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Alopecia - Hair Loss

598 bytes added, 13:10, 15 July 2006
/* GSK-3 Inhibition */
* Ser-X-X-X-Ser (X is any amino acid) motif is obligatory for beta-catenin phosphorylation by GSK3.[http://lib.bioinfo.pl/auth:He,X source]
* Beta-catenin phosphorylation/degradation and its regulation by Wnt can occur normally in the absence of Thr41 as long as the Ser-X-X-X-Ser motif/spacing is preserved. [httSp://pubs.acs.org/cgi-bin/abstract.cgi/bichaw/2006/45/i16/abs/bi0601149.html source]
* '''GK3 Inhibition:'''  * GSK3 is regulated by phosphorylation.* Phosphorylation of GSK3beta on Ser9 (Ser21 in GSK3alpha) by protein kinase B (PKB) causes its inactivation is the primary mechanism responsible for growth factor inhibition of this kinase. Activation of GSK3beta is dependent upon the phosphorylation of Tyr216 (Tyr279 in GSK3alpha). Upon activation, it has been shown to phosphorylate a number of different cellular proteins, including p53, c-Myc, c-Jun, heat shock factor-1 (HSF-1), beta-catenin and cyclin D1. [http://www.bioreagents.com/index.cfm/fuseaction/products.detail/CatNbr/OPA1-03082 source]* GSK3 is inhibited by phosphorylation of serine-9 or serine-21 in GSK3beta and GSK3alpha, respectively. [http://lib.bioinfo.pl/auth:Friedman,AB source]
* GSK3’s substrate specificity is unique in that phosphorylation of substrate only occurs if a phosphoserine or phosphotyrosine is present four residues C-terminal to the site of GSK phosphorylation. [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=11430833&dopt=Abstract source]
* A phosphorylation cascade starts from GSK3 itself and initiates it in beta-catenin. [http://www.genesdev.org/cgi/content/full/16/16/2073 source]
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