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==Objective==
 +
To create a Technology landscape report on "Biodegradable Packaging for Liquids"
  
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'''Comment:'''
 +
The idea is to find out the innovative market players in this technology area, those are the players that are the most technologically advanced in the market place. Intellectual Property that these players hold is taken as a measure of their technological prowess in this particular area. We have used Patents and Scientific articles to point out the innovative and technologically advanced market players.
 +
 +
==Search methodology==
 +
{|border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" width="100%"
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD" rowspan = "2"|'''Search strategy'''
 +
|1. Various class codes and keywords were retrieved for conducting the search related to Biodegradable Packaging from relevant patents, thesaurus and patent databases and scientific articles.
 +
|-
 +
|2. The database used for patent search is Thomson innovation. (Refer section 6)
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|-
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|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|'''Keywords'''
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|biodegradable, bio-disintegratable, biopolymer, bioplastic,PLA, PHA, PHB, PHBV, etc.
 +
|-
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|}
 +
 +
== Background ==
 +
 +
The environmental and sustainability issues, the increasing cost of solid waste disposal, dioxin emission from waste incineration have made synthetic polymers unattractive.  This has led to the development and production of biodegradable polymers. Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) are the intracellular inclusion in some bacteria. The property of PHA range from stiff, brittle to rubber-like and is a suitable alternative for the synthetic plastic.
 +
 +
[[Image:1st.png|thumb|left|300px|The general structure of polyhydroxyalkanoates]]
 +
 +
*n=1 R=hydrogen poly(-3-hydroxypropionate)
 +
*methyl poly(-3-hydroxybutyrate)
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*ethyl poly(3-horoxyvalerate)
 +
*propyl poly(-3-hydroxyhexanoate)
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*pentyl poly (-3-hydroxyoctanoate)
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*nonyl poly (-3-hydroxydodecanoate)
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*n=2 R=hydrogen poly (-4-hydroxybutyrate)
 +
*n=3 R=hydrogen poly (-5-hydroxyvalerate) (https://tspace.library.utoronto.ca/bitstream/1807/3487/1/jb04003.pdf.
 +
 +
 +
[[Image:2nd.png|thumb|left|300px|Lactic acid polymerization to PLA]]
 +
 +
 +
 +
Polylactic acid (PLA) is another biopolymer with environmental benefit. Polylactic acid (PLA) is a rigid thermoplastic polymer and can be semicrystalline or amorphous. The backbone of PLA is L(_)-lactic acid (2-hydroxy propionic acid) which is a natural and most common form of the acid. D(_)-lactic acid can also be produced by
 +
microorganisms or through racemization.  (http://www.jimluntllc.com/pdfs/polylactic_acid_technology.pdf)
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 +
 +
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<br>
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 +
 +
==Concept Table==
 +
{|border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" width="100%"
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD" colspan = "10"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''English Keywords'''</font>
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''French keywords'''</font>
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''German Keywords'''</font>
 +
|-
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|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''Concept 1'''</font>
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|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''Concept 2'''</font>
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|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''Concept 3'''</font>
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''Concept 4'''</font>
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''Concept 1'''</font>
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''Concept 2'''</font>
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''Concept 3'''</font>
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''Concept 4'''</font>
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''Concept 1'''</font>
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''Concept 2'''</font>
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''Concept 3'''</font>
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''Concept 4'''</font>
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|-
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|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|biodegradable
 +
|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|package
 +
|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|water vapor
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|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|barrier
 +
|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|biodégradables
 +
|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|forfait
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|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|la vapeur d<nowiki>’</nowiki>eau
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|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|barrière
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|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|biologisch abbaubar
 +
|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Paket
 +
|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Wasserdampf
 +
|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Barrier
 +
|-
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|biodegradation
 +
|packaging
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|Water vapour
 +
|resistant
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|<font color="#333333">biodégradation</font>
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|<font color="#333333">emballage</font>
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|<font color="#333333">La vapeur d<nowiki>’</nowiki>eau</font>
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|<font color="#333333">résistants</font>
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|<font color="#333333">Biodegradation</font>
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|<font color="#333333">Verpackung</font>
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|<font color="#333333">Wasserdampf</font>
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|<font color="#333333">resistent</font>
 +
|-
 +
|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|<nowiki>****</nowiki>
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|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|<nowiki>****</nowiki>
 +
|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|<nowiki>****</nowiki>
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|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|<nowiki>****</nowiki>
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|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|<nowiki>****</nowiki>
 +
|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|<nowiki>****</nowiki>
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|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|<nowiki>****</nowiki>
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|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|<nowiki>****</nowiki>
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|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|<nowiki>****</nowiki>
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|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|<nowiki>****</nowiki>
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|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|<nowiki>****</nowiki>
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|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|<nowiki>****</nowiki>
 +
|-
 +
|}
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 +
 +
<br>
 +
 +
==Search strategy==
 +
===Patents===
 +
====Thomson innovation====
 +
 +
* '''Time line: 1836 to September 21st, 2011'''
 +
* '''Databases: US Grant, GB App, US App, FR App, WO App, DE Util, EP Grant, DE Grant, EP App, DE App, JP Util, JP Grant, JP App, CN Util, CN App, KR Util , KR Grant, KR App, DWPI'''
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 +
{|border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" width="100%"
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|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''S.No'''</font>
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|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''Concept'''</font>
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|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''Scope'''</font>
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|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''Search string'''</font>
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|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''No.of hits'''</font>
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|-
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|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">''' '''</font>
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD" colspan = "4"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''English keyword search'''</font>
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|-
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|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''1'''</font>
