== Rationale ==
[[image:globalwarming.jpg|thumb|right|220px|Global warming emissions by sector]]
* Automobiles are a source of considerable pollution at the global level, including a significant fraction of the total greenhouse gas emissions. * On July 22, 2002 California Governor Gray Davis signed into law AB 1493 (commonly known as the "Pavley law") — precedent-setting legislation to reduce global warming pollution from motor vehicles.* This bill directs the California Air Resources Board (CARB) to develop and adopt regulations that achieve the maximum feasible and cost-effective reduction of greenhouse gas emissions (GHG) from passenger cars and light trucks sold in California.==''Patent Landscape Report''==
{|class="wikitable" |-! scope= New Developments "col" bgcolor ="#EEECE1"|'''CP'''! scope="col" bgcolor = "#EEECE1"|'''Life Science'''The new millennium is bringing a millennial change to the family car! scope="col" bgcolor = "#EEECE1"|'''Food and Beverages'''! scope="col" bgcolor = "#EEECE1"|'''Auto'''! scope="col" bgcolor = "#EEECE1"|'''Technical'''! scope="col" bgcolor = "#EEECE1"|'''Energy'''|-|style="padding-left: 0. A few years back, the key concerns were7em;"|<font color="#0000FF"> [[Alopecia - Hair Loss]] <br> [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jAIoyKuKQ6o Video]* Pollution, * Nagging worries about global warming, |style="padding-left: 0.7em;"|<font color="#0000FF">[[Inflammation andcardiovascular drugs]] <br> [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FVUFcz2dpIM Video]* Oil shortages|style="padding-left: 0.7em;"|<font color="#0000FF">[[Choline Bitartarate]]These concerns led to the development of |style="padding-left: 0.7em;"|<font color="#0000FF">[[Hybrid Electric Vehicle Battery System]]|style="padding-left: 0.7em;"|<font color="#0000FF">[[OLED - Organic Light Emitting Diode]]|style="padding-left: 0.7em;"|<font color="#0000FF">[[Wind Energy]]|-|style="padding-left: 0.7em;"|<font color="#0000FF">[[Non-wovens]]|style="padding-left: 0.7em;"|<font color="#0000FF">[[RNAi Database sample wiki]] <br>[http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nsZLUSPn3cg Video]|style="padding-left: 0.7em;"|<font color="#0000FF"> [[Pinene: An off flavor in mango juice]]<br>[http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=P4fI1rjPjSg Video]|style="padding-left: 0.7em;"|<font color="#0000FF">[[Hybrid Electric Vehicles]]| |style="padding-left: 0.7em;"|<font color="#0000FF">[[Carbon Nanotubes (EV’sCNT) powered by batteries]]<br>[http://www. But current battery technology does not provide EV's with a range that is acceptable to consumersyoutube. com/watch?v=HvZqBy8XvIE Video]| |-|style="padding-left: 0.7em;"|<font color="#0000FF">[[Pressure sensitive adhesives]] <br>[http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=plP3TzjYsiQ Video]|style="padding-left: 0.7em;"|<font color="#0000FF">[[Ureteral Stent]]| | | | |-|style="padding-left: 3.7em;"|<font color="#0000FF">[[Bio-PET]]|style="padding-left: 0.7em;"|<font color="#0000FF"> [[Smart Drug Delivery Systems]] <br>[http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vARe9eBFsq4 Video]| | | | |-|style="padding-left: 0.7em;"|<font color="#0000FF">[[Pressure sensitive adhesives in packaging]]|style="padding-left: 0.7em;"|<font color="#0000FF">[[Silicone Hydrogel contact lens]]| | | | |-|style="padding-left: 0.7em;"|<font color="#0000FF">[[Golf Club Head Landscape]]|style="padding-left: 0.7em;"|<font color="#0000FF">[[Interferon For Treatment of Melanoma]]| | | | |-| |style="padding-left: 0.7em;"|<font color="#0000FF">[[Antibody against TNF]]| | | | |-| |style="padding-left: 0.7em;"|<font color="#0000FF">[[Template - Production Of Therapeutic Glycoproteins|Production of Therapeutic Glycoproteins]]| | | | |-|}
