Training Manual

IPR is concerned with ownership and control of ideas - ?intellectual output?. It is an important issue in research both because you must avoid infringing others? IPRs and know your own rights.

?Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) or intellectual property (IP) are the rights given to a person over the creation of their minds?

?They usually give the creator an exclusive rights over the use of his/her creation for a certain period of time?

Contents

What is Intellectual Property?

An intellectual property is any product of the human intellect that is unique, novel, and unobvious (and has some value in the marketplace).

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IPR legislation

The idea of IPR legislation is to protect all owners of Intellectual Property Covered by international and national law:

Patent

A patent is a contract between the government and the inventor, in other words it is a legal protection granted by the government.

The government gives the inventor the right to exclude others from making, using or selling the invention for a term of years. The exclusive right does not give the inventor the right to make, use or sell his invention.

The inventor gives the public a full and complete disclosure of the invention with a teaching of how it works.

What is an invention?

Inventions are solutions to specific problems in the field of technology.

Types of Patents

There are three different types of patents for which an inventor may apply:

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Why Patent?

Patents are most important of IP because of:

Patentability requirement

Must meet the following three criteria

Note: 1 year grace period in US and Canada most other jurisdictions have absolute novelty requirement

?sufficiently different from what has been used or described before that it may be said to be nonobvious to a person having ordinary skill in the area of technology related to the invention?

How do I get a patent?

To get a patent on an INVENTION,

What can I patent

The list of inventions which are/and not patentable

Patent Searching

Patent searching is a challenging task many searchers choose to do in order to decide on a course of action that will ultimately determine their legal rights. Conducting the searches is challenging precisely because the process involves multiple steps using resources with which many searchers are not familiar. By comparison, patent experts spend many hours in training and many hours searching inventions in their daily work.

For example, patent examiners at the United States Patent & Trademark Office (USPTO) spend about twelve hours investigating each patent application to determine whether the invention it describes is patentable. During that time, the examiner consults an average of thirty-eight databases containing patent and non-patent literature to determine whether the invention has ever before been described. Although a novice searcher may miss important patent information when searching, the best defense against these mistakes is practice, patience and the development of one's search skills.

Why Search Patents?

People search patents for many reasons, most often because they have an invention they hope to patent. A search will determine whether an invention has patenting potential. Others search patents to find alternative approaches and suggestions to help resolve technological problems. Studies have shown that 80% of all patents hold information that is not published anywhere else in the world. By tapping into this tremendous resource, the searcher avoids "reinventing the wheel".

Types of Search

Details on various search types

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Where to Search?

Resources for patent searching are

How to Search?

Patent searching in USPTO

Example of Quick Search in USPTO

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Example - Advance Search In USPTO

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Example - Number Search In USPTO

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