Difference between pages "Golf Club Head Landscape" and "RNAi Database sample wiki"

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−	===Sumitomo Rubber Industries, Ltd.===	+	==Sample of the RNAi Database Dashboard==
−	The company traces its origins to 1909, when the Sumitomo Group made an investment in Dunlop Japan, the newly formed Japanese subsidiary of the British company Dunlop Rubber. Over the years Sumitomo and Dunlop developed a close business relationship, and in 1963 the Sumitomo Group acquired control of Dunlop Japan and renamed it Sumitomo Rubber Industries Ltd.<br>	+	[http://www.dolcera.com/auth/dashboard/dashboard.php?workfile_id=587 RNAi Database]
−	'''SRI Sports Limited''' is the subsidiary of '''Sumitomo''' that specializes in sports equipment, with the main focus being tennis and golf. '''SRI Sports''' owns '''Srixon''', Cleveland Golf, its subsidiary, Never Compromise, as well as rights to the Dunlop name in Japan, Taiwan and Korea.<br>	+
−	Srixon produce tennis balls, golf balls, golf clubs, and a full range of golfing accessories. It holds several professional golfers under endorsement deals including Jim Furyk and Henrik Stenson.<br>	+
−	Cleveland Golf also make a full range of golf equipment, and have endorsement deals with Vijay Singh and Boo Weekley among others.<br>	+
−	Following the acquisition of Cleveland Golf, SRI Sports announced their intention to consolidate its operations, with Cleveland overseeing marketing and distribution across North America, with Srixon doing the same in Europe and Australia, and Dunlop taking over in Asia.<br>	+
		+	==Overview==
		+	[[Image:rnai1.jpg|250 px|right|thumb|RNA Interference [http://www.sciencemag.org/feature/e-market/prodlink/qiasihp.jpg Source]]]
−	==Golf==	+	* '''RNA interference (RNAi)''', is a technique in which exogenous, double-stranded RNAs (dsRNAs) that are complimentary to known mRNAs, are introduced into a cell to specifically destroy that particular mRNA, thereby diminishing or abolishing gene expression.
−	'''Golf''' is a game in which a player, using many types of '''clubs''' including a '''driver''', a '''putter''', and '''irons''', hits a ball into each hole on a golf course in the lowest possible number of strokes. Golf is one of the few ball games that does not use a standardized playing area; rather, the game is played on golf "courses", each one of which has a unique design and typically consists of either 9 or 18 holes. Golf is defined in the Rules of Golf as "playing a ball with a club from the teeing ground into the hole by a stroke or successive strokes in accordance with the Rules."	+	* This technology considerably bolsters functional genomics to aid in the identification of novel genes involved in disease processes and thus can be used for medicament and for delivery as therapeutics. [http://www.bmj.com/cgi/content/full/328/7450/1245 Source]
		+	* RNA interference was known by other names, including post transcriptional gene silencing and quelling. [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RNA_interference Source]
−	*'''Clubs:'''<br>	+	===Effector RNA molecules===
−	Golf clubs are used in the sport of golf to hit a golf ball. Each club is composed of a shaft with a lance(grip) and a clubhead. Woods are used for long-distance fairway shots; irons, the most versatile class used for a variety of shots, and putters, used mainly on the green to roll the ball into the cup.<br>	+	RNAi pathways are guided by small RNAs that include
−	An important variation in different clubs is loft, or the angle between the club's face and the vertical plane. It is loft that makes a golf ball leave the tee on an ascending trajectory, not the angle of swing; virtually all swings contact the ball with a horizontal motion. The impact of the club compresses the ball, while grooves on the clubface give the ball '''backspin''' (A well-struck golf shot will result in a large amount of backspin that will carry the ball higher into the air and further. Backspin also helps with distance control, as if there is enough backspin, the ball will "check" if it lands on the putting surface, and sometimes even creep backwards (in the opposite direction that the ball was flying) upon landing.). Together, the compression and backspin create lift. The majority of woods and irons are labeled with a number; higher numbers indicate shorter shafts and higher lofts, which give the ball a higher and shorter trajectory.<br>	+
−	*'''Types of Clubs:'''	+	'''SiRNA:'''
		+	* Small interfering RNA (siRNA), sometimes known as short interfering RNA or silencing RNA, is a class of 20-25 nucleotide-long double-stranded RNA molecules.
		+	* SiRNAs can also be exogenously (artificially) introduced into cells by various transfection methods to bring about the specific knockdown of a gene of interest. [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SiRNA Source]
−	**'''DRIVERS'''	+	'''miRNA:'''
−	A driver is also called a 1-wood and is used for hitting a long, low tee shot across longer distances at long-yardage holes. They are made of forged titanium, stainless steel, or an Ti alloy and have a long shaft and wide head. Drivers vary in weights and lengths to match each lady golfer's handicap. There are three types of golf clubs:<br>	+	* microRNAs (miRNA) are single-stranded RNA molecules of about 21–23 nucleotides in length, which regulate gene expression.
−	***Forged titanium golf drivers are expensive and made up of larger titanium heads. They have an lightweight graphite shaft. For low and mid-handicap ladies.<br>	+	* miRNAs are encoded by genes from whose DNA they are transcribed but miRNAs are not translated into protein (non-coding RNA); instead each primary transcript (a pri-miRNA) is processed into a short stem-loop structure called a pre-miRNA and finally into a functional miRNA.
−	***Stainless steel golf drivers have heavier, hard and strong compact heads. For low handicap golfers.<br>	+	* Mature miRNA molecules are partially complementary to one or more messenger RNA (mRNA) molecules, and their main function is to down-regulate gene expression. [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MicroRNA Source]
−	***Alloy golf drivers are less expensive and have Ti Alloy heads and graphite shafts. For starters and mid-handicappers.<br>	+
−	**'''Woods'''	+	'''shRNA:'''
