7215962B2 H04W003614 Nokia Siemens Networks Method for an intersystem connection handover 2007 2000 | 2001 | 2002 Patented Case 4
43 EP1238463A2 H04L000100 Nokia Siemens Networks Method and system for transmitting data and for determining the transmission properties in a radio communications system 2002 1999 | 2000 | 2000 POSTGRANT: ANNUAL FEES PAID TO NATIONAL OFFICE 4
44 US20100080152A1 H04L002902 Nokia Siemens Networks Method and apparatus for providing signaling of redundancy versions 2010 2008 | 2009 Non Final Action Mailed 3


Disclaimer: Patent ranking has been done according to the following logic:

  • Rank-1: Granted + LTE related (claims)
  • Rank-2: Published + LTE related (claims)
  • Rank-3: LTE related (Full spec )
  • Rank-4: May be relevant and requires further analysis
  • Rank-5: Abandoned or Expired


Ptrank1.jpg

Note: Here a total of 44 patents from ETSI have been taken, out of which Qualcomm Incorporated has 6 patents, Alcatel-lucent has 8 patents, Ericsson AB, Nokia corporation, Nokia Siemens Networks have 10 each


Relevant Documents for LTE in the ETSI list

S.No Publication Number Title Filing date Expiry date Priority Date Assignee/Applicant Count of Cited Refs - Patent Rating
1 US5754976A Algebraic codebook with signal-selected pulse amplitude/position combinations for fast coding of speech 7/28/1995 7/28/2015 1990-02-23 | 1992-09-10 | 1995-02-06 | 1995-07-28 Universite de Sherbrooke,Sherbrooke,CA 44 2
2 US6724976B2 Communication system 12/21/2000 12/21/2020 1992-03-26 | 1992-09-25 | 1993-03-25 | 1993-09-27 | 1998-04-22 | 2000-02-16 | 2000-12-21 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co. Ltd.,Osaka,JP 110 3
3 US6633600B2 Traffic lights in a code division multiple access (CDMA) modem 4/24/2001 4/24/2021 1995-06-30 | 1996-06-27 | 1998-02-17 | 1999-11-22 | 2001-04-24 InterDigital Technology Corporation,Wilmington,DE,US 85 3
4 US7190966B2 Method and apparatus for performing an access procedure 6/29/2005 6/29/2025 1996-06-27 | 1998-01-06 | 2000-11-22 | 2002-03-01 | 2003-03-26 | 2004-06-14 | 2005-06-29 InterDigital Technology Corporation,Wilmington,DE,US 91 4
5 US7437177B2 Method employed by a base station for controlling initial power ramp-up using short codes 3/14/2008 3/14/2028 1996-06-27 | 1998-01-06 | 2000-11-22 | 2002-03-01 | 2003-03-26 | 2004-06-14 | 2005-06-29 | 2008-03-14 InterDigital Communications Corp.,Wilmington,DE,US 190 4


Disclaimer:

  • Rating is given based on claims, no.of cited patents, expiry date and priority date
  • Rating is done on a scale from 1 to 5

