Difference between pages "Carbon Nanotubes (CNT)" and "Pressure sensitive adhesives"

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== Introduction ==
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==Dashboard==
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Dolcera dahsboard provides quick and easy navigation through the technology segments. Below is the snapshot of how it look like. Click on the link [http://client.dolcera.com/dashboard/dashboard.html?workfile_id=262 '''Dolcera Dashboard'''] for Pressure Sensitive Adhesives.
  
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[http://client.dolcera.com/dashboard/dashboard.html?workfile_id=262 '''Dolcera Dashboard''']
  
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=== Nanotechnology ===
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[[image:dashboard.jpg|center|500 px]]
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Nanotechnology refers broadly to a field of applied science and technology whose unifying theme is the control of matter on the atomic and molecular scale, normally 1 to 100 nanometers, and the fabrication of devices with critical dimensions that lie within that size range.
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=== Run of Nanotechnology ===
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==Overview==
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* '''December 29, 1959''': The first thought of Nanotechnology was given by Richard Feynman in "[http://www.zyvex.com/nanotech/feynman.html There's Plenty of Room at the Bottom]" at an American Physical Society meeting at Caltech.
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Pressure sensitive adhesive (PSA, self adhesive, self stick adhesive) is adhesive that forms a bond when pressure is applied to marry the adhesive with the adherend. No solvent, water, or heat is needed to activate the adhesive. It is used in pressure sensitive tapes, labels, note pads, automobile trim, and a wide variety of other products.
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* '''September, 1981''': First technical paper published on molecular nanotechnology. The same year scanning tunneling microscope (STM) invented.
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* '''1982-1990''':Books and prizes on nanotechnology. Atomic force microscope invented in 1986.
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* '''1991''': Carbon Nanotubes (CNT's) discovered.
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* '''1997''': First company on nanotechnology founded, it's name is [http://www.zyvex.com/ Zyvex].
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* '''1998-2007''': Research, investment, conferences and meetings on nanotechnology.
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=== Applications of Nanotechnology ===
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As the name "pressure sensitive" indicates, the degree of bond is influenced by the amount of pressure which is used to apply the adhesive to the surface.
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It has or will have applications in almost all areas we can think of.
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{|border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" width="65%"
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Surface factors such as smoothness, surface energy, removal of contaminants, etc. are also important to proper bonding.
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|-
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!Environment and Energy
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* Clean Technology
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* Reducing Global Warming
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* Eco-friendly and Efficient Energy
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* Eco-friendly Coatings
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* Lotus-effect Surfaces
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* Self-cleaning Glass
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* Environmental Monitoring
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* Remediation of Soil
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* Remediation and Treatment of Water
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! Medical and Health
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* Lab-on-a-chip: The Analytical Revolution
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|-
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|}
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[[Image:nanotechnology.jpg|700 px|center|thumb|Applications in nanotechnology]]
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PSAs are usually designed to form a bond and hold properly at room temperatures. PSAs typically reduce or lose their tack at cold temperatures and reduce their shear holding ability at high temperatures: Specialty adhesives are made to function at high or low temperatures. It is important to choose an adhesive formulation which is designed for its intended use conditions.
  
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[http://www.nipne.ro/rjp/2004_49_9-10/0767_0776.pdf Source link]
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===Surface Energy===
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[[Image:Surface energy.jpg|thumb|right|800|Measuring of Surface Energy]]
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# Surface energy is a measure of how well an adhesive wets out over the surface of the material to which it is applied.
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# The most common method of determining the surface energy is to measure the contact angle of a water droplet on the substrate surface.
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# The contact angle between the solid and the fluid is the angle measured within the fluid, between the solid surface and the tangent plane to the liquid surface at the point of intersection.
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# A contact angle of greater than 90° indicates that the fluid (which is ink or adhesive in this case) has not wet the surface. Conversely an angle of less than 90° means that the fluid has wet the surface - if the angle approaches zero then the surface is completely wetted by the fluid.
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# The surface energy or the wetability of a particular substrate is measured in dynes/cm. [http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.pcn.org/images/Technical%2520Notes%2520-%2520Corona1.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.pcn.org/Technical%2520Notes%2520-%2520Corona.html&h=327&w=370&sz=13&hl=en&start=2&um=1&tbnid=Nb4kgRrPYnxojM:&tbnh=108&tbnw=122&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dsurface%2Benergy%26svnum%3D10%26um%3D1%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DX Source]
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===Low Surface Energy Substrates===
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# Low energy plastics, such as polypropylene (PP), polyethylene (PE) and Teflon (PTFE) are essentially "non- stick" plastics.
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# Their molecular structure inhibits the adhesion and printing processes - this molecular structure is basically inert or inactive – these polymers are said to have a low surface energy.
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# Materials with low surface energy (LSE) do not allow adhesives to wet out, while materials with high surface energy (HSE) provide excellent wet-out, providing the best adhesion.
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# Rubber-based adhesives usually provide better adhesion to LSE surfaces.
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# Some substrates require special treatment such as corona treating, primers, top coating, etc., in order to achieve better adhesion.
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# On some LSE substrates, adhesion levels improve the longer adhesive is applied. [http://www.chemsultants.com/latestprods/adhesive_definitions.html Source]
  
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* '''Aerospace'''
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===Adhesion===
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::* [http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/sciencenow/3401/02.html Space Elevators]
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[[Image:Adhesionnew.jpg|thumb|right|800|Adhesion]]
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::* [http://science.nasa.gov/headlines/y2002/16sep_rightstuff.htm Spaceship]
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# Adhesion is the molecular force of attraction between unlike materials.  
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::* [http://www.andybrain.com/extras/solar-sail.htm Solar Sails]
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# Adhesion and cohesion, attractive forces between material bodies. A distinction is usually made between an adhesive force, which acts to hold two separate bodies together (or to stick one body to another) and a cohesive force, which acts to hold together the like or unlike atoms, ions, or molecules of a single body.
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::* [http://www.niac.usra.edu/files/library/meetings/annual/oct04/914Mavroidis.pdf Biorobots]
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# For example water molecules stick to each other. This is caused by hydrogen bonds that form between the slightly positive and negative ends of neighboring molecules.  
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* '''Medicine'''
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# Water is found in drops; perfect spheres. It’s hard to imagine water behaving any other way due to cohesion and water molecules stick to other surfaces due to adhesion.[http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.ccs.k12.in.us/chsBS/kons/kons/images/water-droplet.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.ccs.k12.in.us/chsBS/kons/kons/physical_properties_of_water.htm&h=168&w=238&sz=15&hl=en&start=4&tbnid=UrmkX2TGv_os2M:&tbnh=77&tbnw=109&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dwater%2Badhesion%26gbv%3D2%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DG Source]
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::* Identifying location of cancer cells. [http://www.physorg.com/news2850.html]
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::* Delivering chemotherapy drugs directly to cancer cells.[http://www.rsc.org/chemistryworld/News/2006/April/11040601.asp]
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::* Nanoshells that concentrate the heat from infrared light to destroy cancer cells with minimal damage to surrounding healthy cells. [http://www.sciencentral.com/articles/view.php3?language=english&type=24119&article_id=218392390&cat=3_all]
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::* Nanotubes used in broken bones to provide a structure for new bone material to grow.[http://www.physorg.com/news5003.html]
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::* Nanoparticles that can attach to cells infected with various diseases and allow a lab to identify, in a blood sample, the particular disease.[http://www.nanotech-now.com/news.cgi?story_id=16228]
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* '''Food Storage'''
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::* [http://www.nanocor.com/nanocomposites.asp Clay nanocomposites] are being used to provide an impermeable barrier to gasses such as oxygen or carbon dioxide in lightweight bottles, cartons and packaging films.
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::* Food storage bins are being produced with silver nanoparticles embedded in the plastic. The silver nanoparticles kill bacteria from any food that was previously stored in the bins, minimizing health risks from harmful bacteria.[http://www.azonano.com/details.asp?ArticleID=1695]
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::* It is possible to use nanosensors in plastic packaging to detect gases given off by food when it spoils. The packaging itself changes color to alert you to food gone bad.
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* '''Agriculture'''
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::* Food will be more tastier and healthier using nanaotechnology.[http://nsrg.neu.edu/resources/regulatory_capacity/documents/NanoAgFood.pdf]
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::* Research is also being conducted to develop nanocapsules containing nutrients that would be released when nanosensors detect a vitamin deficiency in your body.
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::* Researchers are also working on pesticides encapsulated in nanoparticles; that only release pesticide within an insect’s stomach, minimizing the contamination of plants themselves.
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::* Another development being persued is a network of nanosensors and dispensers used throughout a food crop. The sensors recognize when a plant needs nutrients or water, before there is any sign that the plant is deficient. The dispensers then release fertilizer, nutrients, or water as needed, optimizing the growth of each plant in the field one by one.
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* '''Chemistry'''
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::* Nanoparticles can be used as catalyst for chemical reactions.
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::* Nanotechnology can enable sensors to detect very small amounts of chemical vapors.[http://people.nas.nasa.gov/~cwei/Publication/cnt_sensor.pdf]
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::* ZnO nanowires may lead to better chemical sensors, high-speed electronics.[http://www.physorg.com/news77303473.html]
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::* Palladium nanoparticle hydrogen sensor.[http://nano-proprietary.com/PDFs/Palladium%20Nanoparticle%20Hydrogen%20SensorMNPS.pdf]
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* '''Semiconductor devices'''
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::* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nanoelectromechanical_systems NEMS]
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::* [http://www.technologyreview.com/Nanotech/18591/ OLED]
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::* [http://www.zurich.ibm.com/st/storage/concept.html Memory chips]
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::* [http://www.motorola.com/content.jsp?globalObjectId=8206 Nanoemmissive display panel]
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::* [http://www.intel.com/technology/architecture-silicon/45nm-core2/index.htm 45 nm wide transistor gates]
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::* [http://www.voyle.net/Nano%20Electronics/Nano%20Electronics-2004-0040.htm Magnetoresistive Random Access Memory (MRAM)]
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::* [http://www.hpl.hp.com/research/about/nanoelectronics.html Nanoscale integrated circuits]
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* '''Optics'''
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::* The first sunglasses using protective and antireflective ultrathin polymer coatings are on the market.
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::* Nanotechnology also offers scratch resistant surface coatings based on nanocomposites.
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::* Nano-optics could allow for an increase in precision of pupil repair and other types of laser eye surgery.
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* '''Textile'''
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::* The use of engineered nanofibers already makes clothes water- and stain-repellent or wrinkle-free.
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::* Textiles with a nanotechnological finish can be washed less frequently and at lower temperatures.
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::* Nanotechnology has been used to integrate tiny carbon particles membrane and guarantee full-surface protection from electrostatic charges for the wearer.
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* '''Consumer products'''
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::* Nanotechnology is now entered in almost all consumer products,for details see [http://www.nanotechproject.org/inventories/consumer/browse/]
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[[Image:report9.jpg|center|600 px|thumb|Number of products launched products launched vs categories]]
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===Pressure Sensitive Adhesive(PSA)===
 +
# Pressure sensitive adhesives are adhesives that adhere to a variety of substrates when applied with pressure.
 +
# The primary mode of bonding for a pressure sensitive adhesive is not chemical or mechanical but polar attraction to the substrate surface.
 +
# Applied pressure is necessary in order to achieve sufficient wet-out onto the substrate surface to provide adequate adhesion. [http://www.chemsultants.com/latestprods/adhesive_definitions.html Source]
  