−	Woods have a large head and a long shaft for maximum club speed and long-distance shots on the fairway. Originally woods had a clubhead made of wood, but nowadays they are also known as metalwoods, due to the fact that they are made of titanium, steel, or composite alloys. Higher-number lady golf club woods are generally called as fairway woods. They have a higher loft for high ball arcs, shallower face heights, and big flattened soles for easily gliding through the grass or rough. Most women have a driver, and a 3 and 5-wood in their bag. The heads have different volumes:<br>	+	* A small hairpin RNA or short hairpin RNA (shRNA) is a sequence of RNA that makes a tight hairpin turn that can be used to silence gene expression via RNA interference.
−	***Standard, 150-155 cc<br>	+	shRNA uses a vector introduced into cells and utilizes the U6 promoter to ensure that the shRNA is always expressed. This vector is usually passed on to daughter cells, allowing the gene silencing to be inherited.
−	***Midsized, up to 195 cc<br>	+	The shRNA hairpin structure is cleaved by the cellular machinery into siRNA, which is then bound to the RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC). This complex binds to and cleaves mRNAs which match the siRNA that is bound to it. [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Small_hairpin_RNA Source]
−	***Oversized, up to 250 cc<br>	+
−	[[Image:club types.jpg|1000px|centre|thumb|Types of clubs]]	+
−	**'''Irons'''	+	'''Others:'''
−	These are meant for approach shots less than 200 yards away from the green and for difficult lies, in the rough for example. The most common iron set includes all 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, and 9-irons and a pitching wedge (see more on wedges below). The higher the number of an iron club, the shorter the shaft and the higher the loft. The 1 to 4 irons are long irons used for low and far distance shots. The 5 to 7 irons are called mid irons. And the 8-iron and up are short irons for short distance shots high in the air. There are two types of golf clubs irons heads: Cast, Cavity Back or Perimeter-Weighted irons have a large sweet spot. An forged Steel heads are more difficult because of a smaller sweet spot.<br>	+	* In addition to miRNAs and siRNAs, other innate RNAi effectors have been identified.
		+	** One class of these is the Piwi-interacting RNAs (piRNAs). piRNAs seem to be uniquely expressed in the mammalian germline, particularly in the testes. The functional role of piRNAs is currently unclear, but a role in spermatogenesis is likely.
		+	** A number of other small RNAs associated with RNAi have been identified in different species, including trans-activating siRNAs (tasiRNAs), studied in plants and nematodes, and small scan RNAs (ScnRNAs), found in Tetrahymena. [http://arjournals.annualreviews.org/doi/abs/10.1146/annurev.genom.8.080706.092424?cookieSet=1&journalCode=genom Source]
−	**'''Wedges'''	+	==Cellular Mechanism==
−	High-loft irons for striking balls high in the air at a short distance in various lies: like approach shots, chipping, pitching, recovery and bunker shots. There are four types of golf clubs wedges:<br>	+
−	***Pitching Wedge(PW) - For at least 130 yards and longer from the fairway into the green. The loft is 46 to 51 degrees.<br>	+
−	***Sand Wedge (SW) - For digging the ball out of a bunker and sand shots. The loft is 55 to 57 degrees.<br>	+
−	***Gap Wedge (GW), Approach Wedge (AW), Dual Wedge (D), Attack Wedge (AW) or Utility Wedge (UW) - With all these types of golf clubs you can make a variety of green or bunker shots. These different types of golf clubs fill in between the pitching wedge and sand and lob wedge. 50 to 58 degrees loft.<br>	+
−	***Lob Wedge (LW) - For high short-distance hits around obstacles and to the green. 60 to 64 degree lofted.<br>	+
−	**'''Putters'''	+	'''The RNA interference pathway:''' Long double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) or small hairpin RNA (shRNA) is processed by Dicer to form a small interfering RNA (siRNA), which associates with RNA-induced silencing protein complex (RISC) and mediates target sequence specificity for subsequent mRNA cleavage leading to gene silencing.
−	Used for pushing and rolling the golf ball from close distance along on the green or apron towards the cup. Every lady golfer must have this type of golf club.	+
−	**'''Utility & Hybrid Ladies Golf Clubs'''	+	[[Image:mech1.jpg|450 px|center|thumb|RNA Interference mechanism [http://arthritis-research.com/content/figures/ar1168-1.jpg Source]]]
−	Hybrid ladies golf clubs are a cross, with a clubhead that combines the features, characteristics and benefits of an iron and a wood. Many women replace their 2, 3, and 4-irons with these types of golf clubs.	+
−	*'''Parts of the Club:'''	+	==Cancer specific Targets==
−	[[Image:club parts.jpg|1000px|right|thumb|Parts of club]]	+	[[Image:genes1.jpg|700px|center|thumb|'''Cancer specific Targets [http://journals.prous.com/journals/servlet/xmlxsl/pk_journals.xml_summaryn_pr?p_JournalId=3&p_RefId=985937 '''Source]]]
−	**'''The Grip'''<br>	+
−	The grip of the golf club is important because it connects the club to the golfer's hands. According to the rules of golf, recognized by both ruling bodies, the grip has to be round, without obvious bumps, lumps or hollows.	+
−	**'''The Shaft'''<br>	+	=='''Intellectual property'''==
−	The shaft of the golf club connects the grip to the head and, like the grip, must be basically round in cross section. Most modern golf club shafts are made of either steel or a carbon-fiber and resin composite. Carbon fiber has the advantage of being lighter than steel, but clubs with carbon-fiber shafts also tend to be more expensive.	+
−	**'''The Head'''<br>	+	=== Search Strategy===
−	The head of the golf club is where all the energy of the swing is transferred to the golf ball. There is more variation in the appearance of golf club heads than there is in either shafts or grips, but all the variations fall into one of three broad categories: the heads of woods, irons and putters.	+
−	*'''Parts of Club Head:'''<br>	+	Effective search strategy ensures that all key words covering the technology are adequately covered. IPC class limitations help in removing the unwanted patents.
−	[[Image:head parts.jpg|1000px|centre|thumb|Parts of Head]]	+
−	The head of the golf club has several parts: the '''Hosel''', where the head connects to the shaft; the '''Face''', which actually strikes the ball; the '''Sole''', which is the part closest to the ground; and the '''Back''', which is on the side opposite the face.	+
−	==Golf Club Head Taxonomy==	+	The search strategy was employed to extract patents disclosing  RNAi agents against disease causing target genes. Table below summarizes an exemplary search strategy used to extract patents for BCL2, a target gene for curing cancer.
−	[[Image:Golf Club.jpg|750px|center|thumb|Golf Club Head Taxonomy]]	+
−	== Search History ==
−	=== Concept Table ===