Concept table for MIMO

S.no MIMO OFDMA SCFDMA Interference SDMA HARQ Multipath LTE Others
1 Multiple adj input* adj multiple adj output* OFDM scfdma interference near3 mitigate* Space adj2 time adj2 transmit adj2 diversity HARQ Multipath near2 effect* LTE channel adj2 quality adj2 indication adj2 channel*
2 Distributed adj transmission adj directional adj reception (orthogonal adj frequency adj division) near2 multiplex* SINGLE adj CARRIER adj FREQUENCY adj DIVISION adj MULTIPLE adj ACCESS* interference near3 cancel* antenna adj2 multiplex* Hybrid adj automatic adj repeat adj request Multipath near2 propagat* Long term evolution CQICH
3 DTDR ofdma scfdm interference near3 reduc* SDMA feedback adj2 mechani* Multipath near2 phenomenon Evolved packet system Downlink adj2 Channel adj2 Descriptor adj2 message*
4 transmission adj2 diversit* (orthogonal adj frequency adj division) near2 (multiple adj access) single adj carrier adj frequency adj division adj multiplex* interference near3 null* Space adj2 division adj2 multiple adj2 access Hybrid ARQ System architecture evolution adaptive adj2 modulation adj2 coding
5 SFBC discrete adj multi adj tone SC-FDMA Space adj2 domain adj2 multiple adj2 access ARQ E-UTRA* pre adj coding*3
6 Space adj2 frequency adj2 block adj coding DMT DFT-spread adj OFDM plural* near2 (spatial adj streams automatic adj repeat adj request Evolved UMTS terrestrial radio access per adj2 antenna adj2 rate adj2 control
7 SU adj2 MIMO (adaptive ADJ modulation*) DFT-S-OFDMA spatial adj2 adaptation Automatic Repeat Query permutation adj2 mode adj2 selection
8 MU adj2 MIMO sofdm Interleaved adj FDMA adaptive adj2 transmi*
9 space adj2 time adj2 cod* Interleaved adj Frequency adj Division adj Multiple adj Access Bell adj2 Labs adj2 Layer adj2 Space adj2 Time
10 multiple adj antenna* IFDMA spatial adj2 multiplex*
11 multi adj antenna* Discrete adj Fourier adj Transform adj Spread adj Orthogonal adj Frequency adj Multiple adj Access
12 multiple adj transmit* adj2 receive* DFT- SOFDM
13 plural* adj2 antenna*
14 atleast adj2 two adj2 antenna*
15 layer adj map*4
16 beam adj2 steer*
17 smart adj antenna*1
18 spatial adj multiplex*3
19 multiple adj transmit* adj antenna*1
20 multiple adj receive* adj antenna*1
21 Adaptive adj2 antenna adj2 steer*
22 beam adj2 forming
23 eigenmode adj2 multiplex*