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|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Biodegradable KW
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|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|CTAB
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|(biodegrad<nowiki>*</nowiki>6 or bio-degrad<nowiki>*</nowiki>6 or <nowiki>****</nowiki>
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|<nowiki>### </nowiki>
 +
|-
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|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''2'''</font>
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|align = "center"|Biodegradable KW
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|align = "center"|Full text
 +
|align = "center"|(biodegrad<nowiki>*</nowiki>6 or bio-degrad<nowiki>*</nowiki>6 or <nowiki>****</nowiki>
 +
|align = "center"|<nowiki>### </nowiki>
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|-
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|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''3'''</font>
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|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Packaging KW
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|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|CTAB
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|packag<nowiki>*</nowiki>3 or film<nowiki>*</nowiki>1 or <nowiki>****</nowiki>
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|<nowiki>### </nowiki>
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|-
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|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''4'''</font>
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|align = "center"|Biodegradable Packaging KW
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|align = "center"|CTAB
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|align = "center"|(biodegrad<nowiki>*</nowiki>6 or bio-degrad<nowiki>*</nowiki>6 or <nowiki>****</nowiki>
 +
|align = "center"|<nowiki>### </nowiki>
 +
|-
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|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''5'''</font>
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|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Moisture resistance KW
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|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Full text
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|((((water adj2 (vapor or vapour)) or<nowiki>****</nowiki>
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|<nowiki>### </nowiki>
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|-
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|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''6'''</font>
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|align = "center"|Moisture resistant packaging
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|align = "center"|CTAB
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|align = "center"|(((((water adj2 (vapor or vapour)) or <nowiki>****</nowiki>
 +
|align = "center"|<nowiki>### </nowiki>
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|-
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|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''7'''</font>
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|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Biodegradable and moisture resistant packaging KW
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|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|KW combination query
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|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|4 AND 6
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|<nowiki>### </nowiki>
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|-
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|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''8'''</font>
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|align = "center"|ECLA class for bio or photo degradable packaging
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|align = "center"|Any IPC or ECLA
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|align = "center"|B65D006546C or <nowiki>****</nowiki>
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|align = "center"|<nowiki>### </nowiki>
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|-
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|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''9'''</font>
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|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Biodegradable packaging US class
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|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|US class
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|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|220DIG30 or 383001
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|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|<nowiki>### </nowiki>
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|-
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|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''10'''</font>
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|align = "center"|IPC or US class for biodegradable packaging
 +
|align = "center"|Combined query
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|align = "center"|8 or 9
 +
|align = "center"|<nowiki>### </nowiki>
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|-
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''11'''</font>
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|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Liquid packaging IPC<nowiki>’</nowiki>s
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|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Any IPC or ECLA
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|B65D008572 or B65D008578 or <nowiki>****</nowiki>
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|<nowiki>### </nowiki>
 +
|-
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''12'''</font>
 +
|align = "center"|Liquid packaging IPC with biodegradable KW
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|align = "center"|Combined query
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|align = "center"|1 and 11
 +
|align = "center"|<nowiki>### </nowiki>
 +
|-
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''13'''</font>
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|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Layered product IPC
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|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Any IPC or ECLA
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|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|B32B000502 or B32B000702 or <nowiki>****</nowiki>
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|<nowiki>### </nowiki>
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|-
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''14'''</font>
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|align = "center"|Stock material or misc. article US class
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|align = "center"|US class
 +
|align = "center"|428326 or 428058 or 428457 or <nowiki>****</nowiki>
 +
|align = "center"|<nowiki>### </nowiki>
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|-
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''15'''</font>
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|IPC or US class
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Combined query
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|13 or 14
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|<nowiki>### </nowiki>
 +
|-
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''16'''</font>
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|Biodegdradable macromolecular compd IPC
 +
|align = "center"|Any IPC or ECLA
 +
|align = "center"|C08L010116
 +
|align = "center"|<nowiki>### </nowiki>
 +
|-
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''17'''</font>
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Compositions of macromolecular compounds
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|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Any IPC or ECLA
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|C08L000300 or C08L000302 or <nowiki>****</nowiki>
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|<nowiki>### </nowiki>
 +
|-
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''18'''</font>
 +
|align = "center"|Compositions of macromolecular compounds
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|align = "center"|US class
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|align = "center"|527207 or 527311 or <nowiki>****</nowiki>
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|align = "center"|<nowiki>### </nowiki>
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|-
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|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''19'''</font>
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|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Pulp compositions IPC
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|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Any IPC or ECLA
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|D21H002736 or D21H002730 or <nowiki>****</nowiki>
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|<nowiki>### </nowiki>
 +
|-
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''20'''</font>
 +
|align = "center"|US class for degradation
 +
|align = "center"|US class
 +
|align = "center"|523124 or <nowiki>****</nowiki>
 +
|align = "center"|<nowiki>### </nowiki>
 +
|-
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''21'''</font>
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Processes for applying liquids to surfaces IPC