	{|border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" width="100%"		{|border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" width="100%"
−	|align = "center" bgcolor = "#969696"|<font color="#CCFFCC">'''S.No'''</font>	+	|align = "center" bgcolor = "#CCFFCC"|'''S.No.'''
−	|align = "center" bgcolor = "#969696"|<font color="#CCFFCC">'''Concept 1'''</font>	+	|align = "center" bgcolor = "#CCFFCC"|'''Concept'''
−	|align = "center" bgcolor = "#969696"|<font color="#CCFFCC">'''Concept 2'''</font>	+	|align = "center" bgcolor = "#CCFFCC"|'''Search scope'''
−	|align = "center" bgcolor = "#969696"|<font color="#CCFFCC">'''Concept 3'''</font>	+	|align = "center" bgcolor = "#CCFFCC"|'''Query'''
−	|align = "center" bgcolor = "#969696"|<font color="#CCFFCC">'''Concept 4'''</font>	+	|align = "center" bgcolor = "#CCFFCC"|'''No. of Hits'''
−	|align = "center" bgcolor = "#969696"|<font color="#CCFFCC">'''Concept 5'''</font>	+
−	|align = "center" bgcolor = "#969696"|<font color="#CCFFCC">'''Assignee'''</font>	+
−	|align = "center" bgcolor = "#969696"|<font color="#CCFFCC">'''Control Patents'''</font>	+
−	|align = "center" bgcolor = "#969696"|<font color="#CCFFCC">'''Patent Class Code'''</font>	+
−	|align = "center" bgcolor = "#969696"|<font color="#CCFFCC">'''Defination'''</font>	+
−		+
	|-		|-
−	|align = "center" bgcolor = "#969696"|<font color="#CCFFCC">'''1'''</font>	+	|align = "center" bgcolor = "#CCFFCC"|'''1'''
−	|Golf	+	|align = "center"|RNAi
−	|Clubhead*	+	|align = "center"|Claims,Title, Abstract
−	|Driver	+	|align = "center"|(siRNA<nowiki>*</nowiki>1 OR (short ADJ1 interfering ADJ1 RNA<nowiki>*</nowiki>1) OR (short ADJ1 interfering ADJ1 nucleic ADJ1 acid<nowiki>*</nowiki>1) OR (short ADJ1 interfering ADJ1 NA<nowiki>*</nowiki>1) OR siNA OR siNAs OR (si ADJ1 RNA<nowiki>*</nowiki>1) OR (Small adj1 interfering adj1 RNA<nowiki>*</nowiki>)OR miRNA or (microRNA<nowiki>*</nowiki> or micro adj1 RNA<nowiki>*</nowiki>)OR shRNA or (small adj1 hairpin adj1 RNA<nowiki>*</nowiki>)OR piRNA or (Piwi adj1 interacting adj1 RNA<nowiki>*</nowiki>)OR tasiRNAs or (trans adj1 activating adj1 siRNA<nowiki>*</nowiki>) OR ScnRNAs or (small adj1 scan adj1 RNA<nowiki>*</nowiki>)OR RNAi or(RNA adj1 interference))
−	|Hosel	+	|align = "center"|12729
−	|Impact	+
−	|Sumitomo Rubber	+
−	|US7066833B2	+
−	|473	+
−	|Games using tangible projectile	+
−		+
	|-		|-
−	|align = "center" bgcolor = "#969696"|<font color="#CCFFCC">'''2'''</font>	+	|align = "center" bgcolor = "#CCFFCC"|'''2'''
−	|Gouf	+	|align = "center"|IPC
−	|Club Adj2 Head*	+	|align = "center"|
−	|Wood	+	|align = "center"|a61k or c12q or c12n or c07k or c07h
−	|Face	+	|align = "center"|1688146
−	|Projectil*	+
−	|Srixon	+
−	|US6932715B2	+
−	|340	+
−	|Putter	+
−		+
	|-		|-
−	|align = "center" bgcolor = "#969696"|<font color="#CCFFCC">'''3'''</font>	+	|align = "center" bgcolor = "#CCFFCC"|'''3'''
−	|&nbsp;	+	|align = "center"|'''BCL2'''
−	|Ball Adj 2 Strik*	+	|align = "center"|Full Patent Spec
−	|Iron	+	|align = "center"|(Bcl2 OR (Bcell ADJ1 CLL) OR (Bcell ADJ1 Lymphoma2 ) OR DKFZp781P2092) and Current IPC-R a61k or c12q or c12n or c07k or c07h
−	|Sole	+	|align = "center"|3890
−	|&nbsp;	+
−	|SRI Adj2 Sport*	+
−	|US6913546B2	+
−	|341	+
−	|Toe and heel weighting	+
−		+
	|-		|-
−	|align = "center" bgcolor = "#969696"|<font color="#CCFFCC">'''4'''</font>	+	|align = "center" bgcolor = "#CCFFCC" rowspan = "2"|'''4'''
−	|&nbsp;	+	|align = "center" rowspan = "2"|BCL2 <nowiki>+</nowiki> RNAi <nowiki>+</nowiki>IPC
−	|Putter Adj2 Head*	+	|align = "center" rowspan = "2"|
−	|Wedge	+	|align = "center" rowspan = "2"|'''1 AND 3'''
−	|&nbsp;	+	|align = "center" rowspan = "2"|'''633<br>(293 unique records)'''
−	|&nbsp;	+
−	|&nbsp;	+
−	|US6875130B2	+
−	|305	+
−	|Head and shaft connection	+
	|-		|-
−	|align = "center" bgcolor = "#969696"|<font color="#CCFFCC">'''5'''</font>	+	|}
−	|&nbsp;	+
−	|Head*	+
−	|Putter	+
−	|&nbsp;	+
−	|&nbsp;	+
−	|&nbsp;	+
−	|US6875126B2	+
−	|304	+
−	|One piece head and shaft:	+
−	|-	+	==Interactive Taxonomy==
−	|align = "center" bgcolor = "#969696"|<font color="#CCFFCC">'''6'''</font>	+
−	|&nbsp;	+
−	|Strik* Adj2 Surface*	+
−	|Hybrid	+
−	|&nbsp;	+
−	|&nbsp;	+
−	|&nbsp;	+
−	|US6852038B2	+
−	|292	+
−	|Head, shaft, and handle having particular combined center of gravity:	+
−	|-	+	Grouping specific elements into more general categories is conceptually easier and cleaner than is entertaining hundreds of specific elements separately. We categorize the information from analyzed patents and scientific literate into four levels of taxonomy which allow both “bird’s-eye view” and “in-depth views” of  scientific technologies.
−	|align = "center" bgcolor = "#969696"|<font color="#CCFFCC">'''7'''</font>	+
−	|&nbsp;	+
−	|Crown	+
−	|&nbsp;	+
−	|&nbsp;	+
−	|&nbsp;	+
−	|&nbsp;	+
−	|US6849003B2	+
−	|290	+
−	|Particular correlated head characteristic:	+
−	|-
−	|align = "center" bgcolor = "#969696"|<font color="#CCFFCC">'''8'''</font>
−	|&nbsp;
−	|&nbsp;
−	|&nbsp;
−	|&nbsp;
−	|&nbsp;
−	|&nbsp;
−	|US6776726B2
−	|A63B*
−	|&nbsp;
−	|-	+	[[Image:tax21.jpg|1000px|center|thumb| '''Interactive Taxonomy''']]
−	|align = "center" bgcolor = "#969696"|<font color="#CCFFCC">'''9'''</font>	+
−	|&nbsp;	+
−	|&nbsp;	+
−	|&nbsp;	+
−	|&nbsp;	+
−	|&nbsp;	+
−	|&nbsp;	+
−	|US6719645B2	+
−	|&nbsp;	+
−	|&nbsp;	+
−	|-	+	=='''Top Players and Patenting Activity'''==
−	|align = "center" bgcolor = "#969696"|<font color="#CCFFCC">'''10'''</font>	+
−	|&nbsp;	+
−	|&nbsp;	+
−	|&nbsp;	+
−	|&nbsp;	+
−	|&nbsp;	+
−	|&nbsp;	+
−	|US6716114B2	+
−	|&nbsp;	+
−	|&nbsp;	+
−	|}	+
−	=== Search Strategy ===	+
−	{|border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" width="100%"	+
−	|align = "center" bgcolor = "#969696"|<font color="#CCFFCC">'''S.No'''</font>	+
−	|align = "center" bgcolor = "#969696"|<font color="#CCFFCC">'''Concepts'''</font>	+
−	|align = "center" bgcolor = "#969696"|<font color="#CCFFCC">'''Search String'''</font>	+
−	|align = "center" bgcolor = "#969696"|<font color="#CCFFCC">'''Scope'''</font>	+
−	|align = "center" bgcolor = "#969696"|<font color="#CCFFCC">'''Hits'''</font>	+
−	|-	+	[[Image:bcl2.jpg|800px|center|thumb| '''Bcl-2''']]
−	|align = "center" bgcolor = "#969696"|<font color="#CCFFCC">'''1'''</font>	+
−	|Any Classification	+
−	|(A63B*) OR (473* OR D21759)	+
−	|align = "center"|Micropat - Full Text<br>US - Grant & Application<br>Date - 19981008 till date	+
−	|align = "center"|31141	+
−	|-	+	==RNAi Database Dashboard==
−	|align = "center" bgcolor = "#969696"|<font color="#CCFFCC">'''2'''</font>	+
−	|Keyword Set 1	+
−	|((GOlf OR Gouf) AND (Clubhead* OR (Club Adj2 Head*) OR Head* OR Crown*)) OR ((Putter OR Driver OR Wood OR Iron OR Hybrid) Adj2 Head*) OR (Strik* Adj Surface) OR (Strik* Adj Face)	+
−	|align = "center"|Same as above	+
−	|align = "center"|20287	+