==''Patent Search Report'Limitations of EV’s'=={|class="wikitable"! scope="col" bgcolor = "#EEECE1"|'''PS-T''':* An average commute to work is around 40 miles! scope="col" bgcolor = "#EEECE1"|'''S-T'''|-|style="padding-left: 0. 7em;"|<font color="#0000FF"> [http://www.dolcera.com/ipmapdemo/satellite_antenna/ipmap.html Satellite Antenna IPMap]* EV's have |style="padding-left: 0.7em;"|<font color="#0000FF"> [[Invalidation Search on a range of 80patent in the semiconductors space|Invalidation Search]]|-100 miles using advanced battery technology|style="padding-left: 0.7em;"|<font color="#0000FF"> [http://www.dolcera.com/ipmapdemo/Invalidation_US4825448.htm Invalidation Claim Chart Sample]* While batteries need frequent recharging, they are not the only way to power an electric car|style="padding-left: 0.7em;"|<font color="#0000FF"> [[Invalidation Search Sample in Chinese Language | Invalidation Search Sample (Chinese)]]|-|}
== Hybrid Electric Vehicle (HEV) ''Market Research''==The {|class="wikitable"|-! scope="col" bgcolor = "#EEECE1"|'''MR-LS'''! scope="col" bgcolor = "#EEECE1"|'''MR-CP'''! scope="col" bgcolor = "#EEECE1"|'''MR-E'''! scope="col" bgcolor = "#EEECE1"|'''MR-FB'''! scope="col" bgcolor = "#EEECE1"|'''MR-T'''|-|style="padding-left: 0.7em;"|<font color="#0000FF">[[Strategic Insights:Heart Valve Replacement Market - India]]|style="padding-left: 0.7em;"|<font color="#0000FF">[[Botox - from Medical Procedure to Household Word]]|style="padding-left: 0.7em;"|<font color="#0000FF">[[A market study on Hybrid Electric Vehicle (HEV) is just vehicles and the first step in reducing the environmental impacts concept of automobile use without losing comfort, performance, storage room V2G]]|style="padding-left: 0.7em;"|<font color="#0000FF"> [[Premium Coffee Consumers Market Segmentation|Premium Coffee - Market Positioning]]|style="padding-left: 0.7em;"|<font color="#0000FF">[[4G wireless technology developments]]|-|style="padding-left: 0.7em;"|<font color="#0000FF">[[Impact on Sales of a Drug going Off-Patent]]|style="padding-left: 0.7em;"|<font color="#0000FF">[[Dolcera's Poster on Industrial Biotechnology|Industrial biotechnology]]|||style="padding-left: 0.7em;"|<font color="#0000FF">[[LTE]]|-|style="padding-left: 0.7em;"|<font color="#0000FF">[[Application of Conjoint Analysis for Total Knee Replacement Surgery Alternatives]]|style="padding-left: 0.7em;"|<font color="#0000FF">[[OTC products for acne treatment]]|||style="padding-left: 0.7em;"|<font color="#0000FF">[[Femtocells]]|-|style="padding-left: 0.7em;"|<font color="#0000FF">[[Cancer Vaccines - Clinical Trial Analysis]]|style="padding-left: 0.7em;"|<font color="#0000FF">[[Digestive Remedies Market in India and extended driving rangeChina]]|||style="padding-left: 0. 7em;"|<font color="#0000FF">[[NFC Ecosystem]]|-|style="padding-left: 0.7em;"|<font color="#0000FF">[[Veterinary Vaccines Market Report]]* [[Rx to OTC Switch-Market Analysis]]|style="padding-left: 0.7em;"|<font color="#0000FF">[[Diabetes products and services]]|||style="padding-left: 0.7em;"|<font color="#0000FF">[[Virtualization]]|-|style="padding-left: 0.7em;"|<font color="#0000FF">[[Ureteral Stent - Market Analysis]], Company Profile:[[Boston Scientific - Company Profile |Boston Scientific ]]||||style="padding-left: 0.7em;"|<font color="#0000FF">[[Cloud Computing]]
'''Advantages of HEV’s'''|-|style="padding-left:0.7em;"|<font color="#0000FF">[[Cardiac Pacemakers]]* The HEV contains parts of both gasoline and electric vehicles in an attempt to get the best of both worlds|||||-|style="padding-left: 0.7em;"|<font color="#0000FF">[[Drug Metabolism]]* It is able to operate nearly twice as efficiently as traditional internal combustion vehicles|||||-|style="padding-left: 0.7em;"|<font color="#0000FF">[[Toxicology]]* It has equivalent power, range, cost and safety of a conventional vehicle while reducing fuel costs and harmful emissions|||||-|style="padding-left: 0.7em;"|<font color="#0000FF">[[Osteoporosis]]* The battery is continuously recharged by a motor|||||-|style="padding-left: 0.7em;"|<font