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Any IPC or ECLA
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|B05D000300 or B05D000302 or<nowiki>****</nowiki>
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|<nowiki>### </nowiki>
 +
|-
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''22'''</font>
 +
|align = "center"|Shaping and process related US class
 +
|align = "center"|US class
 +
|align = "center"|264129 or 264401 or <nowiki>****</nowiki>
 +
|align = "center"|<nowiki>### </nowiki>
 +
|-
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''23'''</font>
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Any IPC or ECLA
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Combined query
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|15 or 17 or 18 or 19 or 20 or 21 or 22
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|<nowiki>### </nowiki>
 +
|-
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''24'''</font>
 +
|align = "center"|IPC or US Class and Biodeg pkg and moisture resistant KW
 +
|align = "center"|Combined query
 +
|align = "center"|23 and 4 and 5
 +
|align = "center"|<nowiki>### </nowiki>
 +
|-
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''25'''</font>
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Biodeg compd IPC and packaging and moisture resistant KW
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Combined query
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|16 and 3 and 5
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|<nowiki>### </nowiki>
 +
|-
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''26'''</font>
 +
|align = "center"|Biodeg pkg Class and moisture resistant KW
 +
|align = "center"|Combined query
 +
|align = "center"|10 and 5
 +
|align = "center"|<nowiki>### </nowiki>
 +
|-
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''27'''</font>
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Applications of disintegrable, dissolvable or edible materials
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Any IPC or ECLA
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|B65D006546
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|<nowiki>### </nowiki>
 +
|-
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''28'''</font>
 +
|align = "center"|Disintegrable IPC and Biodegradable and moisture resistance KW
 +
|align = "center"|Combined query
 +
|align = "center"|2 and 5 and 26
 +
|align = "center"|<nowiki>### </nowiki>
 +
|-
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''29'''</font>
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1" colspan = "2"|Final combined query in English
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|12 or 24 or 25 or 26 or 28
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|<nowiki>### </nowiki>
 +
|-
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD" colspan = "5"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''German keyword search'''</font>
 +
|-
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''1'''</font>
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Biodegradable KW
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|CTAB
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|((biologisch ADJ2 abbaubar) or biodégradation or <nowiki>****</nowiki>
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|<nowiki>### </nowiki>
 +
|-
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''2'''</font>
 +
|align = "center"|Biodegradable KW
 +
|align = "center"|Full text
 +
|align = "center"|((biologisch ADJ2 abbaubar) or biodégradation or <nowiki>****</nowiki>
 +
|align = "center"|<nowiki>### </nowiki>
 +
|-
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''3'''</font>
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Packaging KW
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|CTAB
 +
|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|(Paket or Verpackung or Pakete or <nowiki>****</nowiki>
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|<nowiki>### </nowiki>
 +
|-
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''4'''</font>
 +
|align = "center"|Biodegradable Packaging KW
 +
|align = "center"|CTAB
 +
|align = "center"|((biologisch ADJ2 abbaubar) or biodégradation or <nowiki>****</nowiki>
 +
|align = "center"|<nowiki>### </nowiki>
 +
|-
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''5'''</font>
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Moisture resistance KW
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Full text
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|(Wasserdampf or Feuchtigkeit or <nowiki>****</nowiki>
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|<nowiki>### </nowiki>
 +
|-
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''6'''</font>
 +
|align = "center"|Moisture resistant packaging
 +
|align = "center"|CTAB
 +
|align = "center"|(Wasserdampf or Feuchtigkeit or <nowiki>****</nowiki>
 +
|align = "center"|<nowiki>### </nowiki>
 +
|-
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''7'''</font>
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|ECLA class for bio or photo degradable packaging
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Any IPC or ECLA
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|B65D006546C
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|<nowiki>### </nowiki>
 +
|-
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''8'''</font>
 +
|align = "center"|Liquid packaging IPC<nowiki>’</nowiki>s
 +
|align = "center"|Any IPC or ECLA
 +
|align = "center"|B65D008572 or B65D008578 or<nowiki>****</nowiki>
 +
|align = "center"|<nowiki>### </nowiki>
 +
|-
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''9'''</font>
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Liquid packaging IPC with biodegradable KW
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Combined query
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|1 and 8
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|<nowiki>### </nowiki>
 +
|-
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''10'''</font>
 +
|align = "center"|Layered product IPC
 +
|align = "center"|Any IPC or ECLA
 +
|align = "center"|B32B000502 or B32B000702 or <nowiki>****</nowiki>
 +
|align = "center"|<nowiki>### </nowiki>
 +
|-
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''11'''</font>
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Biodegdradable macromolecular compd IPC
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Any IPC or ECLA
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|C08L010116
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|<nowiki>### </nowiki>
 +
|-
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''12'''</font>
 +
|align = "center"|Compositions of macromolecular compounds
 +
|align = "center"|Any IPC or ECLA
 +
|align = "center"|C08L000300 or C08L000302 or <nowiki>****</nowiki>
 +
|align = "center"|<nowiki>### </nowiki>
 +
|-
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''13'''</font>
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Pulp compositions IPC
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Any IPC or ECLA
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|D21H002736 or D21H002730 or <nowiki>****</nowiki>
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|<nowiki>### </nowiki>
 +
|-
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''14'''</font>
 +
|align = "center"|Processes for applying liquids to surfaces IPC
 +
|align = "center"|Any IPC or ECLA
 +
|align = "center"|B05D000300 or B05D000302 or <nowiki>****</nowiki>
 +
|align = "center"|<nowiki>### </nowiki>
 +
|-
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''15'''</font>
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Any IPC or ECLA
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Combined query
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|10 or 12 or 13 or 14
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|<nowiki>### </nowiki>
 +
|-
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''16'''</font>
 +
|align = "center"|IPC or US Class and Biodeg pkg and moisture resistant KW
 +
|align = "center"|Combined query
 +
|align = "center"|15 and 4
 +
|align = "center"|<nowiki>### </nowiki>
 +
|-
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''17'''</font>
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Biodeg compd IPC and packaging and moisture resistant KW
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Combined query
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|11 and 3 and 5
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|<nowiki>### </nowiki>
 +
|-
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''18'''</font>
 +
|align = "center"|Biodeg pkg Class and moisture resistant KW
 +
|align = "center"|Combined query
 +
|align = "center"|8 and 5
 +
|align = "center"|<nowiki>### </nowiki>
 +
|-
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''19'''</font>
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Applications of disintegrable, dissolvable or edible materials
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Any IPC or ECLA
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|B65D006546
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|<nowiki>### </nowiki>
 +
|-
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''20'''</font>
 +
|align = "center"|Disintegrable IPC and Biodegradable and moisture resistance KW
 +
|align = "center"|Combined query
 +
|align = "center"|2 and 5 and 19
 +
|align = "center"|<nowiki>### </nowiki>
 +
|-
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''21'''</font>
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1" colspan = "2"|Final combined german query
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|9 or 16 or 17 or 18 or 20
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|<nowiki>### </nowiki>
 +
|-
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD" colspan = "5"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''French keyword search'''</font>