−	|-	+	RNAi database dashboard:
−	|align = "center" bgcolor = "#969696"|<font color="#CCFFCC">'''3'''</font>	+
−	|Keyword Set 2	+
−	|(Hosel OR Face OR Sole) AND ((Golf adj2 Club adj2 Head*) OR (Clubhead* OR (Club Adj2 Head) OR Golfhead OR (Golf Adj2 Head)))	+
−	|align = "center"|Same as above	+
−	|align = "center"|5297	+
−	|-	+	*Categorize and organize large sets of product, patent, and scientific literature
−	|align = "center" bgcolor = "#969696"|<font color="#CCFFCC">'''4'''</font>	+	*Analyze client’s competitive position and that of key competitors
−	|Assignee/Applicant	+	*Identify licensing opportunities
−	|(Sumitomo Adj2 Rubber) Or (Srixon) Or (SRI Adj2 Sport*)	+	*Make build-vs.-buy decisions in new product areas
−	|align = "center"|Same as above	+	*Predict product features based on technology and market trends
−	|align = "center"|1604	+
−	|-
−	|align = "center" bgcolor = "#969696"|<font color="#CCFFCC">'''5'''</font>
−	|Assignee/Applicant (non-std)
−	|(Sumitomo Adj2 Rubber) Or (Srixon) Or (SRI Adj2 Sport*)
−	|align = "center"|Same as above
−	|align = "center"|1594
−	|-
−	|align = "center" bgcolor = "#969696"|<font color="#CCFFCC">'''6'''</font>
−	|Filter
−	|(Golf Adj Ball)
−	|align = "center"|Micropat - English Title<br>US - Grant & Application<br>Date - 19981008 till date
−	|align = "center"|3644
−	|-	+	[[Image:dash1.jpg|1000px|center|thumb| '''Patent Dashboard''']]
−	|align = "center" bgcolor = "#969696"|<font color="#CCFFCC">'''7'''</font>	+
−	|Combined	+
−	|align = "center"|2 OR 3	+
−	|align = "center"|&nbsp;	+
−	|align = "center"|20296	+
−	|-	+	==RNAi Sequence Dashboard==
−	|align = "center" bgcolor = "#969696"|<font color="#CCFFCC">'''8'''</font>	+
−	|Combined	+
−	|align = "center"|7 AND 1	+
−	|align = "center"|&nbsp;	+
−	|align = "center"|10057	+
−	|-	+	Sequence dashboard allows comparison of siRNA agents extracted from patents and scientific literature to the consensus sequence. Since not all the documents disclose the target sequence, the consensus sequence has to be identified and used for sequence dashboard. For example for Bcl-2, consensus sequence is retrieved from NCBI having seq. id [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/179370 '''M14745'''].
−	|align = "center" bgcolor = "#969696"|<font color="#CCFFCC">'''9'''</font>	+
−	|Combined	+
−	|align = "center"|4 OR 5	+
−	|align = "center"|&nbsp;	+
−	|align = "center"|1604	+
−	|-	+	The dashboard also depicts the associated information with RNAi agent on the click of your mouse such as patent number, patent title, length of RNAi agent (siRNA), identity score etc.
−	|align = "center" bgcolor = "#969696"|<font color="#CCFFCC">'''10'''</font>	+
−	|Combined	+
−	|align = "center"|8 AND 9	+
−	|align = "center"|&nbsp;	+
−	|align = "center"|551	+
−	|-	+	[[Image:seq1.jpg|1000px|center|thumb| '''Sequence Dashboard''']]
−	|align = "center" bgcolor = "#969696"|<font color="#CCFFCC">'''11'''</font>	+
−	|Combined- Final Query	+
−	|align = "center"|10 NOT 6	+
−	|align = "center"|&nbsp;	+
−	|align = "center"|218 (187 excluding family patents) - 73% efficiency	+
−	|}	+	==Experimental data comparison matrix==
		+	Experimental data may be qualitative or quantitative, each being appropriate for different investigations.
−	==Sample Analysis of Patents==
−	{|border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" width="100%"
−	|align = "center" bgcolor = "#969696"|<font color="#CCFFCC">'''S. No.'''</font>
−	|align = "center" bgcolor = "#969696"|<font color="#CCFFCC">'''Pat #'''</font>
−	|align = "center" bgcolor = "#969696"|<font color="#CCFFCC">'''Title '''</font>
−	|align = "center" bgcolor = "#969696"|<font color="#CCFFCC">'''Abstract'''</font>
−	|align = "center" bgcolor = "#969696"|<font color="#CCFFCC">'''Publication Year'''</font>
−	|align = "center" bgcolor = "#969696"|<font color="#CCFFCC">'''Assignee / Applicant'''</font>
−	|align = "center" bgcolor = "#969696"|<font color="#CCFFCC">'''Patent Focus '''</font>
−	|align = "center" bgcolor = "#969696"|<font color="#CCFFCC">'''Dolcera Summary'''</font>
−	|-	+	Quantitative data  was captured from following RNAi experiments for patent focusing on therapeutic application and compared.
−	|align = "center" bgcolor = "#969696"|<font color="#CCFFCC">'''1'''</font>	+
−	|US7066833B2	+
−	|Golf club head	+
−	|A golf club head comprises a face portion having a front face defining a clubface for hitting a ball and a back face facing a hollow, wherein the clubface is provided along the edge thereof with a frontal groove having a groove width of not less than 0.5 mm, and the back face is provided with a backside groove extending along the frontal groove.	+
−	|2006	+
−	|Sumitomo Rubber Industries, Ltd.	+
−	|Face with frontal groove	+
−	|Golf club head has face portion having club face provided with frontal groove having width of not less than 0.5 mm such that face portion also includes back face provided with backside groove extending along frontal groove.	+
−	|-	+	*  % inhibition of target mRNA expression
−	|align = "center" bgcolor = "#969696"|<font color="#CCFFCC">'''2'''</font>	+	*  % encapsulation efficiency
−	|US6932715B2	+	*  % transfection efficiency
−	|Golf club head	+	*  % tumor volume reduction
−	|A golf club head including a head base body which surface is formed with a coating film, the coating film including a topcoat layer consisting of an acrylic resin coating material containing polyethylene wax of 1.0 to 10.0 parts by weight with respect to acrylic resin solid content of 100 parts by weight. It is possible to improve abrasion resistance while making the best use of excellent impact resistance of the acrylic resin coating material, and thus, to effectively prevent peeling of the coating film. Further, it is possible to enhance the interlayer adhesion of inner layers with the topcoat layer.	+	*  % cell count reduction
−	|2005	+
−	|Sumitomo Rubber Industries, Ltd.	+
−	|Topcoat layer coated head	+
−	|Golf club head comprises head base body whose surface is formed with coating film with topcoat layer consisting of acrylic resin coating material.	+
−	|-	+	More such comparison matrix can be prepared for patent having varied focus such as on delivery vehicle, nature of RNAi agents, target gene source, system used to test RNAi etc.
−	|align = "center" bgcolor = "#969696"|<font color="#CCFFCC">'''3'''</font>	+
−	|US6913546B2	+
−	|Wood-type golf club head	+
−	|A wood-type golf club head comprises a club face provided with a high-resilience part whose Young<nowiki>’</nowiki>s modulus E is in a range of from 40 to 80 GPa. The head volume is in a range of from 270 to 420 cc. The horizontal inertial moment is in a range of from 3000 to 4500 (g•sq.cm), and the gravity point depth is in a range of from 15 to 25 mm.	+