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[http://www.nanotechproject.org/inventories/consumer/analysis_draft/ Source link]
 
  
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== Carbon Nanotubes ==
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[[image: Sealeant in adhesive.jpg|center|500 px]]
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[[Image:carbonnanotubes.png|Right|200 px|thumb|3D model of three types of single-walled carbon nanotubes]]
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Carbon Nanotubes (CNT's) are cylindrical shaped allotrope of carbon with  
+
==Market Information==
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length to diameter ratio exceeding 1,000,000.
+
* According to a report from the Business Communications Company, the 2001 US market for specialty adhesives was about $5.7 billion, and is forecast to grow at 4.3% per year, with medical and dental applications being the fastest-growing sector at 5.9% per year. [http://www.marketfile.com/print/paint/title5/index.htm Source]
 +
* Frost and Sullivan report the size of the European PSA market (medical and non-medical) to be $620 million in 2000, forecast to grow to $796 million in 2007. [http://www.engineeringtalk.com/news/fro/fro122.html Source]
 +
* The world value of the overall adhesives market is estimated at US $22 billion.
 +
* '''Total Market Expected to Grow at a CAGR of 9 Percent''': The U.S. PSA markets for labels and narrow-web graphics is expected to growth with a CAGR of 9 percent during the years 2006–2012. The total U.S. PSA markets for labels and narrow-web graphics unit shipments are expected to continue to growth at a CAGR of 6.6 percent due to high end-user growth. The UV technology is a new technology that have started to receive wide acceptance in the industry and that segment of the industry is a fragmented and developing segment with growth rates in double digits. While the solvent-based PSAs are expected to show decreasing growth percents, the water-based and solvent-based segments are expected to growth in the lines of the total industry. [http://www.frost.com/prod/servlet/report-brochure.pag?id=F652-01-00-00-00 Source]
  
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Such cylindrical carbon molecules have novel properties that make
+
* According to '''World Adhesives File 2000-2005''', the leading handful of adhesives suppliers, including pressure sensitive companies, already controlled almost half the global market in 1999. Henkel leads the way with an estimated 12% global market share, which will probably increase to around 14% with the purchase of Dexter’s adhesives interests. Pressure sensitive suppliers 3M and Avery Dennison are ranked second and third, with 9% and 7% shares respectively, followed jointly by National Starch and H.B. Fuller — both at 6%. The newly enlarged Atofina and Rohm and Haas follow closely behind.” [http://answers.google.com/answers/threadview?id=60487 Source]
−
them potentially useful in many applications in nanotechnology,  
+
* Growth of the world market averages about 2-3% per year.
−
electronics, optics and other fields of materials science. They
+
* Packaging adhesives make up the majority of the market.
−
exhibit extraordinary strength and unique electrical properties,
+
* The electronic and medical adhesives market is currently experiencing the most rapid growth.
−
and are efficient conductors of heat.
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=== Types ===
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* Market leaders by country are as follows:
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[[Image:swcnt.jpg|right|200 px|thumb|Vectors representing orientation of three types of Single-walled CNT's]]
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** United States - approximately 2.6 tonnes annually
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[[Image:dwcnt.jpg|right|200 px|thumb|A Double-walled CNT formed by multiple Single-walled CNTs]]
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** China
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# '''[http://www.pa.msu.edu/cmp/csc/ntproperties/equilibriumstructure.html Single-walled CNT's]''': This type of nanotube can be formed by rolling Graphene sheet. Graphene is a single planar sheet of sp²-bonded carbon atoms that are densely packed in a honeycomb crystal lattice. Types of Single-walled CNT's:
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** Japan
−
#* Zig-zag(n,0)
+
** Germany
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#* Armchair(n,n)
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** UK [[image:players_logo.jpg|right|500 px]]
−
#* Chiral(2n,n)
+
* Market leaders by company(which account for one-third of the market share) are:
−
# '''[http://www.nanotech-now.com/nanotube-buckyball-sites.htm Multi-walled]''': Multi-walled nanotubes(MWNT) consist of multiple layers of graphite rolled in on themselves to form a tube shape.
+
** Henkel
−
# '''[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fullerene Fullerite]''': Fullerites are the solid-state manifestation of fullerenes and related compounds and materials. Being highly incompressible nanotube forms, polymerized single-walled nanotubes (P-SWNT) are a class of fullerites and are comparable to diamond in terms of hardness.
+
** 3M
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# '''[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Torus Torus]''': A nanotorus is a theoretically described carbon nanotube bent into a torus (doughnut shape).
+
** Avery Denison
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# '''[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbon_nanobud Nanobud]''': The material fullerene-like "buds" are covalently bonded to the outer sidewalls of the underlying carbon nanotube. This hybrid material has useful properties of both fullerenes and carbon nanotubes.
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** HB Fuller
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** National Starch
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=== Properties ===
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** Atofina
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::* '''Physical Properties'''
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{|border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" width="65%"
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|align = "center" bgcolor = "#D9D9D9"|'''Material'''
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|align = "center" bgcolor = "#D9D9D9"|'''Young<nowiki>’</nowiki>s modulus''' (GPa)
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|align = "center" bgcolor = "#D9D9D9"|'''Tensile Strength''' (GPa)
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|align = "center" bgcolor = "#D9D9D9"|'''Density''' (g/cm3)
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−
|-
+
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|align = "center"|Single wall nanotube
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|align = "center"|1054
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|align = "center"|150
+
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|align = "center"|N/A
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−
|-
+
−
|align = "center"|Multi wall nanotube
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−
|align = "center"|1200
+
−
|align = "center"|150
+
−
|align = "center"|2.6
+
−
|-
+
−
|align = "center"|Steel
+
−
|align = "center"|208
+
−
|align = "center"|0.4
+
−
|align = "center"|7.8
+
−
|-
+
−
|align = "center"|Epoxy
+
−
|align = "center"|3.5
+
−
|align = "center"|0.005
+
−
|align = "center"|1.25
+
−
|-
+
−
|align = "center"|Wood
+
−
|align = "center"|16
+
−
|align = "center"|0.008
+
−
|align = "center"|0.6
+
−
|-
+
−
|}
+
−
[http://www.applied-nanotech.com/cntproperties.htm Source link]
+
−
::* '''Electrical Properties''': Because of the symmetry and unique electronic structure of graphene, the structure of a nanotube strongly affects its electrical properties. For a given (n,m) nanotube, if n − m is a multiple of 3, then the nanotube is metallic, otherwise the nanotube is a semiconductor. Thus all armchair (n=m) nanotubes are metallic, and nanotubes (5,0), (6,4), (9,1), etc. are semiconducting. In theory, metallic nanotubes can have an electrical current density more than 1,000 times greater than metals such as silver and copper.
+
  
