Changes
/* Structure-Activity Relationships(SARs) */
{{TOCrightEx}}
== Rationale ==
* "Medication for men plagued by hair loss has become a topic of interest in Japan since a drug company began marketing it at the end of last year." March 5th, 2006 – [http://stophair.setupmyblog.com/?p=55 sourceSource] * "An increasing number of companies are apparently turning the Chinese fear of a bald spot into big bucks with some doing so well they are branching out into other countries." February 16, 2006 – [http://stophair.setupmyblog.com/Source] * "There is something in the air, or should we say in the hair, these days. Scientific research into hair loss remedies has never been more active or more exciting." June 7, 2006 - [http://www.prnewswire.com/cgi-bin/stories.pl?ACCT=109&STORY=/www/story/06-07-2005/0003821470&EDATE=Source]<br><br><br>
== Introduction ==
* Hair is made up of a protein called keratin.
* Each shaft of hair is made of two or three inter-twined layers of keratin which grow from a follicle beneath the skin.
* Hair Structure - [http://www.pg.com/science/haircare/hair_twh_12.htmSource]* Hair Cycle - [http://www.follicle.com/hair-structure-life-cycle.htmlSource]
[[Image:Hairbasics.jpg|center|400px|Structure of Hair root and Hair bulb]]
[[Image:Facts.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Survey results from Japan]]
Both men and women lose hair for similar reasons. Hair loss in men is often more dramatic, and follows a specific pattern of loss, one of which has been termed “Male Pattern Baldness" or "Androgenetic Alopecia".
=== Types of alopecia===
== Major players ==
[[Image:players.jpg|thumb|left|400px500px|Assignees with more than 20 patents ]][[Image:players1.jpg|thumb|center|400px500px|Assignees with fewer than 20 patents ]]<br>
* '''Active assignees'''
[[Image:Active.jpg|thumb|center|500px|Active Assignees]]
== Taxonomy ==
[[Image:Alopecia toxonomy.jpg|thumb|center|800px]]
== Interactive Taxonomy ==
''Use the mouse(click and drag/scroll up or down/click on nodes) to explore nodes in the detailed taxonomy'' <br>
''Click on the red arrow on the side of a node name to view the content for that particular node in the dashboard''
<mm>[[Map12.mm]]</mm>
== Treatment Approaches==
!width="400" bgcolor=DodgerBlue|'''Composition action'''
|- style="height:20px"
|bgcolor=LightCyan|[http://appft1.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=%2220060009430%22.PGNR.&OS=DN/20060009430&RS=DN/20060009430 [US20060009430]]
BLOTECH (2004)
|bgcolor=LightCyan|Natural extracts
* Minoxidil is thought to have a direct mitogenic effect on epidermal cells, as has been observed both in vitro and in vivo. Though the mechanism of its action for causing cell proliferation is not very clear, minoxidil is thought to prevent intracellular calcium entry. Calcium normally enhances epidermal growth factors to inhibit hair growth, and Minoxidil by getting converted to minoxidil sulfate acts as a potassium channel agonist and enhances potassium ion permeability to prevent calcium ions from entering into cells. ([http://www.hairtransplantadvice.com/medical-hair-restoration.php Source])
* Minoxidil sulfate (MS) appears to be the active metabolite responsible for hair growth stimulation.
==== Functions of Vasodilators ====
|bgcolor=LightCyan|....
|}
=== Focus of patents ===
=== Technology focus===
[[Image:Technologyfocus2.jpg|thumb|center|700px|Technology focus]]
=== Distribution of patents ===
|}
==== [[List of patents]] ====
== Pathways and linkages ==
=== Pathways associated with Anti Androgen===
[[Image:Slide1Slide3.GIF|thumbgif|center|700 720 px|Alopecia pathways]]
==== Players of WNT inhibition Pathway ====
|bgcolor=LightCyan|[http://v3.espacenet.com/textdoc?DB=EPODOC&IDX=WO03011287&F=0 WO2003011287]
|bgcolor=LightCyan|Pyrazolon derivatives
|bgcolor=LightCyan|GSK3, βß-catenin
|-
|bgcolor=LightCyan|[http://patft1.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PALL&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.htm&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=6924141.PN.&OS=PN/6924141&RS=PN/6924141 US6924141]
|bgcolor=LightCyan|Lithium chloride, Wnt3/4/ 7
|bgcolor=LightCyan|βß-catenin, GSK3, Wnt
|-
|bgcolor=LightCyan|[http://patft1.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PALL&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.htm&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=6706685.PN.&OS=PN/6706685&RS=PN/6706685 US6706685]
|bgcolor=LightCyan|Peptide sequence
|bgcolor=LightCyan|βß-catenin
|-
|bgcolor=LightCyan|[http://patft1.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PALL&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.htm&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=6683048.PN.&OS=PN/6683048&RS=PN/6683048 US6683048]
|bgcolor=LightCyan|Peptide sequence
|bgcolor=LightCyan|αa-catenin, βß-catenin
|-
|bgcolor=LightCyan|[http://patft1.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PALL&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.htm&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=6677116.PN.&OS=PN/6677116&RS=PN/6677116 US6677116]
|bgcolor=LightCyan|Peptide sequence LXXLL
|bgcolor=LightCyan|βß-catenin
|-
|bgcolor=LightCyan|[http://patft1.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PALL&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.htm&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=6303576.PN.&OS=PN/6303576&RS=PN/6303576 US6303576]
|bgcolor=LightCyan|Peptide sequence LXXLL
|bgcolor=LightCyan|βß-catenin
|}
'''Pyrazole'''
* '''Pyrazole''' (C3H4N2) refers both to the class of simple aromatic ring organic compounds of the heterocyclic series characterized by a 5-membered ring structure composed of three carbon atoms and two nitrogen atoms in adjacent positions and to the unsubstituted parent compound. Being so composed and having pharmacological effects on humans, they are classified as alkaloids although they are not known to occur in nature.
* Pyrazoles are produced synthetically through the reaction of αa,βß-unsaturated aldehydes with hydrazine and subsequent dehydrogenation
[[Image:pyrazole1.jpg|thumb|center|500px|Pyrazole (C3H4N2)]]
* Pyrazoles are used for their analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, antiarrhythmic, tranquilizing, muscle relaxing, psychoanaleptic, anticonvulsant, monoamineoxidase inhibiting, antidiabetic and antibacterial activities.
==== Structure-Activity Relationships(SARs) ====
[[Image:SAR_map.gif|center|600px720px]]
=== Pathway associated with Minoxidil (vasodilators) ===
== Alopecia IPMap ==
[http://www.dolcera.com/client/d8r3/hairloss_map.htm Dolcera IPMap for Alopecia]
== Patent activity in China ==
|-
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<br>
== Conclusions ==
* One of the most promising areas of development is the area of Anti-androgens.
* The top companies are Merck, L’Oreal and Smithkline.
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