−	|2005	+
−	|Sumitomo Rubber Industries, Ltd.	+
−	|Design specification of head	+
−	|Wood-type golf club head for hitting golf ball when playing golf, has volume ranging from 270 to 420 cc, horizontal inertial moment ranging from 3000 to 4500 grams square centimeter, and gravity point depth ranging from 15 to 25 cm.	+
−	|-	+	==='''Patent Focus- Therapeutic Application'''===
−	|align = "center" bgcolor = "#969696"|<font color="#CCFFCC">'''4'''</font>	+
−	|US6875130B2	+
−	|Wood-type golf club head	+
−	|A wood-type golf club head which has a head volume of not less than 320 cc, a gravity point distance (C) in a range of from 25 to 35 mm, and a heel area width (A) in a range of from 30 to 52% of a clubhead width (B) .	+
−	|2005	+
−	|Sumitomo Rubber Industries, Ltd.	+
−	|Projection of head center	+
−	|Wood golf-club head, sets center of gravity distance between point, which projects head center of gravity on vertical plane, and shaft axis to 25 to 35 millimeters.	+
		+	{|border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" width="100%"
		+	|align = "center" bgcolor = "#C0C0C0" rowspan = "2"|'''Sr. No.'''
		+	|align = "center" bgcolor = "#C0C0C0" rowspan = "2"|'''Patent/Publication No.'''
		+	|align = "center" bgcolor = "#FFCC99" colspan = "2"|'''Target gene'''
		+	|align = "center" bgcolor = "#FF99CC" colspan = "7"|'''Experimental Details'''
		+	|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF" rowspan = "2"|'''RANK'''
	|-		|-
−	|align = "center" bgcolor = "#969696"|<font color="#CCFFCC">'''5'''</font>	+	|align = "center" bgcolor = "#FFCC99"|'''BCL-2'''
−	|US6875126B2	+	|align = "center" bgcolor = "#FFCC99"|'''Others'''
−	|Golf club head	+	|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CC00"|<font color="#000000">'''Test Model'''</font>
−	|A golf club head containing a hollow main frame and a face plate; the hollow main frame is composed of a main body and a crown plate welded to the main body, the main body containing a hosel part, a sole part and a side part extending upwards from the periphery of the sole part except for a front edge of the sole part thereby providing an open top and an open front, and the crown plate covers said open top, whereby the main frame has an opening on the front thereof. The face plate is welded to the main frame to cover the front opening of the main frame; the face plate includes a face part defining a clubface, and a flange part extending backward from at least the upper edge of the face part; the main frame further including eaves extending from an upper edge of the opening to the inside of the flange part, wherein the thickness of crown plate is in the range of 0.3 to 1.5 mm.	+	|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CC00"|<font color="#000000">'''Inhibition of Target mRNA Expression (%)'''</font>
−	|2005	+	|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CC00"|<font color="#000000">'''Encapsulation Efficiency'''</font>
−	|Sumitomo Rubber Industries, Ltd.	+	|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CC00"|<font color="#000000">'''Transfection efficiency Increase (%)'''</font>
−	|Crown plated head	+	|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CC00"|<font color="#000000">'''Tumor Volume Reduction (%)'''</font>
−	|Golf club head has crown plate formed with thickness ranging from 0.3 to 1.5 mm and welded to main body of main frame to cover open top of main body.	+	|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CC00"|<font color="#000000">'''Cell Count Reduction (%)'''</font>
−		+	|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CC00"|<font color="#000000">'''Other Remarks'''</font>
	|-		|-
−	|align = "center" bgcolor = "#969696"|<font color="#CCFFCC">'''6'''</font>	+	|align = "center" bgcolor = "#C0C0C0"|'''1'''
−	|US6852038B2	+	|align = "center"| [http://appft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=%2220070298056%22.PGNR.&OS=DN/20070298056&RS=DN/20070298056 US20070298056A1]
−	|Golf club head and method of making the same	+
−	|A golf club head comprises a hollow body having a cavity, a plurality of rib-like walls provided on the inner surface of the hollow body so as to extend backward from a position near the face portion, and a sound bar disposed behind the face portion so as to extend along the back face of the face portion. A method of making a golf club head comprises making a wax model of the hollow main body having an opening, wherein in order to prevent deformation of the wax model during making a casting mold, the wax model is provided with a brace which extends across the opening and protruding walls which are disposed on the inner surface of the wax model and extend backwards from the opening.	+
−	|2005	+
−	|Sumitomo Rubber Industries, Ltd.	+
−	|Club head with sound bar	+
−	|Golf club head has at least sound bar which is provided behind face portion of hollow body, on which rib-like walls are provided on inner surface, and extended at small distance from back face of face portion.	+
		+	|align = "center"|Yes
		+	|align = "center"|
		+	|align = "center"|Human colon cancer (Caco-2) xenografts in nude mice
		+	|align = "center"|No
		+	|align = "center"|No
		+	|align = "center"|No
		+	|align = "center"|90.08%<br>Day 25 <br>(Fig 2)
		+	|align = "center"|No
		+	|align = "center"|No
		+	|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|'''1'''
	|-		|-
−	|align = "center" bgcolor = "#969696"|<font color="#CCFFCC">'''7'''</font>	+	|align = "center" bgcolor = "#C0C0C0"|'''2'''
−	|US6849003B2	+	|align = "center"| [http://appft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=%2220080038296%22.PGNR.&OS=DN/20080038296&RS=DN/20080038296 US20080038296A1]
−	|Golf club head	+	|align = "center"|Yes
−	|A golf club head made of a fiber reinforced resin, comprising: a face hitting a ball; a crown forming an upper surface of the head; a sole forming a bottom surface of the head; a side extending between the crown and the sole from an edge on a toe side of the face to an edge on a heel side through a back face; and a hosel into which a shaft is inserted, wherein the crown has a thickness of equal to or less than 2.2 mm, and includes at least partially a high elastic part made of a fiber reinforced resin reinforced by at least one kind of fiber having a tensile elasticity modulus between 380 and 900 (GPa), and the hosel is provided with a vibration absorbent having a loss tangent between 0.7 and 1.5 at a temperature of 10° C. in the vicinity thereof.	+	|align = "center"|
−	|2005	+	|align = "center"|In vivo (Mice)
−	|Sumitomo Rubber Industries, Ltd.	+	|align = "center"|No
−	|Fiber reinforced resin club head	+	|align = "center"|No