 +
|-
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''1'''</font>
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Biodegradable KW
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|CTAB
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|(biodegradables or biodegradation or <nowiki>****</nowiki>
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|<nowiki>### </nowiki>
 +
|-
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''2'''</font>
 +
|align = "center"|Biodegradable KW
 +
|align = "center"|Full text
 +
|align = "center"|(biodégradables or biodégradation or<nowiki>****</nowiki>
 +
|align = "center"|<nowiki>### </nowiki>
 +
|-
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''3'''</font>
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Packaging KW
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|CTAB
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|forfait or emballage or paquets or <nowiki>****</nowiki>
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|<nowiki>### </nowiki>
 +
|-
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''4'''</font>
 +
|align = "center"|Biodegradable Packaging KW
 +
|align = "center"|CTAB
 +
|align = "center"|(biodegradables or biodegradation or <nowiki>****</nowiki>
 +
|align = "center"|<nowiki>### </nowiki>
 +
|-
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''5'''</font>
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Moisture resistance KW
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Full text
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|(((la vapeur ADJ2 d<nowiki>’</nowiki>eau) or (La vapeur ADJ2 d<nowiki>’</nowiki>eau) or <nowiki>****</nowiki>
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|<nowiki>### </nowiki>
 +
|-
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''6'''</font>
 +
|align = "center"|Moisture resistant packaging
 +
|align = "center"|CTAB
 +
|align = "center"|(((la vapeur ADJ2 d<nowiki>’</nowiki>eau) or <nowiki>****</nowiki>
 +
|align = "center"|<nowiki>### </nowiki>
 +
|-
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''7'''</font>
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Biodegradable and moisture resistant packaging KW
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|KW combination query
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|4 AND 6
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|<nowiki>### </nowiki>
 +
|-
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''8'''</font>
 +
|align = "center"|ECLA class for bio or photo degradable packaging
 +
|align = "center"|Any IPC or ECLA
 +
|align = "center"|B65D006546C
 +
|align = "center"|<nowiki>### </nowiki>
 +
|-
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''9'''</font>
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Liquid packaging IPC<nowiki>’</nowiki>s
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Any IPC or ECLA
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|B65D008572 or B65D008578 or<nowiki>****</nowiki>
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|<nowiki>### </nowiki>
 +
|-
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''10'''</font>
 +
|align = "center"|Liquid packaging IPC with biodegradable KW
 +
|align = "center"|Combined query
 +
|align = "center"|1 and 9
 +
|align = "center"|<nowiki>### </nowiki>
 +
|-
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''11'''</font>
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Layered product IPC
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Any IPC or ECLA
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|B32B000502 or B32B000702 or <nowiki>****</nowiki>
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|<nowiki>### </nowiki>
 +
|-
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''12'''</font>
 +
|Biodegdradable macromolecular compd IPC
 +
|align = "center"|Any IPC or ECLA
 +
|align = "center"|C08L010116
 +
|align = "center"|<nowiki>### </nowiki>
 +
|-
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''13'''</font>
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Compositions of macromolecular compounds
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Any IPC or ECLA
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|C08L000300 or C08L000302 or <nowiki>****</nowiki>
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|<nowiki>### </nowiki>
 +
|-
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''14'''</font>
 +
|align = "center"|Pulp compositions IPC
 +
|align = "center"|Any IPC or ECLA
 +
|align = "center"|D21H002736 or D21H002730 or <nowiki>****</nowiki>
 +
|align = "center"|<nowiki>### </nowiki>
 +
|-
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''15'''</font>
 +
|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Processes for applying liquids to surfaces IPC
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Any IPC or ECLA
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|B05D000300 or B05D000302 or <nowiki>****</nowiki>
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|<nowiki>### </nowiki>
 +
|-
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''16'''</font>
 +
|align = "center"|Any IPC or ECLA
 +
|align = "center"|Combined query
 +
|align = "center"|11 or 13 or 14 or 15
 +
|align = "center"|<nowiki>### </nowiki>
 +
|-
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''17'''</font>
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|IPC or US Class and Biodeg pkg and moisture resistant KW
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Combined query
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|16 and 4 and 5
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|<nowiki>### </nowiki>
 +
|-
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''18'''</font>
 +
|align = "center"|Biodeg compd IPC and packaging and moisture resistant KW
 +
|align = "center"|Combined query
 +
|align = "center"|12 and 3 and 5
 +
|align = "center"|<nowiki>### </nowiki>
 +
|-
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''19'''</font>
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Biodeg pkg Class and moisture resistant KW
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Combined query
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|8 and 5
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|<nowiki>### </nowiki>
 +
|-
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''20'''</font>
 +
|Applications of disintegrable, dissolvable or edible materials
 +
|align = "center"|Any IPC or ECLA
 +
|align = "center"|B65D006546
 +
|align = "center"|<nowiki>### </nowiki>
 +
|-
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''21'''</font>
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Disintegrable IPC and Biodegradable and moisture resistance KW
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Combined query
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|2 and 5 and 20
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|<nowiki>### </nowiki>
 +
|-
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''22'''</font>
 +
|align = "center" colspan = "2"|Final combined french query
 +
|align = "center"|10 or 17 or 18 or 19 or 21
 +
|align = "center"|<nowiki>### </nowiki>
 +
|-
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD" colspan = "5"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''Japanese F Term search'''</font>
 +
|-
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''1'''</font>
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Biodegradable materials
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|JP F-terms
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|4J200BA<nowiki>*</nowiki> or <nowiki>****</nowiki>
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|<nowiki>### </nowiki>
 +
|-
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''2'''</font>
 +
|align = "center"|Packaging KW
 +
|align = "center"|CTAB
 +
|align = "center"|packag<nowiki>*</nowiki>3 or film<nowiki>*</nowiki>1 or <nowiki>****</nowiki>
 +
|align = "center"|<nowiki>### </nowiki>
 +
|-
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''3'''</font>
 +
|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Moisture resistance KW
 +
|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Full text
 +
|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|((((water adj2 (vapor or vapour)) or <nowiki>****</nowiki>
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|<nowiki>### </nowiki>
 +
|-
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''4'''</font>
 +
|align = "center"|Moisture resistant pkg KW with Biodegradability Fterms
 +
|align = "center"|Combined query
 +
|align = "center"|1 and 2 and 3
 +
|align = "center"|<nowiki>### </nowiki>
 +
|-
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''5'''</font>
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Liquid packaging
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|JP F-terms
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|3E035AA03 or <nowiki>****</nowiki>
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|<nowiki>### </nowiki>
 +
|-
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''6'''</font>
 +
|align = "center"|Biodegradability KW
 +
|align = "center"|CTAB
 +
|align = "center"|(biodegrad<nowiki>*</nowiki>6 or bio-degrad<nowiki>*</nowiki>6 or <nowiki>****</nowiki>
 +
|align = "center"|<nowiki>### </nowiki>
 +
|-
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''7'''</font>
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Biodegradability KW with liquid packaging Fterms
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Combined query
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|4 and 5
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|<nowiki>### </nowiki>
 +
|-
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''8'''</font>
 +
|align = "center"|Moisture resistant packaging
 +
|align = "center"|JP F-terms
 +
|align = "center"|3E033CA09 or 3E060DA21 or <nowiki>****</nowiki>
 +