−
=== Method of fabrication ===
+
==Intellectual Property==
−
::* '''[http://nanotube.msu.edu/synthesis/ca.html Arc discharge]''': It is the simplest and most commonly used method of producing Carbon nanotubes.    This method creates CNTs through arc-vaporization of two carbon rods placed end to end, separated by approximately 1mm, in an enclosure that is usually filled with inert gas (helium, argon) at low pressure (between 50 and 700 mbar).
+
−
::* '''[http://www.azonano.com/Details.asp?ArticleID=1561 Laser ablation]''': In 1996, a dual-pulsed laser vaporization technique was developed, which produced SWNTs in gram quantities and yields of >70wt% purity.  Samples were prepared by laser vaporization of graphite rods with a 50:50 catalyst mixture of Co and Ni (particle size ~1um) at 1200oC in flowing argon, followed by heat treatment in a vacuum at 1000oC to remove the C60 and other fullerenes.
+
−
::* '''[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemical_vapor_deposition Chemical vapor deposition (CVD)]''':Large amounts of CNTs can be formed by catalytic CVD of acetylene over Co and Fe catalysts supported on silica or zeolite.
+
  
−
== Application of Carbon nanotubes ==
+
===Patent Search Table===
−
::* '''Polymer Composites''': The first realized major commercial application of MWNTs is their use as electrically conducting components in polymer composites.Depending on the polymer matrix, conductivities of 0.01 to 0.1 S/cm can be obtained for 5% loading; much lower conductivity levels suffice for dissipating electrostatic charge. The low loading levels and the nanofiber morphology of the MWNTs allow electronic conductivity to be achieved while avoiding or minimizing degradation of other performance aspects, such as mechanical properties and the low melt flow viscosity needed for thin-wall molding applications.
+
{|border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" width="100%"
−
::* '''Electrochemical devices''': Because of the high electrochemically accessible surface area of porous nanotube arrays, combined with their high electronic conductivity and useful mechanical properties, these materials are attractive as electrodes for devices that use electrochemical double-layer charge injection.
+
|colspan = "5"|
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::* '''Hydrogen storage''': Nanotubes have been long heralded as potentially useful for hydrogen storage (for example, for fuel cells that power electric vehicles or laptop computers).
+
* Patent search on Micropat
−
::* '''Field emission devices''': Industrial and academic research activity on electronic devices has focused principally on using SWNTs and MWNTs as field emission electron sources for flat panel displays, lamps, gas discharge tubes providing surge protection, and x-ray and microwave generators.
+
* Databases searched: '''USG USA EPA EPB WO JP DEG DEA DET DEU GBA FRA'''
−
::* '''Nanometer-sized electronic devices''':
+
−
::* '''Sensors and probes''': Possible chemical sensor applications of nonmetallic nanotubes are interesting, because nanotube electronic transport and thermopower (voltages between junctions caused by interjunction temperature differences) are very sensitive to substances that affect the amount of injected charge.The main advantages are the minute size of the nanotube sensing element and the correspondingly small amount of material required for a response.
+
−
 
+
−
[http://www.eikos.com/articles/carbnano_routetoapp.pdf Source link]
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−
 
+
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[[Image:Carbon Nanotube1.jpg|700 px|center|thumb|Map categorization for CNT]]
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−
 
+
−
== Top ongoing projects on CNT's ==
+
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::*  The Ajayan group is using carbon nanotubes as templates and molds for fabricating nanowires, composites, and novel ceramic fibers.[http://www.rpi.edu/locker/38/001238/INDEX.HTM]
+
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::* Dai group discovered how to grow nanotubes in specific directions and orientations on substrates using a chemical vapor deposition process.[http://www.stanford.edu/dept/chemistry/faculty/dai/group/]
+
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::* Smalley group is developing methods of production, purification, derivitization, analysis, and assembly of nanotubes to solve real world problems. [http://smalley.rice.edu/]
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::* Sun Research group is researching on polymeric nanocomposite materials based on carbon nanotubes and semiconductor and metal nanoparticles. [http://www.ces.clemson.edu/lemt/research.htm]
+
−
::* Accelerator Laboratory,  the University of Helsinki is researching on Ion irradiation as a tool for studying and modifying properties of carbon nanotubes.[http://beam.acclab.helsinki.fi/nanotubes/]
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−
 
+
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+
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== IP Activity on carbon nanotubes ==
+
−
 
+
−
* Number of patents filled on nanotubes are increasing exponentially by years.
+
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* Last year i.e 2007, around 1450 patents are filled in this field.
+
−
 
+
−
[[Image:report11.jpg|700px|center|thumb|IP Activity by year]]
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−
 
+
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* Major IPC classes with description is given.
+
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+
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+
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[[Image:report3.jpg|700px|center|thumb|Top IPC]]
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+
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+
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{|border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" width="100%"
+
−
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#C0C0C0"|S. no.
+
−
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#C0C0C0"|IPC Classification
+
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|align = "center" bgcolor = "#C0C0C0"|Description
+
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|-
+
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|align = "center"|1
+
−
|align = "center"|H01J
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−
|align = "center"|ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
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−
|-
+
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|align = "center"|2
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|align = "center"|C01B
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|align = "center"|NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS AND THEIR COMPOUNDS
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−
|-
+
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|align = "center"|3
+
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|align = "center"|H01L
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|align = "center"|SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES AND ELECTRIC SOLID STATE DEVICES
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−
|-
+
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|align = "center"|4
+
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|align = "center"|B82B
+
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|align = "center"|NANOTECHNOLOGY
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|-
 
|-
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|align = "center"|5
+
|bgcolor = "#FFFF99"|'''Query.No.'''
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|align = "center"|H01M
+
|bgcolor = "#FFFF99"|'''Searched Sections'''
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|align = "center"|BATTERIES OR FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
+
|bgcolor = "#FFFF99"|'''Years Searched'''
 +
|bgcolor = "#FFFF99"|'''Query'''
 +
|bgcolor = "#FFFF99"|'''Hits'''
 
|-
 
|-
−
|align = "center"|6
+
|1
−
|align = "center"|B01J
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|Claims, Title or Abstract
−
|align = "center"|CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS, COLLOID CHEMISTRY AND THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
+
|1836 – Date
 +
||(rubber OR acryl* OR silicone OR oil*1 OR resin*1 OR ethylen* OR isoprene OR terpene OR copolymer* OR vinyl* OR siloxane* ((acid OR anhydride) ADJ1 (acrylic OR crotonic OR (vinyl ADJ1 acetic) OR fumaric OR maleic OR malonic OR succinic OR itaconic OR citraconic)) OR polymer* OR styrene OR ester*) SAME (((pressure ADJ1 sensitive) NEAR2 (adhesive* OR glue OR paste OR (binding ADJ1 agent) OR (epoxy ADJ1 resin*) OR film) OR PSA OR PSAs) OR (adhesion* WITH (peel OR tensile OR shear) OR stick*) OR (radical* ADJ1 (initiator* OR maker*)))
 +
|76006
 
|-
 
|-
−
|align = "center"|7
+
|2
−
|align = "center"|D01F
+
|Claims, Title or Abstract
−
|align = "center"|CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES, OR RIBBONS AND APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
+
|1836 – Date
 +
|(((low ADJ surface ADJ energy) WITH (substrate*1 OR polymer OR compound* OR material OR film)) OR (surface ADJ1 tension) OR (surface ADJ1 rough*) OR viscosity OR (oily ADJ surface) OR (low ADJ1 energy ADJ1 surface*)) AND (polyolefin*1 OR polyethylene*1 OR polypropylene*1 OR (polyvinyl ADJ1 chloride ADJ1 film) OR (oil ADJ1 contaminated ADJ1 metal) OR polybutene OR polyisoprene*1 OR (polyvinylidene ADJ1 fluoride*) OR polytetrafluoroethylene*1 OR polyester*1 OR polyamide*1 OR polyacetal*1 OR polystyrene*1 OR polyurethane* OR polyurea OR silan* OR polycarbonate*)
 +
|75602
 
|-
 
|-
−
|align = "center"|8
+
|3
−
|align = "center"|G01N
+
|Claims, Title or Abstract
−
|align = "center"|INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
+
|1836 – Date
−
|-
+
|1 AND 2
−
|align = "center"|9
+
|2272
−
|align = "center"|B32B
+
−
|align = "center"|LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
+
−
|-
+
−
|align = "center"|10
+
−
|align = "center"|C08K
+
−
|align = "center"|USE OF INORGANIC OR NON-MACROMOLECULAR ORGANIC SUBSTANCES AS COMPOUNDING INGREDIENTS
+
 
|-
 
|-
 
|}
 
|}
 +
* Total number of patents - 2272
 +
* Total number of unique patent families - 1483
  
