Cloud Computing

Summary
One of the most talked about topics today is Cloud Computing ? the new phenomenon set to change the way we use computers forever. Cloud computing refers to the delivery of software and other technology services over the Internet by a service provider and has been widely acknowledged as a viable way to reduce capital expenditures and operational costs. Although many companies have embraced this technology, some are unwilling to switch from internally owned and managed IT systems to cloud computing technologies due to fears of security threats and loss of control over company systems and data.

With its growing popularity, a large number of firms have started providing this service. We tried to compare some of these offerings on various parameters like infrastructure, data storage system, supported applications/frameworks, scalability, security etc.

The worldwide market for cloud services is expected to grow from $46.4 billion in 2008 to reach $150.1 billion in 2013 with a CAGR of 26.5%. Among the various cloud services, business process services alone have contributed 84% of the total revenue generated in 2008.

In this report, we mention some of the industry segments which have successfully utilized cloud computing. We also take a brief look into how some of the photo-sharing websites like SmugMug are using cloud computing.


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Overview


The concept generally incorporates combinations of the following:

Market overview

Cloud services provided worldwide are:

Companies providing cloud computing technology

Y-on-Y revenue from cloud services

Cloud services - revenue breakup

Pros and cons of cloud computing

Key drivers of cloud computing


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Primary research - Amazon Web Services

In our primary research, we talked to an AWS executive to gain insights about how startups and enterprise companies are using cloud computing and, drivers and constraints for the same. Valuable insights have been summarized below:

Startups

Startups-cloud1.jpg

Enterprise

Enterprise.jpg

Cloud computing comparison of different vendors

  Amazon.com Inc. Microsoft GoGrid (ServePath LLC) Google Joyent Inc. Layered Technologies Inc. (3tera Inc. Partner) Mosso (Rackspace US Inc.) Terremark Worldwide Inc. Xcalibre Communications Ltd.
Offerings EC2 (Elastic Compute Cloud) plus S3 (Simple Storage Service) Windows Azure GoGrid Google App Engine Accelerator GridLayer The Hosting Cloud Enterprise Cloud FlexiScale
Provider?s Infrastructure Runs on Amazon.com?s infrastructure. Each availability zone runs on its own physically distinct, independent infrastructure and is engineered to be highly reliable Microsoft?s infrastructure GoGrid uses the ServePath network, including OC?12 and GB connections from UUNet, Level 3 Communications Inc., NTT Communications/Verio Inc. and AboveNet Inc Google?s infrastructure AMD Opteron x64 multicore servers with 4GB RAM per core. Joyent operates two carriergrade datacenters Uses other providers? networks, including SAVVIS Inc.?s backbone IP network, which is based on Juniper core routers and Cisco Communications Inc. carrier?class equipment and has OC?48/OC?192 backbone trunks; the DataBank IP network. Runs 3tera?s AppLogic grid OS Built on Rackspace?s Superstructure, including its T1, SAS70?certified datacenters Powered by Terremark?s Infinistructure utility?computing platform and runs on the multinational hosting provider?s network; includes plug?and?play access to 160 glob carriers High?end x86?based servers, high?speed multi?GB network, high?end storage back end
Provider?s Data?Storage System Amazon S3 Web service Azure Data Storage REST APIs, data storage functionality through three services BLOB, TABLE and QUEUE Storage is part of the server image; vendor plans to offer additional storage options Persistent storage with queries, sorting and transactions Sun Microsystems Sun Fire X4500 NAS storage Storage is built into the Grid; data is stored on multiple hard drives across multiple machines for redundancy Uses network?attached storage devices Undisclosed Persistent storage based on a fully virtualized SAN/NAS back end
Supported Operating Systems Linux Communication protocols such as SOAP, REST and XML allows use of other OS Linux, Microsoft Windows, CentOS and Red Hat Enterprise Linux, Microsoft Windows and Mac OS X OpenSolaris Linux and Solaris; plans to support Windows Linux and Microsoft Windows Linux, Microsoft Windows and Solaris Linux and Microsoft Windows
Supported Languages Linux and Red Hat Enterprise .NET, Eclipse, Ruby, PHP, Java and Python Java, .NET, Perl, PHP, Python, Ruby on Rails and most shell?scripting languages Python Java, PHP, Python and Ruby on Rails Grid nodes will run any software that runs on a normal dedicated compute .NET, Perl, PHP, Python and Ruby on Rails Undisclosed Linux and Microsoft Windows
Supported Applications/
Framework
MySQL Enterprise and OpenSolaris ASP.NET and WCF (Windows communications foundation) Apache, Facebook applications, IIS, MySQL Enterprise, PostgreSQL and Windows Serve Django. Services include URL Fetch, Memcache and image manipulation Ruby on Rails Apache, Jboss, MySQL Enterprise; anything that runs under a supported OS Apache, Microsoft SQL and MySQL Enterprise Undisclosed Through partnership with CohesvieFT, customers can access a large number of preconfigured application stacks
Scalability Limited to 20 virtual computer instances during beta period; additional instances are allowed No limits on scalability, additional VMs are allocated as processing load increases No limits on scalability Up to 5 million page views per month with preview release Contact vendor Up to 43 nodes. Bandwidth, RAM and CPU are changed on?the?fly. Process can be resized
(2 minutes per 1GB of data)
Unlimited. Current users are pushing hundreds of millions of requests on single domains Undisclosed 5 VDSes (Virtual Dedicated Servers) per account; more machines are available on request
Security Provides Web?service interfaces to configure firewall settings that control network access to and between groups of instances Execute applications in dedicated virtual machines, each VM provides a 64-bit windows server 2008 environment, VMs prevent data leakage from one to the other application executing on same server hardware Provided via ServePath?s secure infrastructure and telecom facility Service runs on Google?s secure infrastructure. App Engine provides a secure sandbox environment Spam protection; advanced traffic security, SSL acceleration and Advanced DNS available as add?ons All grid nodes are locked down to maintain access only when firewalls and other security features are put in place. Also, a front?end DDoS (distributed denial of service) mitigation service is available Enterprise firewalls; email accounts include anti?virus and spam protection. SSL capabilities available as an add?on service Infrastructure is SAS 70 Type II certified. Network includes Integrated firewalls and private VLAN architecture; connections to the Infinicenter management console are secured by SSL Each customer has a VLAN; VDSes are separated by a Xen implementation; and customer data is stored in a T1 storage back end
Virtualization Technology Xen Modified Hyper-V hypervisor Xen Undisclosed Solaris Zones Based on 3tera AppLogic Undisclosed Undisclosed Xen
Redundancy Features Ability to place server instances in multiple locations and elastic IP addresses Triple-layer redundancy to keep data safe and availability of services high RAID servers; plans to offer server snapshots and cloning Fault?tolerant servers Undisclosed Backup and snapshot feature for customer?s data Clusters Automated resource balancing for monitoring and optimization A failed server is automatically removed from the cluster; VDSes running on it are automatically and transparently restarted on other servers
Load Balancing Undisclosed Yes, route traffic to active nodes only Yes; F5 Network BigIP load balancers. Yes Yes; F5 Network BigIP load balancers No. Customers can set up their own load balancing Yes; load?balancing layer includes logic for multiple IP addresses for each customer site Undisclosed Yes; as optional add?on
Control Panel Web?service interface Web interface Yes; proprietary multiserver hosting control panel lets you manage servers and scale Web applications and networks Proprietary, the Administration Console Undisclosed all servers, storage, applications and users are managed from a single, browser?based management console Proprietary to Mosso Infinicenter console for deploying, configuring and managing server and network infrastructure Yes; API (application programming interface) also available. Control panel includes usage?tracking tool
Development Tools Command?line tools for building AMIs Integration into Visual Studio, support for any .NET languages, complete command-line SDK tools No, not necessary; plans to release public API with the same control as the Web interface Python runtime environment, Sandbox accelerators, central development and deployment, version control, unit test site and staging site available as add?ons AppLogic has a scriptable command?line interface for provisioning and scaling applications None Undisclosed No
Additional Cloud?Storage Service Included in cloud service Undisclosed No Datastore, a distributed data?storage service Additional storage available for $.15 per GiB DynaVol; ranges from $15/month to $1,300/month Limited; CloudFS is in private beta No No

Technical overview

Cloud computing architecture

Three major participants in cloud:

  1. Cloud Providers; building out clouds, for instance Google, Amazon, etc. effectively technology providers.
  2. Cloud Adopters / Developers; those developing services over the Cloud and some becoming the first generation of Cloud ISVs.
  3. Cloud "End" Users; those using Cloud provisioned services, often without knowing that they are cloud provisioned, e.g. Facebook users have no idea that their favorite FB app is running on AWS.