−	|Golf club head made of fiber reinforced resin, has hosel which is provided with vibration absorbent having loss tangent between 0.7 and 1.5 at temperature of 10 degrees Centigrade in vicinity.	+	|align = "center"|No
−		+	|align = "center"|61.29%<br>Day 13<br>(Fig 3)
		+	|align = "center"|No
		+	|align = "center"|No
		+	|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|'''2'''
	|-		|-
−	|align = "center" bgcolor = "#969696"|<font color="#CCFFCC">'''8'''</font>	+	|align = "center" bgcolor = "#C0C0C0"|'''3'''
−	|US6776726B2	+	|align = "center"| [http://appft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=%2220070258952%22.PGNR.&OS=DN/20070258952&RS=DN/20070258952 US20070258952A1]
−	|Golf club head	+	|align = "center"|Yes
−	|A golf club head comprises a ball striking face provided with a central region having a surface hardness Hc and a peripheral region surrounding the central region and having a surface hardness Hp less than the surface hardness Hc.	+	|align = "center"|
−	|2004	+	|align = "center"|Human pancreatic carcinoma H79 xenografts
−	|Sumitomo Rubber Industries, Ltd.	+	|align = "center"|No
−	|Surface hardness of head	+	|align = "center"|No
−	|Golf club head has ball striking face provided with central region having surface hardness and peripheral region surrounding central region.	+	|align = "center"|No
−		+	|align = "center"|49.23%<br>Day 25<br>(Fig 4)
		+	|align = "center"|No
		+	|align = "center"|No
		+	|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|'''2'''
	|-		|-
−	|align = "center" bgcolor = "#969696"|<font color="#CCFFCC">'''9'''</font>	+	|align = "center" bgcolor = "#C0C0C0"|'''4'''
−	|US6719645B2	+	|align = "center"| [http://appft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=%2220070172847%22.PGNR.&OS=DN/20070172847&RS=DN/20070172847 US20070172847A1]
−	|Golf club head	+	|align = "center"|Yes
−	|A golf club head comprises a main body and a face member attached to the main body. The face member comprises a main portion forming a ball striking face and an extended part. The extended part extends 5 to 30 mm backward from at least part of the edge of the ball striking face. The thickness of the extended part is less than the thickness of the main portion.	+	|align = "center"|
−	|2004	+	|align = "center"|Ramos cells
−	|Sumitomo Rubber Industries, Ltd.	+	|align = "center"|80%<br>(Fig 4. B)
−	|Design specification of head	+	|align = "center"|No
−	|Golf club head with ball striking surface and extension surface about 5-30 millimeters from edge of ball striking surface, such that thickness of extension surface is less than that of main portion.	+	|align = "center"|No
		+	|align = "center"|No
		+	|align = "center"|No
		+	|align = "center"|No
		+	|align = "center" bgcolor = "#99CCFF"|'''2'''
		+	|-
		+	|}
		+	'''Ranking of patents''' can be done on the basis of focus of the study, experimental data disclosed, effectiveness of RNAi agent, type of model used to test the RNAi agent, etc.
		+
		+	Advantages:
		+	*Information disclosure wise sorting available.
		+	*Efficiency of different RNAi agent against target gene can be compared.
		+	*Different models used to test cell line and the efficiency can also be compared.
		+
		+	===Qualitative Data from Patent Documents===
		+
		+	Experiments yielding qualitative  data, mentioned below, can’t be compared but are equally important. We did not miss them!
		+
		+	* Gel electrophoresis
		+	* Gel blots
		+	* Tissue section* Cell staining
		+	* RNAi agent construction
		+
		+
		+	{|border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" width="100%"
		+	|align = "center" bgcolor = "#C0C0C0"|'''Patent/ Publication No.'''
		+	|align = "center" bgcolor = "#FFCC99"|'''Gel blots'''
		+	|align = "center" bgcolor = "#FFCC99"|'''Gel Electrophorosis'''
		+	|align = "center" bgcolor = "#FFCC99"|'''Tissue section micrograph'''
		+	|align = "center" bgcolor = "#FFCC99"|'''Cell staining micrograph'''
		+	|align = "center" bgcolor = "#FFCC99"|'''RNAi Agent Construction'''
	|-		|-
−	|align = "center" bgcolor = "#969696"|<font color="#CCFFCC">'''10'''</font>	+	|align = "center" bgcolor = "#C0C0C0"|'''US20080021205A1'''
−	|US6716114B2	+	|align = "center" bgcolor = "#C0C0C0"|Yes
−	|Wood-type golf club head	+	|align = "center"|_ _
−	|A wood-type golf club head having a head volume of not less than 300 cc comprises a head main body having a club face for striking a golf ball and a hosel defining a shaft center line (CL) corresponding to the center line of a club shaft, wherein the center of gravity (G) of the club head is disposed at a distance (L) of from 26 to 36 mm from said shaft center line (CL), a sweet spot (s) on the club face is disposed at a distance of not more than 3 mm from a club face center (c) of the club face, the club face has a toe-side end (Fe) disposed at a distance (B) of from 13 to 30 mm in the toe-heel direction towards the heel from a toe-side end (Te) of the club head, and a heel end (He) of the club head is disposed at a distance (A) of from 10 to 16 mm from the shaft center line (CL).	+	|align = "center"|_ _
−	|2004	+	|align = "center" bgcolor = "#C0C0C0"|Yes
−	|Sumitomo Rubber Industries, Ltd.	+	|align = "center"|_ _
−	|Design specification of head	+	|-
−	|Wood type golf club head sets required distance from center of gravity of club head to shaft center line of hosel, as well as distance from sweet spot to center of club face.	+	|align = "center" bgcolor = "#C0C0C0"|'''US20070275465A1'''
−		+	|align = "center"|_ _
−	|}	+	|align = "center" bgcolor = "#C0C0C0"|Yes
		+	|align = "center"|_ _
		+	|align = "center"|_ _
		+	|align = "center"|_ _
		+	|-
		+	|align = "center" bgcolor = "#C0C0C0"|'''WO2007013575A2'''
		+	|align = "center"|_ _
		+	|align = "center" bgcolor = "#C0C0C0"|Yes
		+	|align = "center" bgcolor = "#C0C0C0"|Yes
		+	|align = "center"|_ _
		+	|align = "center"|_ _
		+	|-
		+	|align = "center" bgcolor = "#C0C0C0"|'''US20070081982A1'''
		+	|align = "center"|_ _
		+	|align = "center"|_ _
		+	|align = "center"|_ _
		+	|align = "center"|_ _
		+	|align = "center" bgcolor = "#C0C0C0"|Yes
		+	|-
		+	|align = "center" bgcolor = "#C0C0C0"|'''WO2007013575A2'''
		+	|align = "center" bgcolor = "#C0C0C0"|Yes
		+	|align = "center"|_ _
		+	|align = "center" bgcolor = "#C0C0C0"|Yes
		+	|align = "center"|_ _
		+	|align = "center"|_ _
		+	|-
		+	|align = "center" bgcolor = "#C0C0C0"|'''US20050266561A1'''
		+	|align = "center"|_ _
		+	|align = "center"|_ _
		+	|align = "center"|_ _
		+	|align = "center"|_ _
		+	|align = "center" bgcolor = "#C0C0C0"|Yes
		+	|-
		+	|}                                                                                                                                                 *Mathematically incomparable data disclosed in patents