|align = "center"|<nowiki>### </nowiki>
 +
|-
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''9'''</font>
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Biodegradability KW and Moisture resistant packaging F terms
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Combined query
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|5 and 7
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|<nowiki>### </nowiki>
 +
|-
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''10'''</font>
 +
|align = "center" colspan = "2"|Final combined Japanese query
 +
|align = "center"|4 or 6 or 8
 +
|align = "center"|<nowiki>### </nowiki>
 +
|-
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''1'''</font>
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1" colspan = "3"|'''Final combination of all languages search query'''
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|<nowiki>### </nowiki>
 +
|-
 +
|}
 +
 +
 +
<br>
 +
 +
===Relevant Class Codes and Definitons===
 +
====IPC/ECLA====
 +
 +
{|border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" width="100%"
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''Class Codes'''</font>
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''Definitions'''</font>
 +
|-
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''B65D'''</font>
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''Containers for storage or transport of articles or materials'''</font>
 +
|-
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|3/22
 +
|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Rigid or semi-rigid containers having bodies or peripheral walls of curved or partially-curved cross-section made by winding or bending paper without folding along defined lines;Containers with double walls
 +
|-
 +
|align = "center"|85/72
 +
|Containers, packaging elements or packages, specially adapted for particular articles or materials;For edible or potable liquids, semiliquids or potable or plastic materials
 +
|-
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|****
 +
|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|****
 +
|}
 +
 +
 +
 +
 +
 +
<br>
 +
 +
====US Class====
 +
{|border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" width="100%"
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''Class codes'''</font>
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''Definitions'''</font>
 +
|-
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|220
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Receptacle
 +
|-
 +
|align = "center"|DIG30
 +
|align = "center"|biodegradable
 +
|-
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1" rowspan = "2"|****
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1" rowspan = "2"|****
 +
|-
 +
|}
 +
 +
====F Term====
 +
{|border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" width="100%"
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''F- TERM'''</font>
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''Description'''</font>
 +
|-
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|4J200
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|Biological depolymerization polymers
 +
|-
 +
|align = "center"|4J200BA<nowiki>*</nowiki>
 +
|align = "center"|Biodegradable materialsa (all F terms under this is included)
 +
|-
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1" rowspan = "2"|****
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1" rowspan = "2"|****
 +
|-
 +
|}
 +
 +
 +
 +
<br>
 +
 +
==Relevant Patents==
 +
 +
{|border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" width="100%"
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''S. No.'''</font>
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''Patent / Publication No.'''</font>
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''Title'''</font>
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''Assignee'''</font>
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''Publication year'''</font>
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''Dolcera summary'''</font>
 +
|-
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''1'''</font>
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PALL&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.htm&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=7951438.PN.&OS=PN/7951438&RS=PN/7951438 US7951438]</u></font>
 +
|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|BIAXIALLY ORIENTED POLYLACTIC ACID FILM WITH HIGH BARRIER
 +
|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|TORAY PLASTICS AMERICA INC
 +
|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|2011
 +
|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|A metallized laminate of polylactic acid with a moisture barrier property of at least 1.0 g/m<sup>2</sup>/day or better at 38<sup>o</sup>C. and 90% RH
 +
|-
 +
|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''2'''</font>
 +
|align = "center"|<font color="#0000FF"><u>[http://appft1.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=%2220110076511%22.PGNR.&OS=DN/20110076511&RS=DN/20110076511 US20110076511]</u></font>
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|MULTI-LAYER HIGH MOISTURE BARRIER POLYLACTIC ACID FILM
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|TORAY PLASTICS AMERICA INC
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|2011
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|A multi-layer biaxially oriented polylactic acid film with a coating layer of aluminum for improvement in barrier properties.
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|-
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|align = "center" bgcolor = "#4F81BD"|<font color="#FFFFFF">'''3'''</font>
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|align = "center" bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|****
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|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|****
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|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|****
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|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|****
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|bgcolor = "#DBE5F1"|****
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|-
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|}
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<br>
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==Trends and Insights==
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[[Image:insight.jpg|200px|center|frame|thumb|<center>'''Biodegradable materials and combination used in water resistance packaging'''</center>]]
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* Numerical values represent the patent count
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* Circles represents different compositions
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* Lines between two circles is the patent count of biodegradable materials used in combination
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==[[Sample Analysis Sheet]]==
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==Market Research Information==
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[https://www.dolcera.com/client/p8g5/wiki/index.php?title=Market_Research_Information For market information on Biodegradable packaging for liquids, please click here]
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<br>
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==Assignee analysis and IP activity==
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[[Image:top asss.png|thumb|center|800px|Top Assignees in this technology area]]
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[[Image:temp-pack.png|thumb|center|800px|Top Assignees in Packaging Industry]]
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[[Image:tp as chem.jpg|thumb|center|800px|Top Assignees in Chemical Industry]]
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[[Image:fmcg.jpg|thumb|center|850px|Top Assignees in FMCG Industry]]
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[[Image:temp-food.png|thumb|center|800px|Top Assignees in Food Industry]]
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[[Image:geo pats.jpg|thumb|center|800px|Geographical distribution of Patents]]
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[[Image:temp-ass.png|thumb|center|800px|Geographical distribution of Assignees]]
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[[Image:publ yr.jpg|thumb|center|850px|IP activity based on Publication Year]]
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[[Image:prior yr.jpg|thumb|center|850px|IP activity based on Priority Year]]
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==Interactive taxonomy==
 +
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*''Use the mouse(click and drag/scroll up or down/click on nodes) to explore nodes in the detailed taxonomy''
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*''Click on the red arrow adjacent to the node name to view the content for that particular node in the dashboard''
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[[Image:taxo.jpg|centre|thumb|950 px]]
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=='''Dashboard link'''==
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[[Image:dashb.jpg|centre|thumb|950 px]]
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: '''NOTE:'''
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::* Flash Player is essential to view the Dolcera dashboard.
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::* Patents for which data is not available are analysed based on DWPI data which can not be disclosed due to legal issues.
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<br/>
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==Patent to Product Mapping==
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[[Image:pat to product.jpg|centre|thumb|950px]]