Various architectural layers:

  1. Operations: it supports functional business processes rather than supporting the technology itself.
  2. Service layer: it is made up of application code, bespoke code, high-level ISV offerings.
  3. Platform layer: it is made up of standard platform software i.e. app. servers, DB servers, web servers, etc., and an example implementation would be a LAMP stack.
  4. Infrastructure layer: it is made up of
(i) infrastructure software (i.e.virtualisation and OS software)
(ii) the hardware platform and server infrastructure
(iii) the storage platform
  1. Network layer: it is made up of routers, firewalls, gateways, and other network technology.

Delta of Effort / Delta of Opportunity

The gap between the cloud providers and the end cloud users is known as the delta of effort and also the delta of opportunity.

It is the delta of effort in terms of skills, abilities, experience and technology that the cloud adopter needs to deliver a functional service to their own ?End Users?. This will be potentially a major area of cost to the cloud adopters. But it's also the delta of opportunity in terms of 'room' to innovate.


Cloud computing applications in different industry segments

Pharmaceutical

Pfizer

Source: bio-itworld

Eli Lilly

Source: undertheradarblog

Johnson and Johnson

Source:fiercebiotechit

Indigo BioSystems Inc.

Source: prdomain

Hospitality

Cloud computing is used in hospitality industry to provide

e.g. Preferred Hotel Group is using Terremark's Enterprise cloud services

Source: phx.corporate-ir.net

Web applications

Cloud computing is used in various web applications such as Microsoft's Hotmail, Google's Gmail and YouTube, and Yahoo's Flickr photo-sharing service etc

e.g. Microsoft's Hotmail is using Azure (cloud computing platform from Microsoft) and Google's Gmail is using Google Apps

Source: www.htrends.com

Consumer electronics

Cloud computing is being used in consumer electronics at various levels:

e.g Netbook, a general purpose laptop, works on cloud computing and is available at a price of US$400 and some even in US$50-100 range.

Source: www.htrends.com

Retail

e.g. Amazon is using cloud computing for its online retail services

Source: www.onwindows.com

Financial Services

Cloud computing is used by financial services firms:

e.g. NASDAQ Market Replay application uses Amazon's S3 cloud for data storage but the application part is not running in cloud presently. It has plans to develop future applications in Amazon's EC2.

Companies using cloud computing

The New York Times

Major League Baseball

ESPN

Hasbro

Chicago

Cybernet Slash Support (CSS)

Intuit

Activision

Cloud computing in online photo sharing

Cloud computing advantages like scalability, reduced hardware costs and extensive reach is being utilized by some leading photo sharing websites.

SmugMug

Source: Wikipedia


The architecture basically consists of three software components:

TweetPhoto

TweetPhoto is a free photo-sharing service that compliments the social-media service Twitter which is utilizing Rackspace Hosting?s cloud-computing unit Mosso and allowing users to easily upload as many photos as they want and automatically share them with Twitter followers and Facebook friends. It also allow users to conduct photo searchers, subscribe to RSS media feeds, geotagging from GPS-enabled smartphones or transfer bio and friend information from Twitter as well as monitor which other users are viewing and commenting on their photos.

Source: www.bizjournals.com

TweetPhoto utilizes the Cloud Site and Cloud File services from Rackspace.

Source:Wikipedia,businesswire.com, blog.mosso.com

Flickr


Flickr architecture:

The platform for Flickr is:

Source:highscalability.com


Barriers to the adoption of cloud computing

Like this report?

This is only a sample report with brief analysis
Dolcera can provide a comprehensive report customized to your needs

Buy the customized report from Dolcera
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Patent Landscape Services Dolcera Processes Industry Focus
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