 +
===Taxonomy for analysis===
 +
[[Image:adhesion-3Mnew2.jpg|thumb|center|800px|Taxonomy map - Adhesion]]
  
−
* Hon Hai Prec Ind Co leads the number of patent filing by a great margin with their competitors.
+
===Taxonomy for PSA composition===
−
* Samsung Electronics and Samsung SDI Co. Ltd. together contributes 148 patents.
+
[[Image:adhesion-final version.jpg|thumb|center|1000px|Taxonomy map - Adhesion]]
−
 
+
−
 
+
−
[[Image:report4.jpg|700px|center|thumb|Top Assignee]]
+
−
 
+
−
== Sample Analysis ==
+
−
* Below is the link for sample spreadsheet analysis for Carbon nanotubes.
+
−
 
+
−
[[Media:Sample taxomomy for carbon nano tubes.xls|Sample analysis on carbon nanotubes]]
+
−
 
+
−
== Dashboard ==
+
−
=== Dashboard Snapshots ===
+
−
 
+
−
[[Image:dashboard1.jpg|center|800px]]
+
−
 
+
−
 
+
−
[[Image:dashboard2.jpg|center|800px]]
+
−
 
+
−
 
+
−
[[Image:dashboard3.jpg|center|800px]]
+
−
 
+
−
=== Link to Dashboard ===
+
−
[http://client.dolcera.com/dashboard/dashboard.html?workfile_id=274 Dashboard for CNTs]
+
−
 
+
−
== Carbon nanotube in Electric discharge tubes and discharge lamps (IPC H01J) ==
+
−
 
+
−
=== IP Map ===
+
−
 
+
−
[[Image:Discharge lamps.jpg|500px|center|thumb|Map for electron emitter devices]]
+
  
−
=== IP Activity on carbon nanotubes in Electric discharge tubes and discharge lamps ===
+
===IP Activity===
 +
[[image:Priority year_PSA.jpg|center|600 px|thunb|Competitors]]
  
 +
===Major Competitors===
 +
[[image:competitors_PSA.jpg|center|600 px|thunb|Competitors]]
  
−
[[Image:report6.jpg|500 px|center|thumb|IP activity by year]]
+
===Composition components matrix===
−
 
+
−
[[Image:report5.jpg|500 px|center|thumb|Top Assignee]]
+
−
 
+
−
=== Analysis ===
+
−
 
+
 
{|border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" width="100%"
 
{|border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" width="100%"
−
|align = "justify" bgcolor = "#C0C0C0"|'''S.no'''
+
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#C0C0C0"|'''Assignees'''
−
|align = "justify" bgcolor = "#C0C0C0"|'''Patent/Publication No.'''
+
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#C0C0C0"|'''Rubber'''
−
|align = "justify" bgcolor = "#C0C0C0"|'''Assignee / Applicant'''
+
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#C0C0C0"|'''Silicone'''
−
|align = "justify" bgcolor = "#C0C0C0"|'''Title'''
+
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#C0C0C0"|'''Polymers'''
−
|align = "justify" bgcolor = "#C0C0C0"|'''Description of the device'''
+
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#C0C0C0"|'''Acrylic'''
−
|align = "justify" bgcolor = "#C0C0C0"|'''Use of CNT in it'''
+
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#C0C0C0"|'''Tackifying resin'''
−
|align = "justify" bgcolor = "#C0C0C0"|'''Technology Area'''
+
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#C0C0C0"|'''Plasticizer oil'''
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#C0C0C0"|'''Carboxylic acids'''
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#C0C0C0"|'''Acid Esters'''
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#C0C0C0"|'''Priority Year'''
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#C0C0C0"|'''Patent numbers'''
 
|-
 
|-
−
|align = "justify" bgcolor = "#C0C0C0"|1
+
|rowspan = "3"|3M Innovative Properties Company
−
|align = "justify"|[http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PALL&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.htm&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=7336028.PN.&OS=PN/7336028&RS=PN/7336028 US7336028B2]
+
|align = "center"|x
−
|align = "justify"|Samsung SDI Co., Ltd.
+
|align = "center"|&nbsp;
−
|align = "justify"|Electron emission device having multi-layered gate electrode structure
+
|align = "center"|x
−
|align = "justify"|A multilayered electron emission device is described with a predetermined gap between the electrodes.
+
|align = "center"|x
−
|align = "justify"|Electron emission sources can be made up of CNTs.
+
|align = "center"|x
−
|align = "justify"|Electron emission device
+
|align = "center"|x
 +
|align = "center"|&nbsp;
 +
|align = "center"|&nbsp;
 +
|2000
 +
|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?patentnumber=6630531 US6630531]</u></font>
 
|-
 
|-
−
|align = "justify" bgcolor = "#C0C0C0"|2
+
|align = "center"|x
−
|align = "justify"|US7315129B2
+
|align = "center"|&nbsp;
−
|align = "justify"|Semiconductor Energy Laboratory Co., Ltd.
+
|align = "center"|x
−
|align = "justify"|Plasma producing apparatus and doping apparatus
+
|align = "center"|x
−
|align = "justify"|A plasma chamber anad plasma appratus is described with two electrodes and sustrate and CNTs.
+
|align = "center"|x
−
|align = "justify"|CNTs are on the surface of the cathode electrode.
+
|align = "center"|&nbsp;
−
|align = "justify"|Plasma Appratus
+
|align = "center"|&nbsp;
 +
|align = "center"|&nbsp;
 +
|2000
 +
|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?patentnumber=6632872 US6632872]</u></font>
 
|-
 
|-
−
|align = "justify" bgcolor = "#C0C0C0"|3
+
|align = "center"|&nbsp;
−
|align = "justify"|[http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PALL&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.htm&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=7307432.PN.&OS=PN/7307432&RS=PN/7307432 US7307432B2]
+
|align = "center"|&nbsp;
−
|align = "justify"|Yokogawa Electric Corporation
+
|align = "center"|x
−
|align = "justify"|Electron beam generating apparatus and optical sampling apparatus using the same
+
|align = "center"|x
−
|align = "justify"|Optical sampling appratus with electrodes with deflection electrode and charge detection section.
+
|align = "center"|&nbsp;
−
|align = "justify"|Cathode is comprising of carbon nanotubes.
+
|align = "center"|&nbsp;
−
|align = "justify"|Optical sampling appratus.
+
|align = "center"|&nbsp;
 +
|align = "center"|&nbsp;
 +
|2000
 +
|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?patentnumber=6455634 US6455634]</u></font>
 
|-
 
|-
−
|align = "justify" bgcolor = "#C0C0C0"|4
+
|American Tape Company
−
|align = "justify"|[http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PALL&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.htm&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=7306503.PN.&OS=PN/7306503&RS=PN/7306503 US7306503B2]
+
|align = "center"|x
−
|align = "justify"|Canon Kabushiki Kaisha
+
|align = "center"|&nbsp;
−
|align = "justify"|Method and apparatus of fixing carbon fibers on a substrate using an aerosol deposition process
+
|align = "center"|&nbsp;
−
|align = "justify"|Appratus for manufacturing substate with carbon nanotubes in it.
+
|align = "center"|&nbsp;
−
|align = "justify"|Arc dischage method is involved for producing CNTs and hence  forming it on substrate.
+
|align = "center"|&nbsp;
−
|align = "justify"|Manufacturing and Processing of CNT<nowiki>’</nowiki>s
+
|align = "center"|x
 +
|align = "center"|&nbsp;
 +
|align = "center"|&nbsp;
 +
|1997
 +
|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?patentnumber=5798175 US5798175]</u></font>
 