Latest revision as of 23:09, 2 February 2012

Objective

To create a Technology landscape report on "Biodegradable Packaging for Liquids"

Comment: The idea is to find out the innovative market players in this technology area, those are the players that are the most technologically advanced in the market place. Intellectual Property that these players hold is taken as a measure of their technological prowess in this particular area. We have used Patents and Scientific articles to point out the innovative and technologically advanced market players.

Search methodology

Search strategy 1. Various class codes and keywords were retrieved for conducting the search related to Biodegradable Packaging from relevant patents, thesaurus and patent databases and scientific articles.
2. The database used for patent search is Thomson innovation. (Refer section 6)
Keywords biodegradable, bio-disintegratable, biopolymer, bioplastic,PLA, PHA, PHB, PHBV, etc.

Background

The environmental and sustainability issues, the increasing cost of solid waste disposal, dioxin emission from waste incineration have made synthetic polymers unattractive. This has led to the development and production of biodegradable polymers. Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) are the intracellular inclusion in some bacteria. The property of PHA range from stiff, brittle to rubber-like and is a suitable alternative for the synthetic plastic.

The general structure of polyhydroxyalkanoates
  • n=1 R=hydrogen poly(-3-hydroxypropionate)
  • methyl poly(-3-hydroxybutyrate)
  • ethyl poly(3-horoxyvalerate)
  • propyl poly(-3-hydroxyhexanoate)
  • pentyl poly (-3-hydroxyoctanoate)
  • nonyl poly (-3-hydroxydodecanoate)
  • n=2 R=hydrogen poly (-4-hydroxybutyrate)
  • n=3 R=hydrogen poly (-5-hydroxyvalerate) (https://tspace.library.utoronto.ca/bitstream/1807/3487/1/jb04003.pdf.