Control patents

  • Control patents are mostly used
    • to prepare concepts
    • to search classes, and
    • to verify the search strategy
  • Control patents are found by running a query with narrow keywords, and in this process litigation's and file wrappers are also looked at.
S.No Patent/Publication No. Title Abstract
1 US7295624 Wireless system with hybrid automatic retransmission request in interference-limited communications A wireless receiver for receiving signals from an interference-limited transmitter in an interference-limited system comprising at least one transmit antenna, wherein the signals comprise a plurality of symbols. The receiver comprises a plurality of receive antennas and collection circuitry for collecting a plurality of signal samples with at least one symbol and interference effects. The receiver also comprises suppression circuitry, accumulation circuitry, circuitry for providing estimates of a group of bits, error detection circuitry and circuitry for requesting the transmitter to transmit a retransmission of a packet in response to detecting an error.
2 US6873606 Rate adaptive transmission scheme for MIMO systems A rate adaptive transmission scheme for MIMO systems, which can transmit a variable number of data symbol streams, provide transmit diversity for each data symbol stream, and fully utilize the total transmit power of the system and the full power of each antenna. In one method, at least one data symbol stream is received for transmission from a plurality of antennas. Each data symbol stream is scaled with a respective weight corresponding to the amount of transmit power allocated to that stream. The scaled data symbol stream(s) are multiplied with a transmit basis matrix to provide a plurality of transmit symbol streams for the plurality of antennas. The transmit basis matrix (e.g., a Walsh-Hadamard matrix or a DFT matrix) is defined such that each data symbol stream is transmitted from all antennas and each transmit symbol stream is transmitted at (or near) the full power for the associated antenna.
3 US7233625 Preamble design for multiple input--multiple output (MIMO), orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) system One or more preambles are inserted into frames of Orthogonal Frequency Multiplexing (OFDM)-Multiple Input, Multiple Output (MIMO) signals. The preamble is received by the antennas of a receiver, decoded and compared to known values to provide synchronization, framing, channels estimation, offsets and other corrections to the transmitted signal.
4 US7248559 Scattered pilot pattern and channel estimation method for MIMO-OFDM systems A method and apparatus are provided for reducing the number of pilot symbols within a MIMO-OFDM communication system, and for improving channel estimation within such a system. For each transmitting antenna in an OFDM transmitter, pilot symbols are encoded so as to be unique to the transmitting antenna. The encoded pilot symbols are then inserted into an OFDM frame to form a diamond lattice, the diamond lattices for the different transmitting antennae using the same frequencies but being offset from each other by a single symbol in the time domain. At the OFDM receiver, a channel response is estimated for a symbol central to each diamond of the diamond lattice using a two-dimensional interpolation. The estimated channel responses are smoothed in the frequency domain. The channel responses of remaining symbols are then estimated by interpolation in the frequency domain.
5 US7548506 System access and synchronization methods for MIMO OFDM communications systems and physical layer packet and preamble design A method and apparatus are provided for performing acquisition, synchronization and cell selection within an MIMO-OFDM communication system. A coarse synchronization is performed to determine a searching window. A fine synchronization is then performed by measuring correlations between subsets of signal samples, whose first signal sample lies within the searching window, and known values. The correlations are performed in the frequency domain of the received signal. In a multiple-output OFDM system, each antenna of the OFDM transmitter has a unique known value. The known value is transmitted as pairs of consecutive pilot symbols, each pair of pilot symbols being transmitted at the same subset of sub-carrier frequencies within the OFDM frame.
6 US7120395 MIMO communications The present invention allows a wireless communication system, such as a base station, to select N antennas from an associated group of M antennas for transmitting multiple streams of data to a given user. Based on the channel conditions between the M antennas of the wireless communication system and the multiple antennas at the receiver, the N antennas to use for transmission are selected to enhance channel capacity, signal-to-noise ratios, or a combination thereof. The channel conditions are measured at the receiver, and may be sent back to the wireless communication system for processing or may be processed at the receiver, wherein instructions are transmitted back to the wireless communication system to control antenna selection.
7 US7283499 Simplified practical rank and mechanism, and associated method, to adapt MIMO modulation in a multi-carrier system with feedback A method of adapting transmission parameters in a multicarrier communication system having multiple transmit antennas and/or multiple receive antennas, whereby a statistical parameter of a wideband channel is computed, one type of matrix modulation scheme is selected to be used for a given multicarrier modulation symbol, one type of signal constellation is selected to be used for a given multicarrier modulation symbol, and one concatenated channel coding rate is selected to be used for a given multicarrier modulation symbol. Multicarrier modulation symbols are then transmitted using the selected matrix modulation scheme, signal constellation, and concatenated channel coding rate.
8 US7194040 Beam-steering and beam-forming for wideband MIMO/MISO systems Techniques to perform beam-steering and beam-forming to transmit data on a single eigenmode in a wideband multiple-input channel. In one method, a steering vector is obtained for each of a number of subbands. Depending on how the steering vectors are defined, beam-steering or beam-forming can be achieved for each subband. The total transmit power is allocated to the subbands based on a particular power allocation scheme (e.g., full channel inversion, selective channel inversion, water-filling, or uniform). A scaling value is then obtained for each subband based on its allocated transmit power. Data to be transmitted is coded and modulated to provide modulation symbols. The modulation symbols to be transmitted on each subband are scaled with the subbands scaling value and further preconditioned with the subbands steering vector. A stream of preconditioned symbols is then formed for each transmit antenna.
9 US7336727 Generalized m-rank beamformers for MIMO systems using successive quantization The telecommunications system described herein implements a multi-rank beamformer for use in wireless systems equipped with multiple transmit and multiple receive antennas. The multi-rank beamformer uses finite-rate feedback of channel conditions to achieves close to theoretical performance indicated by the water-filling algorithm, while avoiding the computational complexity associated with space time codes. In addition, the multi-rank beamforming system described herein improves on the performance of unit rank beamforming methods by maintaining the gains over space time codes over a broader range of transmission rate
10 US7702029 MIMO precoding enabling spatial multiplexing, power allocation and adaptive modulation and coding In a closed-loop wireless communication system, a codebook-based feedback mechanism is provided to enable non-unitary precoding for multi-stream transmission, where in each stream is optimized with suitable transmission power allocation and AMC. The codebook-based feedback mechanism uses a precoding codebook having a power allocation matrix which is constrained to specify that beamforming always applies full power to a predetermined beam. With this constraint, a one-bit power allocation feedback index may be used to switch between beamforming and spatial multiplexing.
11 US20080247479 Pilot Scheme For A Mimo Communication System The present invention employs a pilot scheme for frequency division multiple access (FDM) communication systems, such as single carrier FDM communication systems. A given transmit time interval will include numerous traffic symbols and two or more short pilot symbols, which are spaced apart from one another by at least one traffic symbol and will have a Fourier transform length that is less than the Fourier transform length of any given traffic symbol. Multiple transmitters will generate pilot information and modulate the pilot information onto sub-carriers of the short pilot symbols in an orthogonal manner. Each transmitter may use different sub-carriers within the time and frequency domain, which is encompassed by the short pilot symbols within the transmit time interval. Alternatively, each transmitter may uniquely encode the pilot information using a unique code division multiplexed code and modulate the encoded pilot information onto common sub-carriers of the short pilot symbols.