|-
 
|-
−
|align = "justify" bgcolor = "#C0C0C0"|5
+
|Ashland Oil, Inc.
−
|align = "justify"|[http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PALL&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.htm&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=7259510.PN.&OS=PN/7259510&RS=PN/7259510 US7259510B1]
+
|align = "center"|x
−
|align = "justify"|Agere Systems Inc.
+
|align = "center"|&nbsp;
−
|align = "justify"|On-chip vacuum tube device and process for making device
+
|align = "center"|x
−
|align = "justify"|Microwave vacuum tube is described with electrodes and CNTs.
+
|align = "center"|x
−
|align = "justify"|Cathode is comprising of carbon nanotubes.
+
|align = "center"|&nbsp;
−
|align = "justify"|Electron emission device
+
|align = "center"|&nbsp;
 +
|align = "center"|&nbsp;
 +
|align = "center"|&nbsp;
 +
|1991
 +
|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?patentnumber=5434213 US5434213]</u></font>
 
|-
 
|-
−
|align = "justify" bgcolor = "#C0C0C0"|6
+
|rowspan = "4"|Atlantic Richfield Company
−
|align = "justify"|[http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PALL&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.htm&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=7232987.PN.&OS=PN/7232987&RS=PN/7232987 US7232987B2]
+
|align = "center"|&nbsp;
−
|align = "justify"|None
+
|align = "center"|&nbsp;
−
|align = "justify"|Instrument and method to measure available light energy for photosynthesis
+
|align = "center"|x
−
|align = "justify"|A device to calculate and filter amout of light required and available for photosynthesis of plants.
+
|align = "center"|x
−
|align = "justify"|Photovoltaic material is made up of carbon nanotubes.
+
|align = "center"|x
−
|align = "justify"|Optical Instrument
+
|align = "center"|x
 +
|align = "center"|&nbsp;
 +
|align = "center"|&nbsp;
 +
|1984
 +
|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?patentnumber=4656213 US4656213]</u></font>
 
|-
 
|-
−
|align = "justify" bgcolor = "#C0C0C0"|7
+
|align = "center"|x
−
|align = "justify"|[http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PALL&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.htm&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=7161148.PN.&OS=PN/7161148&RS=PN/7161148 US7161148B1]
+
|align = "center"|&nbsp;
−
|align = "justify"|Crystals and Technologies, Ltd.
+
|align = "center"|x
−
|align = "justify"|Tip structures, devices on their basis, and methods for their preparation
+
|align = "center"|x
−
|align = "justify"| A tip structure for an electron emissive device or a scanning probe device is described.
+
|align = "center"|x
−
|align = "justify"|At least one link of the tip structure is made up of Carbon naotubes.
+
|align = "center"|&nbsp;
−
|align = "justify"|Electron emission device
+
|align = "center"|&nbsp;
 +
|align = "center"|&nbsp;
 +
|1996
 +
|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?patentnumber=5817426 US5817426]</u></font>
 
|-
 
|-
−
|align = "justify" bgcolor = "#C0C0C0"|8
+
|&nbsp;
−
|align = "justify"|[http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PALL&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.htm&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=7175494.PN.&OS=PN/7175494&RS=PN/7175494 US7175494B1]
+
|align = "center"|&nbsp;
−
|align = "justify"|cDream Corporation
+
|align = "center"|x
−
|align = "justify"|Forming carbon nanotubes at lower temperatures suitable for an electron-emitting device
+
|align = "center"|x
−
|align = "justify"|An electron emission device is described comprising of carbon nanotubes.
+
|align = "center"|x
−
|align = "justify"|Carbon nanotubes are manufactured at 300° C. to 500° C which makes them compatible with the thermal stress of the underlying substrate.
+
|align = "center"|&nbsp;
−
|align = "justify"|Electron emission device
+
|align = "center"|&nbsp;
−
|-
+
|align = "center"|&nbsp;
−
|align = "justify" bgcolor = "#C0C0C0"|9
+
|1996
−
|align = "justify"|[http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PALL&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.htm&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=7161286.PN.&OS=PN/7161286&RS=PN/7161286 US7161286B2]
+
|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?patentnumber=5817426 US5817426]</u></font>
−
|align = "justify"|Tsinghua University <nowiki>|</nowiki> Hon Hai Precision Ind. Co., Ltd.
+
−
|align = "justify"|Carbon nanotube array and method for making same
+
−
|align = "justify"|A carbon nanotube-based device is described which includes a substrate and number of catalytic nano-sized particles.
+
−
|align = "justify"|Carbon nanotubes are manufactured on the substrate.
+
−
|align = "justify"|Manufacturing and Processing of CNT<nowiki>’</nowiki>s
+
 
|-
 
|-
−
|align = "justify" bgcolor = "#C0C0C0"|10
 
−
|align = "justify"|[http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PALL&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.htm&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=7145528.PN.&OS=PN/7145528&RS=PN/7145528 US7145528B2]
 
−
|align = "justify"|Canon Kabushiki Kaisha
 
−
|align = "justify"|Display device and driving and controlling method therefor
 
−
|align = "justify"|A display device with display panel is described and use of electron emitters.
 
−
|align = "justify"|Cathode is comprising of carbon nanotubes.
 
−
|align = "justify"|Electron emission device
 
−
|-
 
−
|align = "justify" bgcolor = "#C0C0C0"|11
 
−
|align = "justify"|[http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PALL&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.htm&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=7115863.PN.&OS=PN/7115863&RS=PN/7115863 US7115863B1]
 
−
|align = "justify"|Hitachi, Ltd.
 
−
|align = "justify"|Probe for scanning probe lithography and making method thereof
 
−
|align = "justify"|A probe of scanning probe lithography is described
 
−
|align = "justify"|Shaft of the probe is made up of Carbon nanaotubes.
 
−
|align = "justify"|Manufacturing and Processing of CNT<nowiki>’</nowiki>s
 
−
|-
 
−
|}
 
−
 
−
 
−
[[Media:Analysis_electrical.xls|Sample Analysis on use of Carbon nanotubes in discharge tubes and discharge lamps]]
 
−
 
−
 
−
[[Image:Analysis1.jpg|600px|center|thumb|Sample Analysis for discharge tubes and discharge lamps patents(30 patents)]]
 
  
−
== Key Players ==
+
|align = "center"|x
−
=== Universities ===
+
|align = "center"|&nbsp;
−
* Universities play an important role in research and that's why it needs to be analyzed.
+
|align = "center"|&nbsp;
−
* Only 245 patents are filled by the universities research division.
+
|align = "center"|x
−
* But companies are dependent on them for research activities.
+
|align = "center"|&nbsp;
−
* The analysis will give the insight of most involved university in terms of research on Carbon nanotubes.
+
|align = "center"|&nbsp;
−
 
+
|align = "center"|&nbsp;
−
[[Image:report2.jpg|700 px|center|Top Universities|thumb|Number of patents by universities in Carbon nanotubes area]]
+
|align = "center"|&nbsp;
−
 
+
|1997
−
=== Companies ===
+
|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?patentnumber=6461707 US6461707]</u></font>
−
 
+
−
* Large number of companies are now moving into this area.
+
−
* Number of startups are coming into the picture.
+
−
 
+
−
{|border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" width="100%"
+
−
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#C0C0C0"|Top Companies
+
−
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#C0C0C0"|Number of patents filled
+
 
|-
 
|-
−
|align = "center"|[http://www.foxconn.com/ Hon Hai Prec Ind Co]
+
|Coloplast
−
|align = "center"|118
+
|align = "center"|x
 +
|align = "center"|&nbsp;
 +
|align = "center"|x
 +
|align = "center"|&nbsp;
 +
|align = "center"|x
 +
|align = "center"|&nbsp;
 +
|align = "center"|&nbsp;
 +
|align = "center"|&nbsp;
 +
|1980
 +
|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?patentnumber=6437038 US6437038]</u></font>
 
|-
 
|-
−
|align = "center"|[http://www.samsung.com Samsung Electronics]
+
|rowspan = "5"|Dow Corning Corporation
−
|align = "center"|77
+
|align = "center"|&nbsp;
 +
|align = "center"|x
 +
|align = "center"|x
 +
|align = "center"|&nbsp;
 +
|align = "center"|&nbsp;
 +
|align = "center"|x
 +
|align = "center"|&nbsp;
 +
|align = "center"|&nbsp;
 +
|1970
 +
|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?patentnumber=5916981 US5916981]</u></font>
 
|-
 
|-
−
|align = "center"|[http://www.samsungsdi.com/contents/kr/main.jsp Samsung SDI Co. Ltd.]
+
|&nbsp;
−
|align = "center"|71
+
|align = "center"|x
−
|-
+
|align = "center"|x
−
|align = "center"|[http://www.sony.com Sony Corp.]
+
|align = "center"|&nbsp;
−
|align = "center"|70
+
|align = "center"|&nbsp;
−
|-
+
|align = "center"|&nbsp;
−
|align = "center"|[http://www.toray.com/ Toray Industry]
+
|align = "center"|&nbsp;
−
|align = "center"|69
+
|align = "center"|&nbsp;
 +
|1990
 +
|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?patentnumber=6337086 US6337086]</u></font>
 
|-
 
|-
−
|align = "center"|[http://www.fujitsu.com/global/ Fujitsu Ltd.]
 