---

Latest revision as of 01:34, 27 July 2015

Sample of the RNAi Database Dashboard

RNAi Database

Overview

• RNA interference (RNAi), is a technique in which exogenous, double-stranded RNAs (dsRNAs) that are complimentary to known mRNAs, are introduced into a cell to specifically destroy that particular mRNA, thereby diminishing or abolishing gene expression.
• This technology considerably bolsters functional genomics to aid in the identification of novel genes involved in disease processes and thus can be used for medicament and for delivery as therapeutics. Source
• RNA interference was known by other names, including post transcriptional gene silencing and quelling. Source

Effector RNA molecules

RNAi pathways are guided by small RNAs that include

SiRNA:

• Small interfering RNA (siRNA), sometimes known as short interfering RNA or silencing RNA, is a class of 20-25 nucleotide-long double-stranded RNA molecules.
• SiRNAs can also be exogenously (artificially) introduced into cells by various transfection methods to bring about the specific knockdown of a gene of interest. Source

miRNA:

• microRNAs (miRNA) are single-stranded RNA molecules of about 21–23 nucleotides in length, which regulate gene expression.
• miRNAs are encoded by genes from whose DNA they are transcribed but miRNAs are not translated into protein (non-coding RNA); instead each primary transcript (a pri-miRNA) is processed into a short stem-loop structure called a pre-miRNA and finally into a functional miRNA.
• Mature miRNA molecules are partially complementary to one or more messenger RNA (mRNA) molecules, and their main function is to down-regulate gene expression. Source

shRNA:

• A small hairpin RNA or short hairpin RNA (shRNA) is a sequence of RNA that makes a tight hairpin turn that can be used to silence gene expression via RNA interference.

