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The 4G will be a fully IP-based integrated system of systems and network of networks achieved after the convergence of wired and wireless networks as well as computer, consumer electronics, communication technology, and several other convergences that will be capable of providing 100 Mbit/s and 1 Gbit/s, respectively, in outdoor and indoor environments with end-to-end QoS and high security, offering any kind of services anytime, anywhere, at affordable cost and one billing.

According to the 4G working groups, the infrastructure and the terminals will have almost all the standards from 2G to 3G implemented. The infrastructure will however only be packet based, all-IP. The system will also serve as an open platform where the new innovations can go with it.

* WiMAX

* WiBro

* 3GPP2 Ultra Mobile Broadband

*Wireless broadband access

*Multimedia Messaging Service

*Minimal service like voice and data

* A spectrally efficient system (in bits/s/Hz and bit/s/Hz/site)

* High network capacity

* An all IP, packet switched network

Mindmap below shows the overview of emerging technologies in 4G

|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''HSOPA'''

|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''3GPP2 UMB'''

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|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Access scheme'''

|align = "center"|128, 256, 512, 1024, 1536, 2048

|align = "center"|128, 256, 512, 1024, 1536, 2049

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|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Data rate'''

|align = "center"|QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM

|align = "center"|QPSK, 8PSK 16 QAM

|align = "center"|BPSK, 8PSK, QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM

|-

[[Image:roadmap_mobile wimax.jpg|700px|center|thumb| [http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.ixbt.com/mobile/itogi2006/wimax/Evolution_big.jpg&imgrefurl=http://forums.whirlpool.net.au/forum-replies-archive.cfm/765653.html&h=699&w=931&sz=91&hl=en&start=5&um=1&tbnid=vTRyRja1XS2n6M:&tbnh=110&tbnw=147&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dwimax%2Broadmap%26svnum%3D10%26um%3D1%26hl%3Den%26client%3Dfirefox-a%26rls%3Dorg.mozilla:en-US:official%26sa%3DG <font size = "3">'''Roadmap'''</font>]]]

==WiMAX==

* WiMAX is defined as "Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access" by the WiMAX Forum, formed in June 2001 to promote conformance and interoperability of the IEEE 802.16 standard, officially known as WirelessMAN. WiMAX aims to provide wireless data over long distances, in a variety of different ways, from point to point links to full mobile cellular type access. In practical terms this enables a user, for example, to browse the Internet on a laptop computer without physically connecting the laptop to a wall jack.

'''[[Background Information]]'''

Image below shows the spectrum for WiMAX users World wide.

[[Image:Spectrum1.jpg|center|800px|thumb|<font size = "3">'''Spectrum for WiMAX users World wide'''</font>]]

===Standards===

* Adding support for mobility (soft and hard handover between base stations). This is seen as one of the most important aspects of 802.16e-2005, and is the very basis of 'Mobile WiMAX'. [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WiMAX Source]

===Companies===

===Products===

Table below shows some of the products using WiMAX technology.

{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"

|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''Company'''

|align = "center" bgcolor = "#00CCFF"|'''Sub category'''

|-

|align = "center"|System on Chip (SoC)

|align = "center"|WiMAX Connection 2250

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|align = "center"|Subscriber station

|align = "center"|RedMAX™ Indoor Subscriber Unit (SU-I)

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|align = "center"|Base station

|align = "center"|HiperMAX

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|align = "center"|WiMAX mobile phone

|align = "center"|Samsung SPH-P9000 Cellphone

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|align = "center"|Antenna system

|align = "center"|Ripwave™ MX 2.3GHz

|}

* [[Media:wimax_upload.xls| Mobile WiMAX spreadsheet]]

==WiBro==

===Standards===

* WiBro is an integral part of IEEE 802.16e

===Companies===

|align = "center"|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/Jan2006/2427.htm M8000 WiBro handset ]</u></font>

|align = "center"|&nbsp;

|-

|align = "center"|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://uk.gizmodo.com/2005/12/28/samsungs_super_wibro_phone.html Super WiBro Phone ]</u></font>

|align = "center"|&nbsp;

|-

|align = "center"|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://aving.net/usa/news/default.asp?mode=read&c_num=28705&c_code=02&sp_code=0&btb_num=2747 WiBro-enabled notebook pc]</u></font>

|align = "center"|&nbsp;

|-

|align = "center"|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://www.etopiamedia.net/ybw/pages/ybw2-5551212.html Access control Router]</u></font>

|align = "center"|&nbsp;

|-

|align = "center"|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://www.kisantel.co.kr/eng/products/sub02.asp WiBro Repeater]</u></font>

|align = "center"|&nbsp;

|-

[[Image:Document5_07.jpg]]

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|}

* Uplink based on SC-FDMA (single carrier) (SC-FDMA is technically similar to OFDMA but is better suited for uplink from hand-held devices- more considerations on battery power)

* Download rates of 100 Mbit/s, and upload rates of 50 Mbit/s for every 20 MHz of spectrum

* At least 200 active users in every 5 MHz cell. (ie 200 active phone calls)

* Optimal cell size of 5 km, 30 km sizes with reasonable performance, and up to 100 km cell sizes supported with acceptable performance

* Co-existence with legacy standards (users can transparently start a call or transfer of data in an area using an LTE standard, and, should coverage be unavailable, continue the operation without any action on their part using GSM/GPRS or W-CDMA-based UMTS)

===Companies===

===Products===

{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"

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High Speed OFDM Packet Access (HSOPA) is a proposed part of 3GPP's Long Term Evolution (LTE) upgrade path for UMTS systems. HSOPA is also often referred to as Super 3G. If adopted, HSOPA succeeds HSDPA and HSUPA technologies specified in 3GPP releases 5 and 6. Unlike HSDPA or HSUPA, HSOPA is an entirely new air interface system, unrelated to and incompatible with W-CDMA.

Features of HSOPA

* Flexible bandwidth usage with 1.25 MHz to 20 MHz bandwidths. By comparison, W-CDMA uses fixed size 5 MHz chunks of spectrum.

* Increased spectral efficiency at 2-4 times more than in 3GPP release 6, peak transfer rates of 100 Mbit/s for downlink and 50 Mbit/s for uplink.

HSOPA uses Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) and multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna technology to support up to 10 times as many users as W-CDMA based systems, with lower processing power required on each handset.[1]. Still in development, experimental performance is 37 Mbit/s in the downlink over a 5 MHz channel, close to the theoretical maximum of 40 Mbit/s.

===Products===

==3GPP2 Ultra Mobile Broadband==

===Companies===

{|border="2" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="4" width="75%" align = "center"

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