−
|align = "center"|68
 
−
|-
 
−
|align = "center"|[http://www.nec.com/ Nippon Electric Co.]
 
−
|align = "center"|64
 
−
|-
 
−
|align = "center"|[http://www.itri.org.tw/eng/research/nano/index.jsp Ind Tech Res Inst]
 
−
|align = "center"|62
 
−
|-
 
−
|align = "center"|[http://www.imm.ac.cn/en/index.html Nat Inst for Materia]
 
−
|align = "center"|59
 
−
|-
 
−
|align = "center"|Others
 
−
|align = "center"|58
 
−
|-
 
−
|}
 
−
 
−
 
−
 
−
== Market Research ==
 
−
=== Nanotechnology market ===
 
−
* Nanotechnology is a growing market.
 
−
* Lux Research (a market research company in nanotechnology) believes that market will reach from $13 billion in 2005 to $292 billion in 2010.
 
−
* In 2015 market for nano materials will reach to $340 billion and electronics market will reach to $300 billion.
 
−
* US nanotech funding has increased from $270 million to $850 million.
 
−
 
−
[[Image:lux1.jpg|400 px|center|thumb|Predictions of market by Lux research]]
 
−
 
−
 
−
[[Image:lux3.jpg|400 px|center|thumb|US funding]]
 
−
 
−
 
−
[[Image:lux2.jpg|400 px|center|thumb|Market by different categories]]
 
−
 
−
=== Carbon Nanotubes market ===
 
−
 
−
 
−
* Market size will increase from $6 million in 2004 to $1,070 million in 2014.
 
−
 
−
 
−
[[Image:marketresearch.jpg|300 px|center|thumb|Carbon nanotubes market estimate]]
 
−
 
−
== Published Papers ==
 
−
* Academic papers published on carbon nanotubes have been on the rise and patent filings have been keeping up with this upswing, says a review in the journal Science.
 
−
* According to the review, around 1,500 scientific papers were published in 2001 compared to about 1,100 in 2000 and around 700 in 1999.
 
−
 
−
[http://news.thomasnet.com/IMT/archives/2002/09/materials_nanot.html?t=archive Source]
 
−
 
−
 
−
 
−
== SWOT analysis on nanotechnology ==
 
−
{|border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" width="100%"
 
−
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#D99795"|'''Strength'''
 
−
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#D99795"|'''Weakness'''
 
  
 +
|&nbsp;
 +
|align = "center"|x
 +
|align = "center"|&nbsp;
 +
|align = "center"|&nbsp;
 +
|align = "center"|&nbsp;
 +
|align = "center"|&nbsp;
 +
|align = "center"|&nbsp;
 +
|align = "center"|&nbsp;
 +
|1990
 +
|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?patentnumber=6121368 US6121368]</u></font>
 
|-
 
|-
−
|align = "center"|In nanomaterials research and development
 
−
|align = "center"|Critical issues(ecological meltdown,poverty and disease)
 
  
 +
|align = "center"|&nbsp;
 +
|align = "center"|x
 +
|align = "center"|x
 +
|align = "center"|&nbsp;
 +
|align = "center"|&nbsp;
 +
|align = "center"|&nbsp;
 +
|align = "center"|&nbsp;
 +
|align = "center"|&nbsp;
 +
|1994
 +
|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?patentnumber=5561203 US5561203]</u></font>
 
|-
 
|-
−
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBEEF3"|In biomimetics research
 
−
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBEEF3"|Lack of planet friendly scorecard for research
 
  
 +
|align = "center"|&nbsp;
 +
|align = "center"|x
 +
|align = "center"|x
 +
|align = "center"|&nbsp;
 +
|align = "center"|&nbsp;
 +
|align = "center"|&nbsp;
 +
|align = "center"|&nbsp;
 +
|align = "center"|&nbsp;
 +
|1996
 +
|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?patentnumber=5861472 US5861472]</u></font>
 
|-
 
|-
−
|align = "center"|In nanoelectronics and IT research including quantum computing
+
|Exxon Chemical Patents Inc.
−
|align = "center"|No clear technology transfer routes to the less developed world.
+
|align = "center"|&nbsp;
−
 
+
|align = "center"|&nbsp;
 +
|align = "center"|x
 +
|align = "center"|&nbsp;
 +
|align = "center"|x
 +
|align = "center"|&nbsp;
 +
|align = "center"|&nbsp;
 +
|align = "center"|&nbsp;
 +
|1993
 +
|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?patentnumber=5714254 US5714254]</u></font>
 
|-
 
|-
−
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBEEF3"|In nanophotovoltaic research
+
|Fujikura Ltd.
−
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBEEF3"|Fragmented research infrastructure
+
|align = "center"|&nbsp;
−
 
+
|align = "center"|&nbsp;
 +
|align = "center"|&nbsp;
 +
|align = "center"|&nbsp;
 +
|align = "center"|&nbsp;
 +
|align = "center"|&nbsp;
 +
|align = "center"|&nbsp;
 +
|align = "center"|&nbsp;
 +
|2000
 +
|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?patentnumber=6388556 US6388556]</u></font>
 
|-
 
|-
−
|align = "center"|In nanosensors research and development
+
|General Electric Company
−
|align = "center"|Nationally variable industry pull through
+
|align = "center"|&nbsp;
−
 
+
|align = "center"|x
 +
|align = "center"|x
 +
|align = "center"|&nbsp;
 +
|align = "center"|&nbsp;
 +
|align = "center"|&nbsp;
 +
|align = "center"|&nbsp;
 +
|align = "center"|&nbsp;
 +
|2000
 +
|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?patentnumber=6387487 US6387487]</u></font>
 
|-
 
|-
−
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBEEF3"|In strong industrial base in instrumentation
+
|H Fuller Licensing & Financing, Inc.
−
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBEEF3"|Variable incentives/cultures for supporting start-ups
+
|align = "center"|x
−
 
+
|align = "center"|&nbsp;
 +
|align = "center"|x
 +
|align = "center"|x
 +
|align = "center"|x
 +
|align = "center"|x
 +
|align = "center"|&nbsp;
 +
|align = "center"|&nbsp;
 +
|1996
 +
|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?patentnumber=5741840 US5741840]</u></font>
 
|-
 
|-
−
|align = "center"|In nanomedicine
+
|H. B. Fuller Licensing & Financing, Inc.
−
|align = "center"|Funding slow and bureaucratic
+
|align = "center"|x
−
 
+
|align = "center"|&nbsp;
 +
|align = "center"|x
 +
|align = "center"|&nbsp;
 +
|align = "center"|x
 +
|align = "center"|&nbsp;
 +
|align = "center"|&nbsp;
 +
|align = "center"|&nbsp;
 +
|1997
 +
|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?patentnumber=5869562 US5869562]</u></font>
 
|-
 
|-
−
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBEEF3"|In cultural differences resulting in imaginative approaches to results
+
|Johnson & Johnson Products Inc.
−
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBEEF3"|No wide support for individual genius
+
|align = "center"|x
−
 
+
|align = "center"|&nbsp;
 +
|align = "center"|x
 +
|align = "center"|&nbsp;
 +
|align = "center"|x
 +
|align = "center"|x
 +
|align = "center"|&nbsp;
 +
|align = "center"|&nbsp;
 +
|1981
 +
|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?patentnumber=4335026 US4335026]</u></font>
 
|-
 
|-
−
|align = "center"|In the ability to work in teams
+
|rowspan = "2"|Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing Company
−
|align = "center"|Academic research often lags industry
+
|align = "center"|&nbsp;
−
 
+
|align = "center"|&nbsp;
 +
|align = "center"|&nbsp;
 +
|align = "center"|x
 +
|align = "center"|&nbsp;
 +
|align = "center"|&nbsp;
 +
|align = "center"|x
 +
|align = "center"|x
 +
|1993
 +
|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?patentnumber=5602221 US5602221]</u></font>
 
|-
 
|-
−
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBEEF3"|Acceleration of new company formation underway
+
|align = "center"|&nbsp;
−
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBEEF3"|Funding may be duplicated
+
|align = "center"|&nbsp;
−
 