12 US7630356 Methods for supporting MIMO transmission in OFDM applications Aspects of the present invention provide MAC enhancements to support the PHY features of a MIMO-OFDMA framework. The MAC enhancements involve DL burst assignment to support adaptive MIMO transmission, UL burst assignment to support adaptive MIMO transmission, fast feedback channel operation to support wireless terminal dynamic feedback of MIMO mode selection, for example space time transmit diversity (STTD) or spatial multiplexing (SM), and/or permutation mode selection, for example diversity or adjacent subcarrier mode, dynamic CQICH allocation and de-allocation and the use of CQICH_ID for DL burst allocation. One or more of these enhancements is included in a given implementation. Methods are also provided for implementing the MAC enhancements.
13 US20080165875 Multi-user MIMO-SDMA for finite rate feedback systems A multi-user MIMO downlink beamforming system with limited feedback is provided to enable preceding for multi-stream transmission, where a channel codeword (u.sub.i) and one or more channel quality indicator values (CQI.sub.A, CQI.sub.B) are computed at the user equipment on the basis of maximizing a predetermined SINR performance metric (.rho..sub.i) which estimates the receive signal-to-noise-ratio (SINR) at the user equipment . The computed codeword (u.sub.i) and CQI values (or differential values related thereto) are quantized and fed back to help the base station which applies a correction to the appropriate CQI value in the course of designing the transmit beamforming vectors w and determining the appropriate modulation and coding level to be used for downlink data transmission.
14 US20100142455 Systems and methods for uplink power control A method for uplink power control is described. A user equipment (UE) power class may be determined. An uplink multiple access scheme may also be determined. The maximum transmission power for the UE may further be determined according to the determined uplink multiple access scheme and the UE power class.
15 US20040082356 MIMO WLAN system A multiple-access MIMO WLAN system that employs MIMO, OFDM, and TDD. The system uses a channel structure with a number of configurable transport channels, supports multiple rates and transmission modes, which are configurable based on channel conditions and user terminal capabilities, employs a pilot structure with several types of pilot (e.g., beacon, MIMO, steered reference, and carrier pilots) for different functions, implements rate, timing, and power control loops for proper system operation, and employs random access for system access by the user terminals, fast acknowledgment, and quick resource assignments. Calibration may be performed to account for differences in the frequency responses of transmit/receive chains at the access point and user terminals. The spatial processing may then be simplified by taking advantage of the reciprocal nature of the downlink and uplink and the calibration.
16 US20090046800 Feedback and rate adaptation for MIMO transmission in a Time Division Duplexed (TDD) communication system Techniques for sending a MIMO transmission in a wireless communication system are described. In one design, a transmitter sends a first reference signal to a receiver. The receiver selects a precoding matrix based on the first reference signal and in accordance with a selection criterion. The receiver estimates noise and interference at the receiver and determines channel quality indicator (CQI) or modulation and coding scheme (MCS) information based on the precoding matrix and the estimated noise and interference. The receiver sends the CQI or MCS information and a second reference signal to the transmitter. The transmitter selects the precoding matrix based on the second reference signal and in accordance with the same selection criterion used by the receiver. The transmitter then sends a MIMO transmission to the receiver based on the CQI or MCS information obtained from the receiver and the precoding matrix selected by the transmitter.
17 US20080188259 CQI reporting for MIMO transmissionin a wireless communication system Techniques for determining and reporting channel quality indicator (CQI) information are described. A user equipment (UE) may determine a transmit power per channelization code, P.sub.OVSF, based on the available transmit power and a designated number of channelization codes, e.g., by uniformly distributing the available transmit power across all transport blocks and all of the designated number of channelization codes. The UE may estimate SINRs of multiple transport blocks based on P.sub.OVSF, determine CQI indices for the transport blocks based on the SINRs, and send the CQI indices to a Node B. The Node B may send multiple transport blocks to the UE based on the CQI indices. The Node B may send the transport blocks (i) with the designated number of channelization codes at P.sub.OVSF or (ii) with a second number of channelization codes at P.sub.OVSF, with the transport block sizes being scaled based on the designated and second numbers of channelization codes.
18 US20090086849 Method and apparatus of improved circular buffer rate matching for turbo-coded MIMO-OFDM wireless systems Methods and apparatus for determining the starting points of redundancy version transmissions in a circular rate matching operation. At least one block of information bits to be transmitted are encoded to generate a plurality of coded bits, which are then segmented into a plurality of sub-blocks of coded bits. Each of the sub-blocks of coded bits is interleaved by using a certain interleaver. The interleaved coded bits of the plurality of sub-blocks are collected and filled into a circular buffer having a plurality of redundancy versions in the circular buffer, with each redundancy version corresponding to a starting bit index in the circular buffer. For each transmission, a subset of bits are selected from the circular buffer by selecting a redundancy version from among the plurality of redundancy version. The selected subset of bits are modulated by using a certain modulation scheme, and are transmitted via at least one antenna. The redundancy versions of the circular being determined such that in at least one pair of redundancy versions, the number of bits between the starting point of a first redundancy version and the starting point of a second redundancy version is not divisible by at least one modulation order.
19 US20060045169 Coded-bit scrambling for multi-stream communication in a mimo channel In one embodiment, a multi-input/multi-output system includes a receiver , processor, coded bit scrambler, coded bit descrambler , and transmitter . The receiver generates demodulated symbol streams corresponding to a received signal. The processor generates coded bit sequences from source bit streams when operating in a transmit mode and bit log-likelihood ratio sequences from the information bit streams when operating in a receive mode. The coded bit scrambler scrambles the coded bit sequences to generate scrambled bit streams when in the transmit mode. The coded bit descrambler descrambles the log-likelihood ratio sequences by a real-valued descrambling sequence when operating in the receive mode, and also removes the effect of a scrambling sequence. The transmitter generates a transmit signal corresponding to the scrambled bit streams.
20 US20070105503 Systems and methods for reducing uplink resources to provide channel performance feedback for adjustment of downlink MIMO channel data rates Systems and methods for improving the performance of a MIMO wireless communication system by reducing the amount of uplink resources that are needed to provide channel performance feedback for the adjustment of data rates on the downlink MIMO channels. In one embodiment, a method comprises encoding each of a set of data streams according to corresponding data rates, permuting the data streams on a set of MIMO channels according to a full permutation of combinations, transmitting the permuted data streams, receiving the permuted data streams, decoding and determining an SNR for each of the data streams, computing a condensed SNR metric for the set of data streams, providing the condensed metric as feedback, determining a set of individual SNR metrics for the data streams based on the condensed SNR metric, and adjusting the data rates at which the data streams are encoded based on the individual SNR metrics.