shRNA uses a vector introduced into cells and utilizes the U6 promoter to ensure that the shRNA is always expressed. This vector is usually passed on to daughter cells, allowing the gene silencing to be inherited. The shRNA hairpin structure is cleaved by the cellular machinery into siRNA, which is then bound to the RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC). This complex binds to and cleaves mRNAs which match the siRNA that is bound to it. Source

Others:

• In addition to miRNAs and siRNAs, other innate RNAi effectors have been identified.
  • One class of these is the Piwi-interacting RNAs (piRNAs). piRNAs seem to be uniquely expressed in the mammalian germline, particularly in the testes. The functional role of piRNAs is currently unclear, but a role in spermatogenesis is likely.
  • A number of other small RNAs associated with RNAi have been identified in different species, including trans-activating siRNAs (tasiRNAs), studied in plants and nematodes, and small scan RNAs (ScnRNAs), found in Tetrahymena. Source

Cellular Mechanism

The RNA interference pathway: Long double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) or small hairpin RNA (shRNA) is processed by Dicer to form a small interfering RNA (siRNA), which associates with RNA-induced silencing protein complex (RISC) and mediates target sequence specificity for subsequent mRNA cleavage leading to gene silencing.

Cancer specific Targets

Intellectual property

Search Strategy

Effective search strategy ensures that all key words covering the technology are adequately covered. IPC class limitations help in removing the unwanted patents.

The search strategy was employed to extract patents disclosing RNAi agents against disease causing target genes. Table below summarizes an exemplary search strategy used to extract patents for BCL2, a target gene for curing cancer.

S.No.	Concept	Search scope	Query	No. of Hits
1	RNAi	Claims,Title, Abstract	(siRNA*1 OR (short ADJ1 interfering ADJ1 RNA*1) OR (short ADJ1 interfering ADJ1 nucleic ADJ1 acid*1) OR (short ADJ1 interfering ADJ1 NA*1) OR siNA OR siNAs OR (si ADJ1 RNA*1) OR (Small adj1 interfering adj1 RNA*)OR miRNA or (microRNA* or micro adj1 RNA*)OR shRNA or (small adj1 hairpin adj1 RNA*)OR piRNA or (Piwi adj1 interacting adj1 RNA*)OR tasiRNAs or (trans adj1 activating adj1 siRNA*) OR ScnRNAs or (small adj1 scan adj1 RNA*)OR RNAi or(RNA adj1 interference))	12729
2	IPC		a61k or c12q or c12n or c07k or c07h	1688146
3	BCL2	Full Patent Spec	(Bcl2 OR (Bcell ADJ1 CLL) OR (Bcell ADJ1 Lymphoma2 ) OR DKFZp781P2092) and Current IPC-R a61k or c12q or c12n or c07k or c07h	3890
4	BCL2 + RNAi +IPC		1 AND 3	633 (293 unique records)

Interactive Taxonomy

Grouping specific elements into more general categories is conceptually easier and cleaner than is entertaining hundreds of specific elements separately. We categorize the information from analyzed patents and scientific literate into four levels of taxonomy which allow both “bird’s-eye view” and “in-depth views” of scientific technologies.

Top Players and Patenting Activity

RNAi Database Dashboard

RNAi database dashboard:

• Categorize and organize large sets of product, patent, and scientific literature
• Analyze client’s competitive position and that of key competitors
• Identify licensing opportunities
• Make build-vs.-buy decisions in new product areas
• Predict product features based on technology and market trends

RNAi Sequence Dashboard

Sequence dashboard allows comparison of siRNA agents extracted from patents and scientific literature to the consensus sequence. Since not all the documents disclose the target sequence, the consensus sequence has to be identified and used for sequence dashboard. For example for Bcl-2, consensus sequence is retrieved from NCBI having seq. id M14745.

The dashboard also depicts the associated information with RNAi agent on the click of your mouse such as patent number, patent title, length of RNAi agent (siRNA), identity score etc.

Experimental data comparison matrix

Experimental data may be qualitative or quantitative, each being appropriate for different investigations.

Quantitative data was captured from following RNAi experiments for patent focusing on therapeutic application and compared.

•  % inhibition of target mRNA expression
•  % encapsulation efficiency
•  % transfection efficiency
•  % tumor volume reduction
•  % cell count reduction

More such comparison matrix can be prepared for patent having varied focus such as on delivery vehicle, nature of RNAi agents, target gene source, system used to test RNAi etc.

Patent Focus- Therapeutic Application

Sr. No.	Patent/Publication No.	Target gene		Experimental Details							RANK
		BCL-2	Others	Test Model	Inhibition of Target mRNA Expression (%)	Encapsulation Efficiency	Transfection efficiency Increase (%)	Tumor Volume Reduction (%)	Cell Count Reduction (%)	Other Remarks
1	US20070298056A1	Yes		Human colon cancer (Caco-2) xenografts in nude mice	No	No	No	90.08% Day 25 (Fig 2)	No	No	1
2	US20080038296A1	Yes		In vivo (Mice)	No	No	No	61.29% Day 13 (Fig 3)	No	No	2
3	US20070258952A1	Yes		Human pancreatic carcinoma H79 xenografts	No	No	No	49.23% Day 25 (Fig 4)	No	No	2
4	US20070172847A1	Yes		Ramos cells	80% (Fig 4. B)	No	No	No	No	No	2

Ranking of patents can be done on the basis of focus of the study, experimental data disclosed, effectiveness of RNAi agent, type of model used to test the RNAi agent, etc.

Advantages:

• Information disclosure wise sorting available.
• Efficiency of different RNAi agent against target gene can be compared.
• Different models used to test cell line and the efficiency can also be compared.

Qualitative Data from Patent Documents

Experiments yielding qualitative data, mentioned below, can’t be compared but are equally important. We did not miss them!

• Gel electrophoresis
• Gel blots
• Tissue section* Cell staining
• RNAi agent construction

Patent/ Publication No.	Gel blots	Gel Electrophorosis	Tissue section micrograph	Cell staining micrograph	RNAi Agent Construction
US20080021205A1	Yes	_ _	_ _	Yes	_ _
US20070275465A1	_ _	Yes	_ _	_ _	_ _
WO2007013575A2	_ _	Yes	Yes	_ _	_ _
US20070081982A1	_ _	_ _	_ _	_ _	Yes
WO2007013575A2	Yes	_ _	Yes	_ _	_ _
US20050266561A1	_ _	_ _	_ _	_ _	Yes

*Mathematically incomparable data disclosed in patents