+
|align = "center"|x
 +
|align = "center"|x
 +
|align = "center"|&nbsp;
 +
|align = "center"|&nbsp;
 +
|align = "center"|&nbsp;
 +
|align = "center"|x
 +
|1993
 +
|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?patentnumber=5612136 US5612136]</u></font>
 
|-
 
|-
−
|align = "center"|Openness in developing and adopting environmentally friendly techniques
+
|Nichiban Company Limited
−
|align = "center"|Lack of fiscal incentives for environmentally friendly techniques;also lack of legal incentives
+
|align = "center"|x
−
 
+
|align = "center"|&nbsp;
 +
|align = "center"|&nbsp;
 +
|align = "center"|&nbsp;
 +
|align = "center"|&nbsp;
 +
|align = "center"|&nbsp;
 +
|align = "center"|&nbsp;
 +
|align = "center"|&nbsp;
 +
|1997
 +
|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?patentnumber=6274235 US6274235]</u></font>
 
|-
 
|-
−
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBEEF3"|Openness to developing technologies for the less developed regions
+
|None
−
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBEEF3"|Critically slow emergence of technology from the research base
+
|align = "center"|x
−
 
+
|align = "center"|&nbsp;
 +
|align = "center"|&nbsp;
 +
|align = "center"|x
 +
|align = "center"|x
 +
|align = "center"|&nbsp;
 +
|align = "center"|&nbsp;
 +
|align = "center"|x
 +
|1996
 +
|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://appft1.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=%2220030136510%22.PGNR.&OS=DN/20030136510&RS=DN/20030136510 US20030136510]</u></font>
 
|-
 
|-
 +
|PPG Industries, Inc.
 +
|align = "center"|x
 
|align = "center"|&nbsp;
 
|align = "center"|&nbsp;
−
|align = "center"|Lack of skilled staff
+
|align = "center"|x
−
 
+
|align = "center"|x
 +
|align = "center"|&nbsp;
 +
|align = "center"|&nbsp;
 +
|align = "center"|x
 +
|align = "center"|&nbsp;
 +
|1996
 +
|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?patentnumber=5776548 US5776548]</u></font>
 
|-
 
|-
−
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#D99795"|'''Opportunities'''
+
|Ralf Korpman Associates, Inc.
−
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#D99795"|'''Threats'''
+
|align = "center"|x
−
 
+
|align = "center"|&nbsp;
 +
|align = "center"|&nbsp;
 +
|align = "center"|&nbsp;
 +
|align = "center"|&nbsp;
 +
|align = "center"|&nbsp;
 +
|align = "center"|&nbsp;
 +
|align = "center"|&nbsp;
 +
|1992
 +
|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?patentnumber=5760135 US5760135]</u></font>
 
|-
 
|-
−
|align = "center"|The exploitation of planet and people friendly research
 
−
|align = "center"|Brain drain in life sciences,electronics,software and engineering
 
−
 
−
|-
 
−
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBEEF3"|Development of widely available technologies(sensors,renewable energy,medicine etc.)
 
−
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBEEF3"|Public backlash to nanotechnology
 
−
 
−
|-
 
−
|align = "center"|Creation of new technologies(medical and non-medical)
 
−
|align = "center"|Too little,too late, of the technologies that matter
 
−
 
−
|-
 
−
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBEEF3"|Reduction animal experimentation through cell-base toxicity testing
 
−
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBEEF3"|&nbsp;
 
−
 
−
|-
 
−
|align = "center"|Critical niche opportunities in areas such as lab-on-a-chip and sensor technology
 
−
|align = "center"|&nbsp;
 
−
 
 
|}
 
|}
  
−
== Conferences ==
+
===Technology Tree===
  
−
* Major Conferences
+
As it is evident from the the technology tree below, although the IP activity in the area of Pressure sensitive adhesive was initiated during 1970s, companies are continuously trying new combinations of different components.
 +
[[image:Technology tree.jpg|center|500 px]]
  
 +
==Key findings==
 +
* In the medical field, pressure-sensitive adhesive tapes are used for many different applications in the hospital and health areas and also they can be used to adhere two surfaces together such as the flaps of packing material or fabric to a surface
 +
* In many commercial applications of pressure-sensitive adhesives, it would be preferred to use an acrylate polymer or copolymer having an intrinsic viscosity of at least about 2.5 dl/g
 +
* Ideally, a process for producing an acrylate-based polymer for a pressure-sensitive adhesive provides a means for controlling both molecular weight, i.e., intrinsic viscosity, and molecular weight distribution.
 +
* Pressure-sensitive adhesives require a delicate balance of viscous and elastic properties that result in a four-fold balance of adhesion, cohesion, stretchiness and elasticity. Pressure-sensitive adhesives generally comprise elastomers that are either inherently tacky, or elastomers or thermoplastic elastomers that are tackified with the addition of tackifying resins.
  
−
{|border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" width="100%"
+
==Analysis Sheet==
−
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#C0C0C0"|'''S.no.'''
+
[[Media:Sample analysis sheet.xls|Sample Analysis Sheet]]
−
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#C0C0C0"|'''Conference'''
+
−
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#C0C0C0"|'''Location'''
+
−
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#C0C0C0"|'''Date'''
+
−
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#C0C0C0"|'''Email'''
+
−
|-
+
−
|align = "right" bgcolor = "#C0C0C0"|1
+
−
|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://www.nsti.org/Nanotech2008/ Nanotech 2008 - 11th Annual NSTI Nanotechnology Conference and Trade Show]</u></font>
+
−
|Boston,USA
+
−
|1-5June, 2008
+
−
|bfr@nsti.org
+
−
|-
+
−
|align = "right" bgcolor = "#C0C0C0"|2
+
−
|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://www.nanoeurope.com/ NanoEurope 2008]</u></font>
+
−
|St.Gallen, Switzerland
+
−
|16-17 Sep, 2008
+
−
|joerg.guettinger@ncb.ch
+
−
|-
+
−
|align = "right" bgcolor = "#C0C0C0"|3
+
−
|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://www.nanotech.net/node/2 Nanotech Northern Europe 2008]</u></font>
+
−
|Copenhagen,Denmark
+
−
|23-25 Sep, 2008
+
−
|katriina.forsstrom@spinverse.com
+
−
|-
+
−
|}
+
−
 
+
−
* Complete list of Nanotechnology Conferences
+
−
http://www.allconferences.com/Science/Nanotechnology/
+

Revision as of 23:31, 4 April 2008

Dashboard

Dolcera dahsboard provides quick and easy navigation through the technology segments. Below is the snapshot of how it look like. Click on the link Dolcera Dashboard for Pressure Sensitive Adhesives.

Dolcera Dashboard

Dashboard.jpg

Overview

Pressure sensitive adhesive (PSA, self adhesive, self stick adhesive) is adhesive that forms a bond when pressure is applied to marry the adhesive with the adherend. No solvent, water, or heat is needed to activate the adhesive. It is used in pressure sensitive tapes, labels, note pads, automobile trim, and a wide variety of other products.

As the name "pressure sensitive" indicates, the degree of bond is influenced by the amount of pressure which is used to apply the adhesive to the surface.

Surface factors such as smoothness, surface energy, removal of contaminants, etc. are also important to proper bonding.

PSAs are usually designed to form a bond and hold properly at room temperatures. PSAs typically reduce or lose their tack at cold temperatures and reduce their shear holding ability at high temperatures: Specialty adhesives are made to function at high or low temperatures. It is important to choose an adhesive formulation which is designed for its intended use conditions.