Search Strategy - MIMO

Patent mapping by graphical analysis

Sno. Patent/Publication No. Title Figure analyzed Analyzed result Standard mapped into
1 US20070217538A1 Systems and methods for improving performance of multiple spatial communication channels Figure 4 DL data rate: 220 M bps for 3x3 advanced MIMO-SVD LTE release 8, category 4
2 US20090232229A1 Device, system and method of resource allocation in a wireless network Figure 2A DL data rate: 210 M bps for a 2x2 MIMO at cell centre LTE release 8, category 5


Ranking of Non ETSI patents

Sno. Patent/Publication No. US Class (primary) Title Publication Year Priority Year(s) Legal status Rank
1 US7548730B2 375267 Systems and methods for improving performance of multiple spatial communication channels 2007 2006 Patented Case 1
2 US20090232229A1 375260 Device, system and method of resource allocation in a wireless network 2009 2008 Docketed New Case - Ready for Examination 2
3 US20080187066A1 375267 Detection method and apparatus for a multi-stream MIMO 2008 2007 Non Final Action Mailed 2
4 US7796546B2 370315 Apparatus and method for supporting multiple links in a network using frequency bands 2007 2006 Patented Case 4

Disclaimer: Patent ranking has been done according to the following logic:

  • Rank-1: Granted + LTE related (claims)
  • Rank-2: Published + LTE related (claims)
  • Rank-3: LTE related (Full spec )
  • Rank-4: May be relevant and requires further analysis
  • Rank-5: Abandoned or Expired



Major players in the non-ETSI list for MIMO

Non playders.jpg

Major companies for low cost IP for MIMO

Smalls.jpg

Disclaimer 1: Here primarily, companies with an average annual revenue less than 400 million USD are considered. In addition to these, some big companies whose primary interest is not LTE and those which provide IP licensing are also considered.