Lactic acid polymerization to PLA


Polylactic acid (PLA) is another biopolymer with environmental benefit. Polylactic acid (PLA) is a rigid thermoplastic polymer and can be semicrystalline or amorphous. The backbone of PLA is L(_)-lactic acid (2-hydroxy propionic acid) which is a natural and most common form of the acid. D(_)-lactic acid can also be produced by microorganisms or through racemization. (http://www.jimluntllc.com/pdfs/polylactic_acid_technology.pdf)







Concept Table

English Keywords French keywords German Keywords
Concept 1 Concept 2 Concept 3 Concept 4 Concept 1 Concept 2 Concept 3 Concept 4 Concept 1 Concept 2 Concept 3 Concept 4
biodegradable package water vapor barrier biodégradables forfait la vapeur d’eau barrière biologisch abbaubar Paket Wasserdampf Barrier
biodegradation packaging Water vapour resistant biodégradation emballage La vapeur d’eau résistants Biodegradation Verpackung Wasserdampf resistent
**** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** **** ****



Search strategy

Patents

Thomson innovation

  • Time line: 1836 to September 21st, 2011
  • Databases: US Grant, GB App, US App, FR App, WO App, DE Util, EP Grant, DE Grant, EP App, DE App, JP Util, JP Grant, JP App, CN Util, CN App, KR Util , KR Grant, KR App, DWPI
S.No Concept Scope Search string No.of hits
English keyword search
1 Biodegradable KW CTAB (biodegrad*6 or bio-degrad*6 or **** ###
2 Biodegradable KW Full text (biodegrad*6 or bio-degrad*6 or **** ###
3 Packaging KW CTAB packag*3 or film*1 or **** ###
4 Biodegradable Packaging KW CTAB (biodegrad*6 or bio-degrad*6 or **** ###
5 Moisture resistance KW Full text ((((water adj2 (vapor or vapour)) or**** ###
6 Moisture resistant packaging CTAB (((((water adj2 (vapor or vapour)) or **** ###
7 Biodegradable and moisture resistant packaging KW KW combination query 4 AND 6 ###
8 ECLA class for bio or photo degradable packaging Any IPC or ECLA B65D006546C or **** ###
9 Biodegradable packaging US class US class 220DIG30 or 383001 ###
10 IPC or US class for biodegradable packaging Combined query 8 or 9 ###
11 Liquid packaging IPC’s Any IPC or ECLA B65D008572 or B65D008578 or **** ###
12 Liquid packaging IPC with biodegradable KW Combined query 1 and 11 ###
13 Layered product IPC Any IPC or ECLA B32B000502 or B32B000702 or **** ###
14 Stock material or misc. article US class US class 428326 or 428058 or 428457 or **** ###
15 IPC or US class Combined query 13 or 14 ###
16 Biodegdradable macromolecular compd IPC Any IPC or ECLA C08L010116 ###
17 Compositions of macromolecular compounds Any IPC or ECLA C08L000300 or C08L000302 or **** ###
18 Compositions of macromolecular compounds US class 527207 or 527311 or **** ###
19 Pulp compositions IPC Any IPC or ECLA D21H002736 or D21H002730 or **** ###
20 US class for degradation US class 523124 or **** ###
21 Processes for applying liquids to surfaces IPC Any IPC or ECLA B05D000300 or B05D000302 or**** ###
22 Shaping and process related US class US class 264129 or 264401 or **** ###
23 Any IPC or ECLA Combined query 15 or 17 or 18 or 19 or 20 or 21 or 22 ###
24 IPC or US Class and Biodeg pkg and moisture resistant KW Combined query 23 and 4 and 5 ###
25 Biodeg compd IPC and packaging and moisture resistant KW Combined query 16 and 3 and 5 ###
26 Biodeg pkg Class and moisture resistant KW Combined query 10 and 5 ###
27 Applications of disintegrable, dissolvable or edible materials Any IPC or ECLA B65D006546 ###
28 Disintegrable IPC and Biodegradable and moisture resistance KW Combined query 2 and 5 and 26 ###
29 Final combined query in English 12 or 24 or 25 or 26 or 28 ###
German keyword search
1 Biodegradable KW CTAB ((biologisch ADJ2 abbaubar) or biodégradation or **** ###
2 Biodegradable KW Full text ((biologisch ADJ2 abbaubar) or biodégradation or **** ###
3 Packaging KW CTAB (Paket or Verpackung or Pakete or **** ###
4 Biodegradable Packaging KW CTAB ((biologisch ADJ2 abbaubar) or biodégradation or **** ###
5 Moisture resistance KW Full text (Wasserdampf or Feuchtigkeit or **** ###
6 Moisture resistant packaging CTAB (Wasserdampf or Feuchtigkeit or **** ###
7 ECLA class for bio or photo degradable packaging Any IPC or ECLA B65D006546C ###
8 Liquid packaging IPC’s Any IPC or ECLA B65D008572 or B65D008578 or**** ###
9 Liquid packaging IPC with biodegradable KW Combined query 1 and 8 ###
10 Layered product IPC Any IPC or ECLA B32B000502 or B32B000702 or **** ###
11 Biodegdradable macromolecular compd IPC Any IPC or ECLA C08L010116 ###
12 Compositions of macromolecular compounds Any IPC or ECLA C08L000300 or C08L000302 or **** ###
13 Pulp compositions IPC Any IPC or ECLA D21H002736 or D21H002730 or **** ###
14 Processes for applying liquids to surfaces IPC Any IPC or ECLA B05D000300 or B05D000302 or **** ###
15 Any IPC or ECLA Combined query 10 or 12 or 13 or 14 ###
16 IPC or US Class and Biodeg pkg and moisture resistant KW Combined query 15 and 4 ###
17 Biodeg compd IPC and packaging and moisture resistant KW Combined query 11 and 3 and 5 ###
18 Biodeg pkg Class and moisture resistant KW Combined query 8 and 5 ###
19 Applications of disintegrable, dissolvable or edible materials Any IPC or ECLA B65D006546 ###
20 Disintegrable IPC and Biodegradable and moisture resistance KW Combined query 2 and 5 and 19 ###
21 Final combined german query 9 or 16 or 17 or 18 or 20 ###
French keyword search
1 Biodegradable KW CTAB (biodegradables or biodegradation or **** ###
2 Biodegradable KW Full text (biodégradables or biodégradation or**** ###
3 Packaging KW CTAB forfait or emballage or paquets or **** ###
4 Biodegradable Packaging KW CTAB (biodegradables or biodegradation or **** ###
5 Moisture resistance KW Full text (((la vapeur ADJ2 d’eau) or (La vapeur ADJ2 d’eau) or **** ###
6 Moisture resistant packaging CTAB (((la vapeur ADJ2 d’eau) or **** ###
7 Biodegradable and moisture resistant packaging KW KW combination query 4 AND 6 ###
8 ECLA class for bio or photo degradable packaging Any IPC or ECLA B65D006546C ###
9 Liquid packaging IPC’s Any IPC or ECLA B65D008572 or B65D008578 or**** ###
10 Liquid packaging IPC with biodegradable KW Combined query 1 and 9 ###
11 Layered product IPC Any IPC or ECLA B32B000502 or B32B000702 or **** ###
12 Biodegdradable macromolecular compd IPC Any IPC or ECLA C08L010116 ###
13 Compositions of macromolecular compounds Any IPC or ECLA C08L000300 or C08L000302 or **** ###
14 Pulp compositions IPC Any IPC or ECLA D21H002736 or D21H002730 or **** ###
15 Processes for applying liquids to surfaces IPC Any IPC or ECLA B05D000300 or B05D000302 or **** ###
16 Any IPC or ECLA Combined query 11 or 13 or 14 or 15 ###
17 IPC or US Class and Biodeg pkg and moisture resistant KW Combined query 16 and 4 and 5 ###
18 Biodeg compd IPC and packaging and moisture resistant KW Combined query 12 and 3 and 5 ###
19 Biodeg pkg Class and moisture resistant KW Combined query 8 and 5 ###
20 Applications of disintegrable, dissolvable or edible materials Any IPC or ECLA B65D006546 ###
21 Disintegrable IPC and Biodegradable and moisture resistance KW Combined query 2 and 5 and 20 ###
22 Final combined french query 10 or 17 or 18 or 19 or 21 ###
Japanese F Term search
1 Biodegradable materials JP F-terms 4J200BA* or **** ###
2 Packaging KW CTAB packag*3 or film*1 or **** ###
3 Moisture resistance KW Full text ((((water adj2 (vapor or vapour)) or **** ###
4 Moisture resistant pkg KW with Biodegradability Fterms Combined query 1 and 2 and 3 ###
5 Liquid packaging JP F-terms 3E035AA03 or **** ###
6 Biodegradability KW CTAB (biodegrad*6 or bio-degrad*6 or **** ###
7 Biodegradability KW with liquid packaging Fterms Combined query 4 and 5 ###
8 Moisture resistant packaging JP F-terms 3E033CA09 or 3E060DA21 or **** ###
9 Biodegradability KW and Moisture resistant packaging F terms Combined query 5 and 7 ###
10 Final combined Japanese query 4 or 6 or 8 ###
1 Final combination of all languages search query ###