Surface Energy

Measuring of Surface Energy
  1. Surface energy is a measure of how well an adhesive wets out over the surface of the material to which it is applied.
  2. The most common method of determining the surface energy is to measure the contact angle of a water droplet on the substrate surface.
  3. The contact angle between the solid and the fluid is the angle measured within the fluid, between the solid surface and the tangent plane to the liquid surface at the point of intersection.
  4. A contact angle of greater than 90° indicates that the fluid (which is ink or adhesive in this case) has not wet the surface. Conversely an angle of less than 90° means that the fluid has wet the surface - if the angle approaches zero then the surface is completely wetted by the fluid.
  5. The surface energy or the wetability of a particular substrate is measured in dynes/cm. Source

Low Surface Energy Substrates

  1. Low energy plastics, such as polypropylene (PP), polyethylene (PE) and Teflon (PTFE) are essentially "non- stick" plastics.
  2. Their molecular structure inhibits the adhesion and printing processes - this molecular structure is basically inert or inactive – these polymers are said to have a low surface energy.
  3. Materials with low surface energy (LSE) do not allow adhesives to wet out, while materials with high surface energy (HSE) provide excellent wet-out, providing the best adhesion.
  4. Rubber-based adhesives usually provide better adhesion to LSE surfaces.
  5. Some substrates require special treatment such as corona treating, primers, top coating, etc., in order to achieve better adhesion.
  6. On some LSE substrates, adhesion levels improve the longer adhesive is applied. Source

Adhesion

Adhesion
  1. Adhesion is the molecular force of attraction between unlike materials.
  2. Adhesion and cohesion, attractive forces between material bodies. A distinction is usually made between an adhesive force, which acts to hold two separate bodies together (or to stick one body to another) and a cohesive force, which acts to hold together the like or unlike atoms, ions, or molecules of a single body.
  3. For example water molecules stick to each other. This is caused by hydrogen bonds that form between the slightly positive and negative ends of neighboring molecules.
  4. Water is found in drops; perfect spheres. It’s hard to imagine water behaving any other way due to cohesion and water molecules stick to other surfaces due to adhesion.Source

Pressure Sensitive Adhesive(PSA)

  1. Pressure sensitive adhesives are adhesives that adhere to a variety of substrates when applied with pressure.
  2. The primary mode of bonding for a pressure sensitive adhesive is not chemical or mechanical but polar attraction to the substrate surface.
  3. Applied pressure is necessary in order to achieve sufficient wet-out onto the substrate surface to provide adequate adhesion. Source


Sealeant in adhesive.jpg

Market Information

  • According to a report from the Business Communications Company, the 2001 US market for specialty adhesives was about $5.7 billion, and is forecast to grow at 4.3% per year, with medical and dental applications being the fastest-growing sector at 5.9% per year. Source
  • Frost and Sullivan report the size of the European PSA market (medical and non-medical) to be $620 million in 2000, forecast to grow to $796 million in 2007. Source
  • The world value of the overall adhesives market is estimated at US $22 billion.
  • Total Market Expected to Grow at a CAGR of 9 Percent: The U.S. PSA markets for labels and narrow-web graphics is expected to growth with a CAGR of 9 percent during the years 2006–2012. The total U.S. PSA markets for labels and narrow-web graphics unit shipments are expected to continue to growth at a CAGR of 6.6 percent due to high end-user growth. The UV technology is a new technology that have started to receive wide acceptance in the industry and that segment of the industry is a fragmented and developing segment with growth rates in double digits. While the solvent-based PSAs are expected to show decreasing growth percents, the water-based and solvent-based segments are expected to growth in the lines of the total industry. Source
  • According to World Adhesives File 2000-2005, the leading handful of adhesives suppliers, including pressure sensitive companies, already controlled almost half the global market in 1999. Henkel leads the way with an estimated 12% global market share, which will probably increase to around 14% with the purchase of Dexter’s adhesives interests. Pressure sensitive suppliers 3M and Avery Dennison are ranked second and third, with 9% and 7% shares respectively, followed jointly by National Starch and H.B. Fuller — both at 6%. The newly enlarged Atofina and Rohm and Haas follow closely behind.” Source
  • Growth of the world market averages about 2-3% per year.
  • Packaging adhesives make up the majority of the market.
  • The electronic and medical adhesives market is currently experiencing the most rapid growth.
  • Market leaders by country are as follows:
    • United States - approximately 2.6 tonnes annually
    • China
    • Japan
    • Germany
    • UK
      Players logo.jpg
  • Market leaders by company(which account for one-third of the market share) are:
    • Henkel
    • 3M
    • Avery Denison
    • HB Fuller
    • National Starch
    • Atofina

Intellectual Property

Patent Search Table

  • Patent search on Micropat
  • Databases searched: USG USA EPA EPB WO JP DEG DEA DET DEU GBA FRA
Query.No. Searched Sections Years Searched Query Hits
1 Claims, Title or Abstract 1836 – Date (rubber OR acryl* OR silicone OR oil*1 OR resin*1 OR ethylen* OR isoprene OR terpene OR copolymer* OR vinyl* OR siloxane* ((acid OR anhydride) ADJ1 (acrylic OR crotonic OR (vinyl ADJ1 acetic) OR fumaric OR maleic OR malonic OR succinic OR itaconic OR citraconic)) OR polymer* OR styrene OR ester*) SAME (((pressure ADJ1 sensitive) NEAR2 (adhesive* OR glue OR paste OR (binding ADJ1 agent) OR (epoxy ADJ1 resin*) OR film) OR PSA OR PSAs) OR (adhesion* WITH (peel OR tensile OR shear) OR stick*) OR (radical* ADJ1 (initiator* OR maker*))) 76006
2 Claims, Title or Abstract 1836 – Date (((low ADJ surface ADJ energy) WITH (substrate*1 OR polymer OR compound* OR material OR film)) OR (surface ADJ1 tension) OR (surface ADJ1 rough*) OR viscosity OR (oily ADJ surface) OR (low ADJ1 energy ADJ1 surface*)) AND (polyolefin*1 OR polyethylene*1 OR polypropylene*1 OR (polyvinyl ADJ1 chloride ADJ1 film) OR (oil ADJ1 contaminated ADJ1 metal) OR polybutene OR polyisoprene*1 OR (polyvinylidene ADJ1 fluoride*) OR polytetrafluoroethylene*1 OR polyester*1 OR polyamide*1 OR polyacetal*1 OR polystyrene*1 OR polyurethane* OR polyurea OR silan* OR polycarbonate*) 75602
3 Claims, Title or Abstract 1836 – Date 1 AND 2 2272
  • Total number of patents - 2272
  • Total number of unique patent families - 1483

Taxonomy for analysis

Taxonomy map - Adhesion

Taxonomy for PSA composition

Taxonomy map - Adhesion

IP Activity

Competitors

Major Competitors

Competitors

Composition components matrix

Assignees Rubber Silicone Polymers Acrylic Tackifying resin Plasticizer oil Carboxylic acids Acid Esters Priority Year Patent numbers
3M Innovative Properties Company x   x x x x     2000 US6630531
x   x x x       2000 US6632872
    x x         2000 US6455634
American Tape Company x         x     1997 US5798175
Ashland Oil, Inc. x   x x         1991 US5434213
Atlantic Richfield Company     x x x x     1984 US4656213
x   x x x       1996 US5817426
    x x x       1996 US5817426
x     x         1997 US6461707
Coloplast x   x   x       1980 US6437038
Dow Corning Corporation   x x     x     1970 US5916981
  x x           1990 US6337086
  x             1990 US6121368
  x x           1994 US5561203
  x x           1996 US5861472
Exxon Chemical Patents Inc.     x   x       1993 US5714254
Fujikura Ltd.                 2000 US6388556
General Electric Company   x x           2000 US6387487
H Fuller Licensing & Financing, Inc. x   x x x x     1996 US5741840
H. B. Fuller Licensing & Financing, Inc. x   x   x       1997 US5869562
Johnson & Johnson Products Inc. x   x   x x     1981 US4335026
Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing Company       x     x x 1993 US5602221
    x x       x 1993 US5612136
Nichiban Company Limited x               1997 US6274235
None x     x x     x 1996 US20030136510
PPG Industries, Inc. x   x x     x   1996 US5776548
Ralf Korpman Associates, Inc. x               1992 US5760135

Technology Tree

As it is evident from the the technology tree below, although the IP activity in the area of Pressure sensitive adhesive was initiated during 1970s, companies are continuously trying new combinations of different components.

Technology tree.jpg

Key findings

  • In the medical field, pressure-sensitive adhesive tapes are used for many different applications in the hospital and health areas and also they can be used to adhere two surfaces together such as the flaps of packing material or fabric to a surface
  • In many commercial applications of pressure-sensitive adhesives, it would be preferred to use an acrylate polymer or copolymer having an intrinsic viscosity of at least about 2.5 dl/g
  • Ideally, a process for producing an acrylate-based polymer for a pressure-sensitive adhesive provides a means for controlling both molecular weight, i.e., intrinsic viscosity, and molecular weight distribution.
  • Pressure-sensitive adhesives require a delicate balance of viscous and elastic properties that result in a four-fold balance of adhesion, cohesion, stretchiness and elasticity. Pressure-sensitive adhesives generally comprise elastomers that are either inherently tacky, or elastomers or thermoplastic elastomers that are tackified with the addition of tackifying resins.

Analysis Sheet

Sample Analysis Sheet

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