color="#0000FF">[[Oral Diabetes Drugs]]|||||-|style="padding-left: 0.7em;"|<font color="#0000FF">[[Ureteral Stent]]|||||-|style="padding-left: 0.7em;"|<font color="#0000FF">[[China ICU Ventilator Market]]|||||-|style="padding-left: 0.7em;"|<font color="#0000FF">[[OTC vs. Prescription Drugs]]|||||-|style="padding-left: 0.7em;"|<font color="#0000FF">[[Vaccines Market in Western Countries]], Company Profile:[http:/generator driven by the Internal Combustion Engine /dolcera.com/wiki/index.php?title=GlaxoSmithKline_profile GlaxoSmithKline]|||||-|style="padding-left: 0.7em;"|<font color="#0000FF">[[Gastrointestinal Endoscopy -Landscape Report]]|||||-|style="padding-left: 0.7em;"|<font color="#0000FF">[[Transplant Diagnostics (ICEHLA) or by regenerative brakingMarket Landscape]]|||||-|style="padding-left: 0.7em;"|<font color="#0000FF">[[Indian Pharma Industry - Distribution & Sales Force Structure]]|||||-|style="padding-left: 0.7em;"|<font color="#0000FF">[[Breast Reconstruction Market Landscape]]|||||-|style="padding-left: 0.7em;"|<font color="#0000FF">[[Lumpectomy and Mastectomy Trends]]|||||}
== Components of the HEV Battery System ''Patent Prosecution''==The battery in an HEV is the energy storage device for the electric motor. Unlike the gasoline in the fuel tank, which can only power the gasoline engine, the electric motor in a hybrid car can put energy into the battery as well as draw energy from it.
* '''Battery''': Two or more electrochemical energy cells connected together to provide electrical energy.
* '''Generator''': The generator is similar to an electric motor, but it acts only to produce electrical power.
* '''Electric motor''': Advanced electronics allow it to act as a motor as well as a generator. For example, when it needs to, it can draw energy from the batteries to accelerate the car. But acting as a generator, it can slow the car down and return energy to the batteries.
* '''SOC''': The State of Charge of a battery is its available capacity expressed as a percentage of its rated capacity.
{|class="wikitable" |-! scope= HEV battery system design parameters "col" bgcolor = "#EEECE1"|'''Office Action'''|-|style="padding-left: 0.7em;"|<font color="#0000FF"> [[Office Action Response]] <br>|}==''PCS''==
Factors affecting battery performance:
* Temperature: Battery performance is highly dependent on temperature. Each type of battery works best within a limited range of temperatures.
* Battery age/Shelf life: Corrosion is the main culprit behind decreased performance in lead acid type batteries with age.
* Depth of discharge: Batteries are able to maintain their performance longer when they are not deeply discharged regularly.
Design parameters{|class="wikitable" |-! scope="col" bgcolor = "#EEECE1"|'''PCS repots'''|-|style="padding-left:0.7em;"|<font color="#0000FF"> [[KTP LASER in skin care and cosmetics area]] <br>* How much space is available for the batteries?|-* How much can they weigh? |style="padding-left: 0.7em;"|<font color="#0000FF"> [[Bone Substitutes in Dental Practice]] <br>* What is the desired range? |-* What is the weight of the vehicle? |style="padding-left: 0.7em;"|<font color="#0000FF"> [[Smart Speakers]] <br>* What is the targeted vehicle cost? |-* How will the batteries be recharged and |style="padding-left: 0.7em;"|<font color="#0000FF"> [[Artificial Retina]] <br>* What kind of drive system requirements is needed? |}
These are necessary questions because of the variety of battery types available and the differences between them. The chart below lists the characteristics of the most common types of batteries. (Source ----{| style="border:1px solid #AAA; background:#E9E9E9" align="center"|-! style="background:lightgrey" | Contact Dolcera|-! style="background:lightgrey" | Samir Raiyani|-| '''Email''': [httpmailto://wwwinfo@dolcera.atti-com info@dolcera.org/technology/ev_tech.htmlcom])|-| '''Phone''': +1-650-269-7952, +91-40-64550832|}