Relevant Class Codes and Definitons

IPC/ECLA

Class Codes Definitions
B65D Containers for storage or transport of articles or materials
3/22 Rigid or semi-rigid containers having bodies or peripheral walls of curved or partially-curved cross-section made by winding or bending paper without folding along defined lines;Containers with double walls
85/72 Containers, packaging elements or packages, specially adapted for particular articles or materials;For edible or potable liquids, semiliquids or potable or plastic materials
**** ****




US Class

Class codes Definitions
220 Receptacle
DIG30 biodegradable
**** ****

F Term

F- TERM Description
4J200 Biological depolymerization polymers
4J200BA* Biodegradable materialsa (all F terms under this is included)
**** ****



Relevant Patents

S. No. Patent / Publication No. Title Assignee Publication year Dolcera summary
1 US7951438 BIAXIALLY ORIENTED POLYLACTIC ACID FILM WITH HIGH BARRIER TORAY PLASTICS AMERICA INC 2011 A metallized laminate of polylactic acid with a moisture barrier property of at least 1.0 g/m2/day or better at 38oC. and 90% RH
2 US20110076511 MULTI-LAYER HIGH MOISTURE BARRIER POLYLACTIC ACID FILM TORAY PLASTICS AMERICA INC 2011 A multi-layer biaxially oriented polylactic acid film with a coating layer of aluminum for improvement in barrier properties.
3 **** **** **** **** ****




Trends and Insights

Biodegradable materials and combination used in water resistance packaging
  • Numerical values represent the patent count
  • Circles represents different compositions
  • Lines between two circles is the patent count of biodegradable materials used in combination

Sample Analysis Sheet

Market Research Information

For market information on Biodegradable packaging for liquids, please click here


Assignee analysis and IP activity

Top Assignees in this technology area
Top Assignees in Packaging Industry
Top Assignees in Chemical Industry
Top Assignees in FMCG Industry
Top Assignees in Food Industry
Geographical distribution of Patents
Geographical distribution of Assignees
IP activity based on Publication Year
IP activity based on Priority Year

Interactive taxonomy

  • Use the mouse(click and drag/scroll up or down/click on nodes) to explore nodes in the detailed taxonomy
  • Click on the red arrow adjacent to the node name to view the content for that particular node in the dashboard
Taxo.jpg

Dashboard link

Dashb.jpg
NOTE:
  • Flash Player is essential to view the Dolcera dashboard.
  • Patents for which data is not available are analysed based on DWPI data which can not be disclosed due to legal issues.


Patent to Product Mapping

Pat to product.jpg

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