Disclaimer 2 :The above graph is based on raw data available with us. Some of the patents may not be relevant

Most cited documents in non-ETSI list for MIMO

S.No Patent/Publication No. Title Priority Date Assignee/Applicant Count of Citing Patents
1 US5541955A Adaptive data rate modem 1992-11-06 | 1995-04-28 Pericle Communications Company 272
2 US5999561A Direct sequence spread spectrum method, computer-based product, apparatus and system tolerant to frequency 1997-05-20 | 1997-07-08 | 1997-09-15 Sanconix Inc 161
3 US5752164A Autonomous remote measurement unit for a personal communications service system 1992-04-27 | 1995-04-25 American PCS L 146
4 US4441180A Service integrated communication transmission and interchange system 1979-06-01 | 1980-05-30 Licentia Patent Verwaltungs GmbH 134
5 US6072994A Digitally programmable multifunction radio system architecture 1995-8-31 Northrop Grumman Corporation 133
6 US6314147B1 Two-stage CCI/ISI reduction with space-time processing in TDMA cellular networks 1997-11-04 | 1998-11-04 The Board of Trustees of the Leland Stanford Junior University 132
7 US5859878A Common receive module for a programmable digital radio 1995-8-31 Northrop Grumman Corporation 131
8 US5345471A Ultra-wideband receiver 1993-12-4 The Regents of the University of California 130
9 US5694134A Phased array antenna system including a coplanar waveguide feed arrangement 1992-12-01 | 1993-10-21 | 1994-01-14 Superconducting Core Technologies, Inc. 128
10 US5347286A Automatic antenna pointing system based on global positioning system (GPS) attitude information 1992-02-13 | 1993-03-19 Trimble Navigation Limited 115

Company wise distribution of IP

Company wise distribution of IP

Note:

  • The subsidiaries of Nokia includes : Nokia Telecommunication Oy and Nokia Siemens.
  • The subsidiaries of Ericsson/LM Ericsson includes : Ericsson GE Mobile Communications Inc, ST-Ericsson, Sony Ericcson.
  • The Subsidiaries of Alcatel includes : Alcatel-Lucent, Alcatel Shangai bell company, Alcatel Transmission, Lucent Technologies, CIT Alcatel.
  • The Subsidiaries of NTT includes : Nippondenso Co, NTT Docomo.
  • The subsidiaries of NEC Corp includes : NEC Access technica Ltd.,NEC Laboratories.
  • The subsidiaries of Phlilps includes : Philips Electronics, Philips Intellectual property & standards.
  • The subsidiaries of Fujistu includes : Fujistu ten Limited, Fujitsu Microelectronics Limited.
  • The subsidiaries of AT&T includes : AT&T Mobility, AT & T BLS Intellectual Property, AT&T Bell Laboratories, AT&T Wireless Services Inc., BellSouth Intellectual Property Corporation.

Filing trends over the years

Filing trends over the years

Filing trends for top 10 companies

Filing trends for top 10 companies

Year by year trends of top 5 companies

Year by year trends of top 5 companies


Interactive Taxonomy

Note:This interactive taxonomy consists of 131 sample documents.

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LTE Release 8

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References

  • Stefania Sesia, Issam Toufik, and Matthew Baker, "LTE - The UMTS Long Term Evolution - From Theory to Practice", John Wiley & Sons, 2009,
  • Martin Sauter, "From GSM to LTE - An Introduction to Mobile Networks and Mobile Broadband", John Wiley & Sons, 2010,
  • Erik Dahlman, Stefan Parkvall, Johan Sköld, Per Beming, "3G Evolution - HSPA and LTE for Mobile Broadband", 2nd edition, Academic Press, 2008,
  • Mustafa Ergen, "Mobile Broadband - Including WiMAX and LTE", Springer, NY, 2009
  • Borko Furht, Syed A. Ahson, "Long Term Evolution: 3GPP LTE Radio And Cellular Technology", CRC Press, 2009,
  • Ezio Biglieri, Robert calderbank, Anthony Constantinides et.al ,"MIMO Wireless Communications" Cambridge University Press, 2007


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